 SMART IRRIGATION

SYSTEM USING
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Supervised by :
Presented by :
Dr. Md. Mortuza Ali
Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Professor,
Roll: 131049 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology
Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh.

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 Outline

1. Introduction 7. System
2. Motivation Representation
3. Objectives 8. Experimental setup
4. Literature review 9. Working Procedure
5. Components & 10. Cost Analysis
Software used 11.Future work
6. System Model 12. Conclusion

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 Introduction
 Agriculture based economy.

 Dependence on agriculture for food.

 Importantance of water.

 Source of irrigation water: groundwater, river, canal and

rain. But groundwater is the most important and certain
source. For this purpose, now electric motor is being
used.

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 Introduction
 Irrigation system is used to distribute water to targeted area. It is the
application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.

Fig: Typical Irrigation System

 It has a great use in crop production in our agriculture. There are many types
of irrigation such as
 Channel System,
 Sprinkller System and
 Drip System.

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 Motivation
 Typical irrigation system:

Time consuming: The farmers need to go to their farming

field to see the moisture level. If they need to water the
land, they switch on the motor and wait until water level is
enough. It is disgusting and time consuming.

Over Irrigation: Any unconsciousness may cause over

irrigation. When soil is over irrigated, it is given too much
water. This is harmful for crops and its production.
Moreover it is waste of water. More power is used. So
irrigation cost increases.

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 Motivation (Cont.)
 Smart irrigation systems:
watering schedules: Smart irrigation systems tailor watering
schedules and run times automatically to meet specific
landscape needs.

Comfortable: Farmers will be able to control the motor

away from it. This will ease their life, their working.

Minimise waste of water: Smart irrigation system will stop

over irrigation automatically. It will be helpful in our
economy.
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 Objectives

 Toperform irrigation in farming land in an easy and

effective way.
 To minimize the cost of irrigation.
 To minimize over irrigation and waste of water.
 To use the natural rainfall using weather information.
 Tomake a system which can be easily operated by the
general farmer.

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 Literature Review
Contribution:
proposed a automatic water irrigation and drainage
system that automatically irrigates water when the water
level in the rice field is lower than the desired level and
automatically drains the water when the water level is
higher than the desired level.

Drawback:
This system is not remotely controlled.


[1] M. A. Miskam, O. Sidek, I. A. Rahim, M. Q. Omar and M. Z. Ishak,

"Fully Automatic Water Irrigation and Drainage System for Paddy Rice
 Cropping in Malaysia," in 2013 IEEE 3rd International Conference on
System Engineering and Technology, Malaysia, 2013.

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 Literature Review
Contribution:
proposed another project named microcontroller based
automatic irrigation system using soil moisture sensor
which was automatically controlled.

Drawback:
could not be controlled from away .

[2] M. N. Haque and S. Chakma, Microcontroller Based

 Automatic Irrigation System Using Soil Moisture Sensor,
Rajshahi: RUET, 2016.

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 Literature Review(Continued)
Contribution:
proposed IoT based autonomous percipient irrigation
system using Raspberry Pi which was automatically and
manually controlled from away of the field.

Drawback:
But the system was complicated and was not suitable for
the general farmer as they have no or less knowledge
about android application.

[3] A. Imteaj, T. Rahman, M. . K. Hossain and S. Zaman, "IoT based

Autonomous Percipient Irrigation System using Raspberry Pi," in
19th International Conference on Computer and Information
Technology, Dhaka, 2016 .

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 Literature Review(Continued)
Contribution:
designed a prototype that was GSM based solar automatic
irrigation system that uses moisture sensor, humidity
sensor and temperature sensor. The electricity required
was provided through solar panels which was free from
load shedding.
The electricity required was provided through solar
panels which was free from load shedding.
Drawbacks:
User would get only a message from the system but was
unable to manually control from distance.

[4] A. U. Ateeq Ur Rehman, R. M. Asif, R. Tariq and A. Javed, "GSM

BASED SOLAR AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING
MOISTURE, TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSORS," in 2017
International Conference on Engineering Technology and Technopreneurship
(ICE2T), Lahore, Pakistan, 2017
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 Literature Review(Continued)

Contribution:
proposed Smart Irrigation System using GSM which was
automatically and manually controlled.

Drawbacks:
But their system was complicated weather information was
not included.

