Lesson Plan

• Date- 02-06-2018

• Target group- 3rd year undergraduate students

• Topic- Operating auxiliaries- School Dental Nurse

• Mode- Power point presentation

• Presenter- Dr. Jenisha Patel, 3rd year PG student

• Lecture time- 15 minutes.

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DENTAL MANPOWER -

Operating auxiliaries

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 CONTENTS:

• Introduction

• Definition

• Classification
– Non operating auxiliaries

– Operating auxiliaries

• Operating auxiliaries
 School dental nurse

• Conclusion

• References 3
 INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION:

• A dental auxiliary is a person who is given responsibility by a dentist

so that he or she can help the dentist render dental care, but who is

not himself or herself qualified with a dental degree.

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 Classification by WHO- 1967

Auxiliaries

Non- operating Operating

Clinical Laboratory

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 Revised Classification by WHO
Auxiliaries

Non- operating Operating

1.Dental surgery
assistant,
1. School dental nurse
2. Dental
2. Dental therapist
secretary/receptionist,
3. Dental hygienist
3. Dental laboratory 4. Expanded function
technician,
dental auxiliaries
4. Dental health educator 6
 OPERATING AUXILLARIES:

SCHOOL DENTAL NURSE (New Zealand Type)

 Permitted to-

 Diagnose dental disease,

 To plan & carry out certain specified preventive &

treatment measure- including some operative
procedures in the treatment of dental caries &
periodontal disease in defined groups of people,
usually school children.
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• Dental nurse scheme – 1921 in Wellington, New Zealand by T.A.
Hunter (due to extensive dental diseases found in army recruits
during world war-1).

• Founder of New Zealand Dental Association.

• Pioneer in establishment of dental school in New Zealand.

• Training- ‘The Dominion School for Dental Nurses’.

• They are under general supervision of a district principal dental officer

and a dental nurse inspector.
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– The training period= 2 years (reversible &

irreversible procedures).

– Each school dental nurse = 450 - 700 children.

– Each school which takes up more than 100

children has its own dental clinic.

– Accepted as same way as are the teachers.

– Provide dental care at 6- MONTH INTERVALS

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 DUTIES

• Oral examination,

• Prophylaxis,

• Topical fluoride application,

• Advice on dietary fluoride supplements,

• Administration of LA,

• Cavity preparation & placement of amalgam

filling,
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Pulp capping,

Extraction of primary teeth,

Individual patient instruction in tooth brushing & oral

hygiene,

Class room & parent-teacher dental health education &

Referral of patient to private practitioners for more complex

service.
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 CONCLUSION:

• India is the seventh largest country in the world.

• The population has risen drastically over the past few years.

• At this point of time, its worth while to access the ability of the

dental work force in India to adequately and efficiently provide

dental care to a population which is growing in size and diversity.

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QUESTIONS

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WHO classified dental auxiliaries into-

Operating Non- Operating

and

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School dental nurse falls under which type of auxiliary?

• Operating Auxiliary
• Non Operating Auxiliary

OPERATING AUXILIARY

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1) Dental assistant

2) Dental Hygienist Operating auxiliary

3) Dental therapist

4) Dental Laboratory Non- operating auxiliary

technician

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 REFERENCES

• Peter S. Essentials of Preventive and Community Dentistry. 5th ed.

Pg: 475-485.

• Hiremath SS. Textbook of Preventive and Community Dentistry.

2nd ed. Pg: 222-226.

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THANK YOU

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 DENTAL THERAPIST

• Permitted to carry out to the prescription of a supervising dentist, certain

specified preventive & treatment measures including the preparation of
cavities & restoration of teeth.

• They are not permitted to diagnose & plan dental care.

• In United Kingdom: dental dressers (as equivalents of therapists were

called) - shortage of the dentists to work in the school dental service.

• New Cross Auxiliaries: Auxiliaries based on New Zealand type got

graduated in 1962 which was in New Cross area in London.
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DUTIES :

• Clinical caries diagnosis,

 Cavity preparation in deciduous and permanent teeth,

 Restorative skills,

 Vital pulpotomies &

 Extraction of deciduous teeth under local anaesthesia.

