THE REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEM

EMERITA C. MENDOZA, R.N.,

M.D.
Functions of the Reproductive
System
 Males: to produce sperm
 Females: to produce ova
 Development of primary & secondary
sexual characteristics
 To engage in sexual responses
 To allow fertilization, implantation of
the fetus, & fetal development
 Sexual Reproduction

 Male Reproductive System:

 To produce & release spermatozoa
 To secrete testosterone
 Female Reproductive System:
 To produce ova & provide a place for
growth of embryo
 To secrete estrogen & progesterone
 Spermatozoon
(sperm cells)
Head region
Tail region

 1/300 M per
ejaculation 
fertilize ovum
(fertilization)
The Male Reproductive
System
 The Male
Genitalia
 Penis: average of 4-
5 inches in length; 1
inch in width
 Scrotum: carries the
descended testes

 Penis:2 spongy
tissues:
 corpus
spongiosum
 The Male Reproductive
Tubules

 Seminiferous tubules
->
 Rete testis ->
 Epididymis ->
 Vas deferens ->
 Ejaculatory ducts

 Volume of semen:
 seminal vesicles
60%
 prostate 20%
The Prostate
 Capsule of prostate
 Fascia of
Denonvilliers
 3 concentric groups:
 inner mucosals or
suburethral
 submucosals
 outer prostatics
 Open to prostatic
sinus -> prostatic
utricle
Scrotum  Skin & Dartos
muscle
 External spermatic
fascia
 Cremaster muscle
 Internal spermatic
fascia
 Areolar tissue
 Processus
vaginalis
 Mediastinum testis
 Tunica vaginalis
 Tunica albuginea
 Cremasteric reflex
Performed by stroking along
the inguinal canal
Contraction of the cremaster
causes testes to move up, as
in cold weather
 TESTICULAR TORSION

 Twisting of the
spermatic cord
 Symptoms: sudden
onset of pain,
tenderness, swelling
of affected cord
 Majority of cases is a
MEDICAL
EMERGENCY!!!!!!!
The Female Reproductive
System

The Uterus
Histology of the Uterine Wall
 Note the
abundant
uterine glands
 Layers: (from
inner to outer)
 Endometrium
Stratum
functionalis
Stratum basalis

 Myometrium
 The Adnexae or Adnexa
Referredto as the
appendages of the uterus.
Composed of:
Ovaries
Fallopiantubes
ligaments
The Breasts
 The
Menstrual
Cycle