[5] R. Ashok, G. Jeyameena, T. Shobana and K. L. Priya, "Smart

Irrigation System Using GSM Module and Controller," in
Conference: Intelligent Computing and Automation Instruvision'17,
Madurai, India , 2018

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Components and Software Used
i. Moisture Sensor
ii. Microcontroller ATMega 328p
iii. DC Water Pump
iv. Relay
v. pump
vi. LCD Display
vii. GSM Module
viii. Potentiometer
ix. Resistor
x. 5V DC Adopter
xi. 5V DC Battery
xii. Proteus 7 professional
xiii. Arduino IDE

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Components and Software Used(Cont.)
Microcontroller ATMega 328p:
 Atmega328 has 28 pins in total-14 digital pins.
 32KB internal built in memory.
 3 Ports -Port B, Port C and Port D.
 supports Serial Communications, via Pin # 2 (RX) and
Pin # 3 (TX).
 It needs a 16MHz crystal oscillator for generating the
frequency ranging from 4MHz to 40 MHz.

Fig: Microcontroller ATMega 328p

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Components and Software Used(Cont.)
Moisture Sensor:
Soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content in
soil. consist of two components.
I. A two legged Lead- goes into the soil
II. two header pins- connected to an A-D circuit which is
in turn connected to the microcontroller.

Fig: Moisture Sensor

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 Components and Software Used(Cont.)

 It works based on the dielectric constant of the soil.

 The dielectric constant of soil increases as the water content of the

soil increases. The dielectric constant of water is much larger than
the other soil components, including air.

 Thus, measurement of the dielectric constant gives a predictable

estimation of water content .

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Components and Software used(Cont.)

DC Water Pump:
• Operating voltage: DC 6-12V
• Working power: 6W / H

Fig: DC Water Pump

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Components and Software Used (Cont.)

Relay:

 an electrically operated switch.

 use an electromagnet to mechanically operate the switch.

Fig: Relay

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Components and Software Used (Cont.)

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD):

 A 16x2 electronic display module.

 it can display 16 characters per line and there
are 2 such lines.
 Supply voltage: 5V

Fig: LCD

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Components and Software Used (Cont.)
Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) A6
Module:
 Supports voice calls and SMS text messaging.
 It supports two serial ports, a serial port to
download an AT command port.
 Serial communication start at 9600 Baud rate.
 A mobile adapter is enough to power up the A6
GSM module.

Fig: GSM A6 Module

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 System Model
Power Supply

Soil Moisture Relay

Sensor
Microcontroller DC water pump
Sensor
Amplifier LCD Display

GSM Module
Fig: Block Diagram

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 System Representation

Fig: Complete Schematic Diagram of the Project

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 Experimental Setup

Fig: Experimental Set-up of the Project

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 Working Procedure

Automatic Control:
In this prototype, the moisture sensor is used to control the system
automatically. The moisture sensor senses the various conditions of
the soil.
When the soil is dry, it is sensed by the moisture sensor and the
output becomes high. Then the microcontroller command the relay
driver circuit to turn on the motor.
While the motor is on, proper amount of water is supplied to the dry
soil. The wet condition is also sensed by the moisture sensor. As
the moisture of the soil overcomes the fixed level, Then the low
output is also sent to microcontroller to turn off the motor. This is
the automatic control.

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 Working Procedure(cont.)
Manual control:
To control manually, the motor owner sends a message ‘M1’
to the contact no. that is insert in the GSM module. The GSM
module reads the message and turns on the motor.
To turn off the motor, the motor owner has to sent ‘M0’. Then
the GSM module receives it and sends data to microcontroller
to turn off the motor.
For this project, the mobile service provider company will
initiate a service that will give alert of weather condition. For
example, if there is a possibility of rain after 2 hour, they may
send a message ‘R2’ to the contact no. inserted in GSM.

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 Working Procedure(Cont.)

Then the motor will be turned off and will not be turned on within
2 hour. But at this time within 2 hour if there is no rain, after 2
hour the microcontroller get the command from moisture sensor.

 If no possibility of rain, the service provider company will send a

message ‘R0’. Then normal operation will be held.

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 Cost Analysis
Components Name Cost (taka)
1. DC water pump 300
2. LCD Display 150
3. GSM Module 700
4. Microcontroller 150
5. Transistor 5
6. Relay 30
7. Resistor 5
8. Adaptor 250
9. Li-Po Battery 250
Total =1840

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 Future Work
 This project is constructed for supplying water to only
u
one plot. It can be constructed for supplying water to
several plots.
 Not depending on the service provider of mobile
phone for weather information, it may be generated on
the spot.
 Wireless sensor may be used to minimize the use of
copper wire.
 Water level indicator and temperature sensor may be
used to improve to estimate water requirement.
 Cost of irrigation of a plot can be displayed.
 A keypad system may be included to change the user
phone no. by the end user easily.

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 CONCLUSION
u This project can overcome over irrigation.
 It will make a successful use of rain water.
 Again, limited reserve of water can be used effectively.
 The main point of view was to make a simple design, to
minimize the cost and to make the use of local available
materials property and in this purpose everything was
completed successfully.

 If this project comes as the product further enhancement of

this idea can be possible. So if this project is manufactured
commercially in Bangladesh, there exist bright future in this
project.

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THANKS TO ALL

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