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ore
• The ore is put onto trucks
and trucked out of the
mine for processing
Underground/ Shaft Mining
• Used to get at ore deep in
the earth
• A SHAFT is drilled into the Surface of the Earth
earth at the edge of the
ore body
• Horizontal tunnels, called
ADITS or DRIFTS are dug Mining Shaft
into the body
– This is where the ore is
removed from
– The chamber at the end of
the adit is the STOPE Ore Body
• The rock in the stope is blasted apart with
explosives
– The debris is called MUCK
• The muck is transported to an ORE PASS
where it falls into a CRUSHER
• As the name implies, the crusher crushes the
ore into smaller pieces
• It is funnelled down another ore pass into a
SKIP where it is hoisted to the surface and
sent for processing
Label
the
Diagram
of a
Shaft
Mine
Processing Minerals
• Metallic mineral ore needs to be purified
before it is useful
• MILLING separates the mineral from the
majority of the waste
– Usually a physical procedure
• SMELTING involves heating the remainder
until the compounds separate. The metal will
generally sink to the bottom of the furnace,
where a tap will drain it off
Leftovers
• The waste material produced by mills and
smelters is called TAILINGS
• Tailings are often toxic, ugly or otherwise
difficult to deal with
• A HUGE issue facing the mining industry today
is how to safely get rid of the tailings
• What are some of the other issues the mining
industry must face?