ENGR 3215

SPRING 2019
PROFESSOR VAN SCOTER
LECTURE 1

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TEXTBOOK

• INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL, 7TH EDITION, DOUGLAS C.

MONTGOMERY, 2013, JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., NEW YORK
• 6TH EDITION AVAILABLE ONLINE AT
HTTP:DL4A.ORG/UPLOADS/PDF/581SPC.PDF (SEE LINK ON HUSKYCT COURSE
SYLLABUS) – VERIFY TEXTBOOK SECTIONS MATCH

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COURSE OBJECTIVES

1. TO FAMILIARIZE STUDENTS WITH THE NEED FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

2. TO UNDERSTAND THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF QUALITY MONITORING
3. TO UNDERSTAND THE STATISTICAL UNDERPINNING OF QUALITY MONITORING
4. TO LEARN VARIOUS AVAILABLE STATISTICAL TOOLS OF QUALITY MONITORING
5. TO LEARN PROCESS AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEM CAPABILITY ANALYSIS
6. TO INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO PROCESS DESIGN AND IMPROVEMENT

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COURSE TOPICS

• FUNDAMENTAL PROBABILITY (CH. 3) AND STATISTICS (CH. 4)

• STATISTICAL CONTROL METHODS (CH. 5)
• CONTROL CHARTS (CH. 6, 7)
• PROCESS CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT (CH. 8)
• BASIC DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS (CH. 13)
• ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING (CH. 15)
• PROCESS DESIGN AND IMPROVEMENT (CH. 1, 2)

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COURSE FEATURES

• THIS IS AN ENGINEERING COURSE, AND WILL INCLUDE CONCEPTS AND SOME MATH.
• ENGINEERING NEEDS MATH BECAUSE AS ENGINEERS, WE BASE DECISIONS ON DATA
• IN ENGINEERING, MATH ALWAYS COMES WITH TWO THINGS: ASSUMPTIONS AND
APPLICATION.

• BEFORE APPLYING ANY QUANTITATIVE CALCULATIONS, BE AWARE OF THE

ASSUMPTIONS BEHIND THE CURTAIN AND THE CORRESPONDING SCENARIOS TO APPLY
THEM.

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GRADING

• 3 EXAMS (20 PTS EACH) 60

• HW/QUIZZES 25
• QUALITY REPORT 15
100

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7TH EDITION CHAPTER 1

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 1.2, PP16-17

AFTER CAREFUL STUDY OF THE ASSIGNED CHAPTER SECTIONS, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO DO THE
FOLLOWING:

• DEFINE AND DISCUSS QUALITY AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

• DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY

• DISCUSS THE DRIVER FOR THE INCREASE IN QUALITY CONTROL

• DISCUSS THE ROLE THAT VARIABILITY AND STATISTICAL METHODS PLAY IN CONTROLLING AND
IMPROVING QUALITY

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WHAT IS QUALITY: DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY (FOR
AN ITEM)

• PERFORMANCE • AESTHETICS
• RELIABILITY • FEATURES
• DURABILITY • PERCEIVED QUALITY
• SERVICEABILITY • CONFORMANCE TO STANDARDS

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DESCRIPTIONS OF EACH QUALITY DIMENSION

• PERFORMANCE – WILL THE PRODUCT DO THE INTENDED JOB?

• RELIABILITY – HOW OFTEN DOES THE PRODUCT FAIL?

• DURABILITY – HOW LONG DOES THE PRODUCT LAST?

• SERVICEABILITY – HOW EASY IS IT TO REPAIR THE PRODUCT?

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DESCRIPTIONS OF EACH QUALITY DIMENSION

• AESTHETICS – WHAT DOES THE PRODUCT LOOK LIKE?

• FEATURES – WHAT DOES THE PRODUCT DO?

• PERCEIVED QUALITY – WHAT IS THE REPUTATION OF THE COMPANY OR ITS

PRODUCT?

• CONFORMANCE TO STANDARDS – IS THE PRODUCT MADE EXACTLY AS THE

DESIGNER INTENDED?
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DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY (SERVICE
ORGANIZATION)

• RESPONSIVENESS – HOW LONG DID IT TAKE THE SERVICE PROVIDER TO

RESPOND TO YOUR REQUEST FOR SERVICE?

• PROFESSIONALISM – DOES THE SERVICE PROVER HAVE THE KNOWLEDGE

AND SKILLS, AND COMPETENCY TO SUPPLY THE SERVICE?

• ATTENTIVENESS – DOES THE SERVICE PROVIDER DEMONSTRATE CARING

AND PERSONALIZED ATTENTION?

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DEFINITIONS OF QUALITY

• FITNESS FOR USE – TRADITIONAL DEFINITION OF QUALITY

• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF QUALITY – QUALITY OF DESIGN & QUALITY OF

CONFORMANCE

• QUALITY IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO VARIABILITY – MODERN DEFINITION

OF QUALITY

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QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

• THE REDUCTION OF VARIABILITY IN PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS

• AN EQUIVALENT DEFINITION IS THAT QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IS THE

ELIMINATION OF WASTE. THIS IS USEFUL IN SERVICE OR
TRANSACTIONAL BUSINESSES.

