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V DEFINATION:-A cathode ray tube (CRT) is a specialized vacuum tube in

which images are produced when an electron beam strikes a
phosphorescent surface.

V The first cathode ray tube scanning device was invented by the German
scientist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897.

V Braun introduced a CRT with a fluorescent screen, known as the cathode ray
oscilloscope.

V In 1907, the Russian scientist Boris Rosingused a CRT in the receiver of a

television system that at the camera end made use of mirror-drum
scanning.
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V  CD:- iquid Crystal Display

V A display technology that uses rod-shaped molecules (liquid crystals) that

flow like liquid and bend light.

V iquid crystals were first discovered in 1888 by Austrian botanist

V There are two types of lcd display

a) passive display or passive matrix.

b) active display or active matrix.

In passive display all the control transistors are outside of the display
screen and in active display it is opposite.


V A display technology that uses rod-shaped molecules (liquid crystals) that
flow like liquid and bend light.
V iquid crystal phases

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V In physics and chemistry, plasma
is a partially ionized gas, in which
a certain proportion of electrons
are free rather than being bound
to an atom or molecule.

V The ability of the positive and

negative charges to move
somewhat independently makes
the plasma electrically
conductive

V ike gas, plasma does not have a

definite shape or a definite
volume unless enclosed in a
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V ED:- light emitting diode.

V The first ED was built in the 1920s by Oleg osev.

V EDs are based on the semiconductor diode. When the diode is forward
biased (switched on), electrons are able to recombine with holes and
energy is released in the form of light.

V This effect is called electroluminescence and the colour of the light is

determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor.

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uchematic of a 2-layer ED:
1.Cathode (о).
2. Emissive ayer,.
3. Emission of radiation.
4. Conductive ayer
5. Anode (+)
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