Foundation of individual

behavior
 INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

“Individual behavior means some concrete action by a person.”

For instance, how a teacher behaves in the class reflects his behavior. The behavior
of an individual is influenced by various factors.

Some of the factors lies within him e.g., his instincts, personality
traits, internal feelings, etc., while some lie outside him comprising the external
environment of which he is a part e.g., events conveying some information, & other
peoples’ behavior that directly influence his behavior etc.

The environment acts as a ‘stimulus’ & the person

responds to it. The teacher is affected by students’ behavior & in turn affects their
behavior. Thus, individual behavior is not a self-induced phenomenon, but is
affected by a larger system. For Ex: group, family, & the society within which one
functions.
 Factors Influencing Individual Behavior
 Personality
 Ability
 Perception
 Motivation
 Organizational Factors
 Socio-Culture Factor

Foundation Of Individual Behavior

 Personal Factors
 Environmental Factors
 Organizational Factors
 psychological Factors
 Psychological
Personal Factors Personality
Age Perception
Sex Attitudes
Education Values
Abilities Learning
Marital status
No. of dependants
Creativity
Emotional intelligence

Individual
Behaviour

Organisational
Systems & Resources Environmental Factors
Physical facilities
Economic
Organisation structure & design
Social norms & cultural values
Leadership
Ethics & social responsibility
Reward system
Political
Work – related behavior

Foundation of Individual Behavior

 Ability
“An Individual’s capacity to perform various tasks in a
job”
 Types of abilities
Intellectual abilities
abilities needed to perform mental activities for
thinking reasoning and problem solving.
“Dimensions of intellectual ability”
Number aptitude Verbal comprehension Perceptual speed

Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spatial visualization

 Physical abilities

The capacity to do tasks that demand stamina ,

dexterity, strength and similar characteristics
 Basic physical abilities
Strength factors
Dynamic strength Trunk strength

Static strength Explosive strength

Flexibility factors :
Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility

Other factors
Body coordination Balance Stamina
 Biographical characteristics
Age
• Most of us belief that job performance declines with age
• The older you get the less likely you quit your job
• Age is inversely related to absenteeism
 Gender
• Women perform as well as on job as men do
• Women have higher rate of absenteeism then men
• Women are likely to perform double duties
• There is no differences in male and female regarding problem
solving, competitive drive, motivation, stability or learning ability
 Race
• People in organization may favor employees of their own race
• On the basis of race people some times got lower ratings in
interview, paid less and promoted less frequently
 Social group
• Percentage of seats are reserved for individuals to specified
categories
• Preference is given according to person’s caste and tribes
• religion and domicile are also taken in consideration.
 Other biographical characteristics

Tenure
• It is expressed as work experience and predict employ
productivity
• It explains turnover
• The longer a person is in a job the less likely he or she will
quit
Religion
• Religion is a touchy subject
• Often people of different religious faiths conflicts
• In some countries law prohibits employers from
discriminating against employers based on their religion

Sexual orientation and gender identity

• Dealing with transgender employees requires some special

consideration
• Many employers practice don’t ask don’t tell military policy