Project Seminar On

Smooth Start Of Single Phase Induction Motor

Submitted by
1)____________________ 2)_____________________
3)____________________ 4)_____________________
5)____________________ 6)_____________________

H.O.D. GUIDED BY
_______________________ ________________________
CONTENTS :-
1) Abstract

2) Introduction

3) Block Diagram

4) Methodology

5) Hardware/Components

6) Applications

7) Advantages

8) Future Scope

9) References
ABSTRACT :-
The project is designed to provide protection to induction motor, by applying voltage
gradually from low to high for smooth start. Induction motor during the initial starting condition
takes up much larger current than its capacity. This leads to motor instantly catching the speed
resulting in high mechanical stress and also causing some damage to the motor windings.
Sometimes the windings may also get burnt. Smooth start to the induction motor is based on the
SCR firing angle control principle.
INTRODUCTION :-
This project consists of a two anti-parallel SCR’s connected in series with an induction
motor to the supply. At the time of start the firing angle is heavily delayed by received delayed
pulses from an operational amplifier. The op-amp operates in comparator mode which compares
zero voltage pulses to develop a saw-tooth voltage. This waveform is further compared against a
varying voltage by charging and discharging of the capacitor to develop delayed pulses for
triggering the SCRs.
Further the project can be enhanced by using six SCRs, two connected in back to
back for each phase.
BLOCK DIAGRAM :-
METHODOLOGY :-
During initial conditions, it takes up larger current than its capacity. This leads the
motor capture the speed resulting into mechanical stress and also causing some damage to the
motor windings. Sometimes the windings may also get burnt. Smooth start to the induction motor
is based on the SCR firing angle control principle.
This project consists of a two SCR’s which are anti-parallel and are further
connected in series with an induction motor to the supply. So from that starting point of time, the
angle which is called the firing angle is heavily delayed by received delayed pulses from an
operational amplifier. The op-amp operates in comparator mode which compares zero voltage
pulses to develop a saw-tooth voltage. This waveform is further compared against a varying
voltage by charging and discharging of the capacitor to develop delayed pulses for triggering the
SCRs.
HARDWARE/COMPONENT :-
1. Op-amp
2. Opto-isolators
3. SCRs
4. Voltage Regulator
5. Transformer
6. Diodes
7. LED
8. Resistors
9. Capacitors
10. Lamp/
Applications :-
These are main applications of Smooth Start of a Single Phase Induction Motor

• Steel industries (Rolling mills and processing lines)

• Cement industries

• Textile industries

• Machine tool applications

• Power sector
Advantages :-
 Vast improvement in efficiency relative to the primary resistance starter.

 Durability.

 Ease of operation.

 Lightweight, Compact Unit.

 Speed Variation.
FUTURE SCOPE :-
Further the project can be enhanced by using six SCRs, two connected in back to
back for each phase for three phase induction motor.
references :-
[1] Chint. (2001-2012). Retrieved from Yesss Electrical : https://www.yesss.co.uk/chint-3-polecontactor-15kw-ac1-50a-ac3-32a-230v-415v-
p4998
[2] Cutler-Hammer. (n.d.). Retrieved from z-Learning 101 - Basics of Motor Control Starters
[3] Design Guide for Rectifier Use. (n.d.). Retrieved from Power: www.hammondmfg.com
[4] ebay. ( 1995-2016). Retrieved from http://www.ebay.com/itm/Aftermarket-TelemecaniqueLR2-D1321-Thermal-Overload-Relay-12-18-
0A-/301023527404
[5] electrical4u. (2011-2016). electrical4u.com. Retrieved from http://www.electrical4u.com/electrical-motor-types-classification-and-
history-of-motor/
[6] Laukkonen, J. (2013, OCTOBER 1). Retrieved from crankSHIFT: http://www.crankshift.com/history-starter-motor/
[7] Mehta, V. (2002). Principles of Electrical Machines-.
[8] Rockwell Automation AG. (1997). Retrieved from Rockwell
Automationfile:///C:/Users/shiko/Pictures/Basics_practical_operationMotor_protection.pdf
[9] Unit 17 Motor Control. (n.d.). In NEC, MOTOR CONTROL (pp. 341-350).