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 QUALITY ENGINEERING TERMINOLOGY QUALITY
CHARACTERISTICS

QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OR CRITICAL-TO-QUALITY PARAMETERS

1. PHYSICAL – LENGTH, WEIGHT, VOLTAGE, VISCOSITY

2. SENSORY – TASTE, APPEARANCE, COLOR
3. TIME ORIENTATION – RELIABILITY, DURABILITY, SERVICEABILITY

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APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO
QUALITY ENGINEERING

• VARIABILITY CAN ONLY BE DESCRIBED IN STATISTICAL TERMS

• THERE IS ATTRIBUTE AND VARIABLE DATA CLASSIFICATIONS OF
QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
• VARIABLES ARE USUALLY CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENTS, SUCH AS LENGTH

• ATTRIBUTES ARE USUALLY DISCRETE DATA, SUCH AS COUNTS

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WHAT IS QUALITY ENGINEERING

• SET OF OPERATIONAL, MANAGERIAL, AND ENGINEERING

ACTIVITIES THAT A COMPANY USES TO THE QUALITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF A PRODUCT ARE AT THE MINIMAL OR
REQUIRED LEVELS AND THAT THE VARIABILITY AROUND THESE
DESIRED LEVELS IS MINIMUM.

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WHAT IS VARIABILITY AND WHERE DOES IT COME
FROM

• VARIABILITY IS THE NON-IDENTICAL NATURE OF ITEMS/PROCESSES,

ETC.
• SLIGHT VARIATIONS IN THICKNESS

• SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF A MATERIAL

• SLIGHT DIFFERENCE IN COOKING TEMPERATURE
• ETC.
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WHEN SHOULD WE WORRY ABOUT QUALITY

• QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS ARE OFTEN EVALUATED RELATIVE TO

SPECIFICATIONS

• THE SPECIFICATION IS THE DESIRED MEASUREMENT FOR THE QUALITY

CHARACTERISTICS, AND ARE USUALLY THE RESULT OF THE ENGINEERING DESIGN
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCT

• NONCONFORMING PRODUCTS ARE THOSE THAT FAIL TO MEET ONE OR MORE

OF THESE SPECIFICATIONS, AND ARE CONSIDERED DEFECTIVE

• DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS ARE A WASTE OF MATERIALS/LABOR AND REDUCE

COMPANY PROFIT 19
WHERE SHOULD WE WORRY ABOUT QUALITY

• DURING THE DESIGN OF A PRODUCT; “OVER-THE-WALL” APPROACH DOES NOT

CONSIDER THE INHERENT VARIABILITY THAT EXIST IN MATERIALS, PROCESSES AND
OTHER PARTS OF THE SYSTEM – QUALITY OF DESIGN
• DURING THE FABRICATION OF THE PRODUCT OR DURING THE PROCESS, ARE THE
TOOLS, FIXTURES, MEASUREMENTS CALIBRATED TO MAINTAIN THE REQUIRED
TOLERANCES, DOES THE PRODUCT MEET ITS DESIGN SPECIFICATION – QUALITY
OF CONFORMANCE
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WHY SHOULD WE WORRY ABOUT QUALITY
• QUALITY HAS ALWAYS BEEN AN INTEGRAL PART OF VIRTUALLY ALL PRODUCTS
AND SERVICES

• HOWEVER, AWARENESS OF QUALITY HAS BEEN AN EVOLUTIONARY

DEVELOPMENT

• IN THE LATE 1970S OR EARLY 1980S, JAPANESE COMPETITORS THAT HAD BEEN
CONCERNED WITH QUALITY NEGATIVELY IMPACTED THE AMERICAN
MANUFACTURERS

• THE ADOPTION AND USE OF STATISTICAL METHODS PLAYED A CENTRAL ROLE IN

THE RE-EMERGENCE OF U.S. INDUSTRY
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HOW DO WE ENSURE QUALITY (QUALITY MGMT)

• QUALITY PLANNING – INVOLVES IDENTIFYING EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CUSTOMERS, AND

IDENTIFYING THEIR NEEDS (VOC)

• QUALITY ASSURANCE – THE SET OF ACTIVITIES THAT ENSURE THE QUALITY LEVELS OF PRODUCTS
OR SERVICES ARE PROPERLY MAINTAINED AND THAT SUPPLIER AND CUSTOMER QUALITY ISSUES
ARE PROPERLY RESOLVED

• QUALITY CONTROL AND IMPROVEMENT – THE SET OF ACTIVITIES USED TO ENSURE THAT THE
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES MEET REQUIREMENTS AND ARE IMPROVED ON A CONTINUOUS BASIS

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STATISTICAL TOPICS TO REVIEW TO PREPARE FOR
COURSE

• POPULATION AND SAMPLE

• MEAN, VARIANCE, STANDARD DEVIATION
• MEDIUM, QUARTILE, PERCENTILE
• CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
• HYPOTHESIS TESTING
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MATH TOPICS TO REVIEW TO PREPARE FOR
COURSE

• COMBINATION, PERMUTATION, MULTIPLICATION RULE

• RANDOM VARIABLE

• BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
• POISSON DISTRIBUTION

• NORMAL (GAUSSIAN) DISTRIBUTION

• EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION

• PROBABILITY MASS/DENSITY FUNCTION

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