NANO ROBOTICS

Presented by
A Krishna kumar
(171fb09002)
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CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Components
• Working
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Conclusion
• References
INTRODUCTION
• A nanorobot is a tiny machine designed to perform a specific task or
tasks repeatedly and with precision at nanoscale dimensions, that is,
dimensions of a few nanometers(nm) or less, where 1nm=10^(-9) meter
• Nanorobots have potential applications in the assembly and
maintenance of sophisticated systems
• Nano robots might function at the atomic or molecular level to build
devices, machines or cicuits, a process is known as molecular
manufacturing
• Other names:nanobots, nanoids, nanites, nano-machines, nanomites
Why Nano Robotics
Three laws of nano robotics
 NANOROBOTS IN HEART SURGERY

• Blood vessels play an important role in supplying blood to all parts of

our body.

• Due to the fatty deposition on the walls of blood vessels blood will not
move freely to all parts.

• These leads to heart attacks and damage the vital organs.

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WORKING
 STRUCTURE OF NANOROBOTS

Nano Robots Consists of,

• Molecular sorting rotors
• Propeller
• Fins
• Sensors

Fig: Structure of nanorobots.

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Molecular sorting rotors:

• Made up of carbon nanotubes.

• Sheet of carbon atom forms a

• carbon nanotubes. Fig: Structure of nanorobot

• Nanotube with nanogears used for changing the direction of movement.

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Propeller:
• Like that in nanorobots it is used to drive forward against
the blood stream.

Fins:
• Fitted along with the propellers used to propel the device.

Fig: Structure of nanorobot

Sensors:
• Fitted externally and internally with the nanorobots to receive the signal for correct
guidance.

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 INJECTION OF NANOROBOTS
• Find a way to introduce nanorobots into the body for surgery.

• Allow it to do the operation without ancillary damage.

• So the nanorobots are made smaller than the blood vessels as it can travel.

• Femoral artery in the leg is considered to be a largest artery in our body.

• So the nanorobot is injected in this artery.

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 NAVIGATION
• Every living thing needs area to move.

• Nanorobots use blood flow for its movement.

Fig: Navigation of nanorobots into blood
• In order to move the nanorobots in blood flow, vessels.
(http://www.scribd.com/search?cat=redesign&q
• Speed of blood =nanorobot+in+heart+sugery&sa.x=31&sa.y=18)

• Get through the heart without stuck

• React with changes in blood flow rate
• Able to change the direction according to the blood stream

• To satisfy this, nanorobots should be made with electric motors to turn propeller.

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Nano Robots in Cancer treatment

Fig: Stages of cancer treatment

Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer
Treatment
• The researchers also found that there was an optimal size to the gold particles. If the particles were less then 10 billionths of a
meter (10 nanometers) in diameter, the cell would quickly clear them out. If the particles were greater than 100 nanometers the
cell had trouble internalizing the particles. The scientists found that the Nanoparticles which worked best for their study were
around 60 billionths of a meter in diameter.

• Once the Gold Nanoparticles are incorporated into cells, the researchers exposed the tissue to a laser pulse (near infrared radiation
of wavelength 782 nanometers) for a duration of 30 trillionths of a second

• when the light strikes the Nanoparticles it does not absorb it and immediately start
warming the bulk of the gold Nanoparticles resulting in overheating the cell. Rather,
during the first 10 nanoseconds some melting of the surface without bulk heating of
the gold nanoparticles2 occurs, and this vaporizes the fluid around the gold
Nanoparticles. The vaporized fluid rapidly expands and then collapses
 NANO ROBOTS IN GENE THERAPY
• Medical nanorobots can readily treat
genetic diseases by comparing the
molecular structures of both DNA
and proteins found in the cell to known
or desired reference structures.
• Any irregularities can then be corrected,
or desired modifications can be edited
in place
ADVANTAGES
• Rapid elimination of disease.
• Nanorobots might also produce copies of themselves to replace worn-out units,
a process called self-replication.
• The major advantage of nanorobots is thought to be their durability, they can in
remain operational for years, decades or centuries.

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DISADVANTAGES
• The initial design cost is very high.
• The design of the nanorobot is a very complicated one
• Hard to Interface, Customize and Design, Complex
• The nanorobot should be very accurate, otherwise Harmful
effects may occur
• The initial design cost is very high
APPLICATIONS
• Nanomedicine application
• Nanorobotics uses in health care
• Anti HIV using nanotechnology
• Nano robots in cancer treatment
• Biomedical applications of nanorobots
• Nano robots in Gene therapy
• Nanorobots treatment of diabetes

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 CONCLUSION
• The nanorobots are used in heart surgery, due to this number of risks and side effects
behind is reduced.
• The same technique is used in various treatments like cancer, breaking kidney stones,
breaking liver stones, parasite removal only with slight modification.
• Within ten year several advancement technologies should be made from this
nanorobotics.
• Health Sensors: These sensors could monitor our blood chemistry, notify us when
something is out of whack, detect spoiled food or inflammation in the body, and more.
• Connecting Our Brains to the Internet: Ray Kurzweil believes nanorobots will allow us to
connect our biological nervous system to the cloud by 2030.

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REFERENCES

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THANK YOU