Turbine Control and

Operation Strategy
Outline

Control Algorithms
Operation Strategy
Alarm Analysis
1xx Yaw System
2xx Hydraulic Group
4xx Gearbox
5xx Generator
7xx Communications
8xx Pitch
Alarms that trip switch gear
Simplified Control Scheme

Additional text
Control Algorithms

Control system algorithms is composed of:

Control of blade position

Speed control
Power control
Equipment/device supervision

Additional text
Control Algorithms

Fundamental characteristics of the Gamesa power curve

G8X.

Cut in speed Vin=3m/s

Nominal wind speed Vr =13 m/s
Cut out speed Vout = 21-25 m/s
Control Algorithms

Fundamental characteristics of the Gamesa power curve

G5X.

Cut in speed Vin=4m/s

Nominal wind speed Vr =16 m/s
Cut out speed Vout = 25 m/s
Pitch Control
Power Control
Speed Control
Yaw Control
Operation Strategy

Start up:

Without wind
Turbine awaiting wind without orienting y blades at 40º
With increase in wind  pitch angle descreases (with respect to tower) y rotor
increases speed.
At cut in speed, turbine couples to grid.

With wind
With increase in wind  pitch descreases y rotor revolutions increase.
At cut in speed turbine couples to grid.

The condition necessary is that the wind velocity is below the value necessary to rearm the
turbine after the high wind alarm. In case of the contrary, the turbine waits for the wind
speed to lower before restarting.

The other condition is the the turbine components are in their required temperature ranges
for normal function.
Operation Strategy

Stop:

Slow stop: (when going to pause) Blades feather slowly and power
decreases slowly.

Fast stop: (when going to STOP or EMERGENCY) Power decreases in

leass than 1 second (0 seconds in emergency). Blades feather rapidly.
Operation Strategy
Operation Strategy – Increase in State

Emergency to Stop
Emergency procedure ended.
No alarms that require emergency state.
Generator rotor in position test (Ingeteam)
Stop to Pause
No alarms that require stop state.
Pressure correct in hydraulic group.
Hub emergency procedure ended.
Pause to Run
No alarms that require pause state.
Turbine aligned to wind.
Wind under a certain value.
Generator rotor in position test (Ingeteam)
Operation Strategy – Connection to the
Grid

Ingeteam converters need initial rotor position with respect to stator before
grid coupling.
Turbine is stopped and CCU injects a current into the rotor and the current
output is measured in the stator terminals.

When turbine HSS reaches 800 rpms, rectifier is connected.

When turbine reaches 1000 rpms, inverter is connected, PLC requests coupling
2 seconds after this.
When following conditions have been met, the turbine couples;
Stator and grid voltages are similar (LV side of transformer).
Stator and grid frequencies are similar.
Phase difference between stator and grid are at a minimum.
PLC requests coupling.
After coupling, reference HSS velocity is 1680 rpm.