 Little training in interpretation of X-rays.

 Training period is for 2 years (reversible and irreversible

procedures).
 In Australia, UK, Hong Kong, Singapore, Vietnam,
Tanzania the services of therapists are used. 20
 DENTAL HYGIENIST
• Licensed & registered - dental hygiene under the laws of the
appropriate state, province, territory or nation.

• Dr. Alfred Fones - ‘Father of Dental Hygiene ’

• Mrs. Irene Newman -- First dental hygienist.

As per Dental Council of India (DCI):

• A dental hygienist means a person not being a dentist or a medical

practitioner, who does oral prophylaxis, gives instructions in oral
hygiene, assists the dental surgeon in chair work & manages the
office.

• He/ she will work under the supervision of dental surgeon. 21

 DENTAL COUNCIL OF INDIA:

•Course of studies = 2 years

Countries where(qualification of the Dental Hygienist
hygienist works-
Certificate).
USA,
•Candidate = least 15 years of age or within 3 months from the time of
UK,
admission and should be medically fit.
Canada, exam.
•Candidate = passed at least matriculation
India,
FUNCTIONS
• Cleaning of mouths and Nigeria,
teeth with particular attention to calculus
and stains, China,
• Topical application of fluorides, sealants and other prophylactic
Japan,
solutions,
• Screening or preliminaryKorea and &
examination
• Instruction in oral hygiene.Poland
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 EXPANDED FUNCTION DENTAL AUXILIARY (EFDA)

• Expanded function dental assistant,

• Expanded function dental hygienists,

• Expanded function auxiliary,

• Technotherapist,

• Expanded duty dental auxiliary.

• Is a dental assistant or dental hygienist, who had received further

training in duties related to direct treatment of patients, though still
working under the direct supervision of a dentist.
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•They undertake reversible procedures.

FUNCTIONS

• Placing & removal of rubber dams,

• Placing & removal of temporary restorations,

• Placing & removal of matrix bands,

• Condensing & carving of amalgam restoration in previously

prepared teeth,

• Placing of acrylic restorations in previously prepared teeth and

• Applying the final finish & polish to the previously listed

restorations.
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• The first large scale service applications – Philadelphia
(TECHNOTHERAPISTS).

• Four levels of training and qualification were recognized:-

1. Certified dental assistant

2. Preventive dental assistant
3. Dental hygienist
4. Dental hygienist with expanded duties.

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1. Certified Dental Assistant: 8months duration (chair side
duties. Only intra oral duty- exposing radiographs)

2. Preventive Dental Assistant: Certified dental assistant.

– 3-6 week full time courses.

– Polish the coronal portions of the teeth without instrumentation,

– Make impressions for study models,

– Topically apply caries preventive agents,

– Place and remove rubber dams and

– Maintain patient’s oral hygiene.

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3. Dental Hygienist: Certified preventive dental
assistant.

– 8 months training program.

– Carry out scaling,

– Conducting preliminary examination of oral cavity including taking

case history, periodontal examination and recording clinical
findings.

– Provide complete prophylaxis, scaling, root planing and polishing

of fillings,

– Apply and remove periodontal pack and

– Apply fissure sealants.

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4. Dental Hygienist with expanded duties:
– Dental hygienist with 1 year’s practical experience.

– 4 months duration.

– Removing of sutures,

– Placing, finishing and polishing of sutures,

– Placing and removing matrix bands,

– Placing cavity liners,

– Retracting gingiva for impression making,

– Fitting and removing orthodontic bands,

– Separating of teeth prior to banding by a dentist,

– Cementing temporary crowns previously fitted by a dentist and

– Placing temporary fillings. 28

 DEGREES OF SUPERVISION (ADA)
• General

Dentist has authorized the procedures and are being carried out in
accordance to the diagnosis and treatment plan of the dentist

• Indirect

Dentist authorizes the procedures and remains in dental office while the
procedures are being performed

• Direct

Dentist does the diagnosis of the condition, personally authorizes the

procedure and evaluates the performance before dismissal of the patient

• Personal

Dentist is personally operating on a patient and authorizes the auxiliary to

aid treatment by concurrently performing supportive procedures
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