We All Have A Role:: Building Social Capital Among Youth in Care

We all have a role:
Building social capital among youth in care
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Presentation Outline
► Profile of youth in care

► Risks to social capital
► Sources of social capital
Family
Community
School
Peers
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BC Adolescent Health Survey
2013 BC Adolescent Health Survey
▪ 29, 832 surveys were completed
▪ 1, 645 classrooms
▪ 56 school districts
▪ 325 PHNs and nursing students
Over 1,000 had ever been in government care and over

300 were currently in a group home, foster home or on a
Youth Agreement
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Profile of Youth in Care
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▪ Aboriginal youth were over-

represented
▪ 24% born outside Canada
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▪ Most youth were
from urban areas
▪ More likely to be a
caretaker
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Risks to Social Capital
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Housing instability
▪ Living without adults or alone linked to reduced social

capital
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Poverty
▪ More likely than peers to:

– go to bed hungry
– miss out on activities
▪ Improvements from previous years
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Victimization
▪ More likely to have been teased, excluded, assaulted

and cyberbullied
▪ More likely to have been abused and harassed
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Health and disabilities
▪ More likely to have physical disability
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Mental health
▪ More likely to have mental or

emotional condition
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Mental health
▪ Higher rates of
– Extreme stress
– Despair
– Self-harm
– Considered
suicide
– Attempted suicide
– Missing out on
services
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Sources of Social Capital
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Family
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Family connectedness
▪ Family connectedness was linked to:
– Better mental health
– Lower rates of risky substance use
– School life
▪ Strongly linked to post secondary for older

youth
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Supportive adult in family
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Linking family social capital
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Community
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Helpful adult support
▪ Benefits of local adults who care
– Particularly for males and those living on a Youth Agreement
or aging out of care
▪ Adults who were helpful

– Linked to improved mental health and future educational
aspirations
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Community Engagement
▪ Participation in activities
▪ Meaningful activities
▪ Valued within activities
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Neighbourhood and community
▪ Neighbourhood
safety
– Lower rates of
stress and despair
– More likely to rate

health as
good/excellent
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Linking community social capital
▪ Greater breadth of community social capital
associated with better mental health
– Caring adult and being engaged in meaningful activities

linked to post-secondary
– Feeling like a part of the community linked to lower

rates of heavy sessional drinking
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School
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Positive relationships with teachers
– Helpful teachers linked to better mental health and positive future

aspirations
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Positive relationships with school staff
▪ Linked to:
– Not skipping school
– Lower rates of risky substance

use
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Positive school environment
▪ School safety linked to positive mental health

▪ And post secondary plans
▪ Positive peer relationships also linked to better

outcomes
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Linking school social capital
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Peers
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Peers
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Romantic relationships
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Prosocial friends
Less likely to Less likely to

Upset if Upset if used
have been in have used in
arrested marijuana
custody past month
More Upset if Less likely to

Upset if
connected to drank have used in
dropped out
school alcohol past month
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Linking peer social capital
▪ 3 or more friends
▪ Having friends with prosocial

attitudes:
– Positive educational aspirations
▪ Prosocial friends were the

only type of peer social capital
linked to lower alcohol
consumption
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Social Capital Across
Domains
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Summary
▪ Youth who enter the care system are dealing with

significant challenges
▪ Positive relationships in community, schools and

with family and friends are linked to better health
outcomes
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For more information
www.mcs.bc.ca

We All Have A Role:: Building Social Capital Among Youth in Care

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We all have a role:

Building social capital among youth in care

► Profile of youth in care

Over 1,000 had ever been in government care and over

▪ Aboriginal youth were over-

▪ 24% born outside Canada

▪ Living without adults or alone linked to reduced social

▪ More likely than peers to:

▪ Improvements from previous years

▪ More likely to have been teased, excluded, assaulted

▪ More likely to have physical disability

▪ More likely to have mental or

▪ Strongly linked to post secondary for older

▪ Adults who were helpful

▪ Valued within activities

– More likely to rate

– Caring adult and being engaged in meaningful activities

– Feeling like a part of the community linked to lower

– Helpful teachers linked to better mental health and positive future

– Not skipping school

– Lower rates of risky substance

– Better mental health

▪ School safety linked to positive mental health

▪ Positive peer relationships also linked to better

Less likely to Less likely to

More Upset if Less likely to

▪ Having friends with prosocial

▪ Prosocial friends were the

▪ Youth who enter the care system are dealing with

▪ Positive relationships in community, schools and

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