Basic knowledge on LTE

Radio Access Network Deployment

16-Oct-2013
Topics

Introduction to LTE

Technology Evolution and Roadmap

LTE Evolution Paths

LTE Benefits/improvements over other Technology

LTE technology different mode

Architecture

LTE Equipment

LTE and Wimax

LTE and WiMAX Co-existance

ARAFAT/RAN
What is LTE?

 LTE is a standard for wireless data communications technology and an

evolution of the GSM/UMTS standards. Long Term Evolution(LTE) is the
latest step in moving forward from the cellular 3G services(e.g. GSM to
UMTS to HSPA to LTE or CDMA to LTE) and WiMAX. LTE is based on
standards developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
LTE may also be referred more formally as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network(E-
UTRAN).

 In Nov. 2004, 3GPP began a project to define the long-term evolution (LTE)
of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) cellular technology
Higher performance (Capacity, Latency, Throughput)
Backwards compatible (compatibility with GSM/UMTS or HSPA or WiMAX)
Wide application

ARAFAT/RAN
LTE Evolution

802.16m

802.16d/e

• LTE (3.9G) :
3GPP release
LTE-
LTE (3.9G) :
Advanced :
3GPP
3GPP

8~9 release 10+

release 8~9

• LTE-Advanced :
3GPP 4
release
Mobile Communication Revolution

2G
•Digital Modulation
•Circuit switching & Packet
1G switching both
•Seamless mobility (HO)
•Analog Modulation
•Peak data transfer rate 384
•Only Voice service Kbps
•No HO •GSM, CDMA IS-95
•AMPS, TACS
4G
•Adaptive Modulation
•All-IP Convergence
3G •Peak TP 1Gbps
•WiMAX 16m, LTE,LTE
•Digital Modulation
Advanced
•Circuit switching & Packet
switching both
•Seamless mobility (HO)
•Move towards All IP network
•Peak TP 42 Mbps (HSPA+)
•WCDMA, HSPA
LTE Evolution paths:

6
LTE Key Features(Release 8~9):

 High spectral efficiency

• OFDM in Downlink
• Single‐Carrier FDMA in Uplink
 Very low latency
• Short setup time & Short transfer delay
• Short hand over latency and interruption time
 Support of variable bandwidth
• 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
 Compatibility and interworking with earlier 3GPP Releases
 FDD and TDD within a single radio access technology
 Efficient Multicast/Broadcast

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LTE Basic Concepts

LTE employs Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiple Access (OFDMA) for downlink data
transmission and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)
for uplink transmission.

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LTE Basic technology: OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing is an advanced form of Frequency
Division Multiplexing(FDM) where frequencies are orthogonal to each other and
their spectra overlap with the neighboring carriers. As shown in the subcarriers
never over in FDM. In contrast to FDM, PFDM is based on the principles of
overlapping orthogonal subcarriers.

ARAFAT/RAN
OFDM

ARAFAT/RAN
OFDM

Improved spectral efficiency

Reduce ISI effect by

multipath

Against frequency selective

fading

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LTE Uplink (SC-FDMA)

 SC-FDMA is a new single carrier multiple access technique which has

similar structure and performance to OFDMA

A salient
advantage of
SC-FDMA over
OFDM is low to
Peak to Average
Power Ratio
(PAPR) :
Increasing
battery life

12
LTE different duplex mode: TDD &FDD
Overview of FDD&TDD Technology
LTE has two different duplex mode for separating the transmission direction from the user
to the base station and back: frequency division duplex(FDD) and time division
duplex(TDD).
 In the case of FDD, the downlink and uplink are transmitted using different frequencies.
 In TDD mode downlink and uplink are in the same frequency and separation occurs in
the time domain, so the each direction in a call is assigned to specific timeslots.

ARAFAT/RAN
TDD &FDD: Commonalities and differences:

ARAFAT/RAN
LTE Network Architecture
• Main Network Element of LTE
– The E-UTRAN consists of e-NodeBs, providing the
user plane and control plane.
– The EPC consists of MME, S-GW and P-GW.
 Network Interface of LTE
 The e-NodeBs are interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface, which enabling direct
transmission of data and signaling.
 S1 is the interface between e-NodeBs and the EPC, more specifically to the MME via the S1-MME and to the
S-GW via the S1-U
RRC: Radio Resource Control
EPC PDCP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol
RLC: Radio Link Control
MME / S-GW MME / S-GW MAC: Medium Access Control
PHY: Physical layer
EPC: Evolved Packet Core
MME: Mobility Management Entity
S1

S1

S-GW: Serving Gateway

P-GW: PDN Gateway
S1

S1

X2 E-UTRAN
eNB eNB
X2

X2

eNB

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LTE and Wimax features:

16
LTE and Wimax: differences

17
LTE -WiMAX: Coexistence

A A A A
n n n n
t t t t
HUAWEI e e e e OTHER
n n n n
n n n n VENDOR
a a a a

RRU RRU RRU

WiMax
CPRI Cable
LTE CPRI
Cable

WiMax BBBI WiMax

Card BMPT Card
iManager
LTE BBBI LTE BMPT M2000
Card Card

Fig: Combined & Separate LTE Network with WiMax

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LTE -WiMAX: Coexistence: Solution required from Vendor
HUAWEI

 Minimum change required to convert a WiMax BTS

to LTE BTS.
 LTE card supportive to Current BBU
 Complicacy with existing antenna & RRU.
 Change required in other nodes(M2000, ASN GW).
 WiMax software version compatibility… Any patch
required.
 LTE license compatibility with our existing system.
 Single GPS serve as a clock source for both WiMax
and LTE networks. Central clock server.
 Same RRU supports both networks. Physical
connectivity.

OTHER VENDOR
 LTE card supportive to current BBU.
 Complicacy with antenna & RRU.
 WiMax software version compatibility… Any patch
Scenario-1. required.
Only product change/ add in current  Change required in other nodes(M2000, ASN GW).
 Single GPS serve as a clock source for both WiMax
network. and LTE networks. Central clock server.
LTE –WiMAX Coexistence: Solution required from Vendor
Scenario-2.
Full BS deploy on current network
Scenario-3.
Full BS deploy on separate network
HUAWEI
 Necessary Equipment for LTE access network.
 Product specifications (L*W*H & weight) and power
consumption.
 Possible configuration(2T2R, 4T4R,8T8R)
 Change required in other nodes(M2000, ASN GW).
 WiMax software version compatibility. Any patch
required.
 LTE license compatibility
 GPS mandatory for each site. Central clock server.
OTHER VENDOR
 Necessary Equipment for LTE access network.
 Product specifications (L*W*H & weight) and power
consumption.
 Possible configuration(2T2R, 4T4R,8T8R)
 Change required in other nodes(M2000, ASN GW).
 WiMax software version compatibility. Any patch
required.
 LTE license compatibility.
 GPS mandatory for each site. Central clock server.
LTE -WiMAX: Coexistence

Scenario 1: WiMAX & LTE deployment in same site

Additional equipment requirement
Handover & authentication method
Coverage & capacity impact
WiMAX & LTE configuration in same network with same spectrum (30MHz);
Any successful case study
Scenario 2: LTE Cluster & WiMAX Cluster border traffic management
Uninterrupted Handover
Frequency & Interference management (same BW for both network)
Any other major challenges
Any successful case study
Scenario 3: TDD-FDD configuration in same site(Example:Out of 3 cell 1 cell=TDD & the rest of 2 cell=FDD)
Additional equipment requirement
Handover & authentication method
Coverage & capacity impact
Thank You…