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PENDAHULUAN
H+ + OH- H 2O
CONTOH :
CONTOH :
MULA : 0,10 0 0
PERUBAHAN -X +X +X
SETIMBANG ( 0,10- X ) X X
DENGAN CATATAN :
H+ = CH3COO- = X
CH3COOH SISA = 0,10 -X
LANJUTAN pH ASAM LEMAH
( H+ ) ( CH3COO- )
Ka = --------------------------
( CH3COOH )
( H+) ( H+) X2
1,75 X 10-5 = ------------------ → = ----------
0,10 – X 0,10 –X
X2
1,75 X 10-5 = -------------- → X2 = 1,75 X 10-6
0,10
X = √ 1,75 X 10-6 → X = 1,32 X 10-3
LANJUTAN MENGHITUNG pH
2. SECARA LANGSUNG
CONTOH :
HITUNG pH LARUTAN BASA LEMAH 0,10 M
NH4OH
APABILA DIKETAHUI HARGA Kb NH4OH = 1,8 X 10-5
APABILA DIKETAHUI :
NH4 = OH- = X
( NH4+) ( OH- ) X2
Kb = ------------------------ = -------------
( NH4OH ) 0,10 –X
X2
1,8 X 10-5 = ------------ MAKA OH- = √ 1,8 X 10-6
0,10 – X
= 1,34 x 10-3
pOH = 3- Log 1,34 = 2,87 MAKA pH = 14- 2,87 =
= 11,13
MENGHITUNG KONSENTRASI H+ DAN OH-
PADA LARUTAN YANG DIKETAHUI pH nya
0,03 0,06
Suppose you have a 1.0 L solution that is initially 0.20 M in acetic acid (HAc) and
0.10 M in sodium acetate (NaAc). What will be the pH of this solution? What will
the pH be if you add 2 mL of 1.0M HCl to the system? Ka = 1.8 x 10-5
Adding Strong acid adds H+ : 0.002L x 1.0 mol/L = 0.002 moles added. So the
equilibrium is shifted to the left, back towards the weak acid. We add the acid
concentration to the acid and subtract it from the base:
After the acid addition, the new concentrations are: [Hac] = ~0.202M ; [Ac-] =
~0.098M. These are our new initial concentrations. The ~ is there because the
concentrations include the 2 mL volume of acid.