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Introduction
• The systems approach has been a combination of
traditions, customs and a web of action, reaction and
interaction between parties. The systems approach is
given by Prof. John T. Dunlop of the Harvard University
(1958) and is also referred as Dunlop’s Approach. Dunlop
analyses industrial relations system as a subsystem of the
society. He suggested that industrial relations system
could be divided into four interrelated elements
comprising certain actors, certain contexts, an ideology
binding the industrial relations system together and a
body of rules created to govern the actors at the
workplace.
A simplified version of Dunlop’s
Approach to Industrial Relation
Output
Environmental Forces