CONDITIONALS

XPLORE 11
Unit 2.5. The Power of Advertising
Unit 4.6. Beyond Stereotypes

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 MAIN CLAUSE The ad campaign works

Present Simple

if more and more consumers

IF-CLAUSE
buy the product.

Present Simple

ZERO CONDITIONAL – expresses

certainty / factual situations
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 If consumers reject the message
IF-CLAUSE
of an ad,
Present Simple

MAIN CLAUSE the campaign will fail its aim.

Future

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1 – expresses

possible situations
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 MAIN CLAUSE What would happen

Conditional

if advertising was banned*? IF-CLAUSE

Past Simple
* Passive form

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2 – expresses

improbable situations
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 If the UN hadn't adopted the
IF-CLAUSE
Declaration of Human Rights,
* Passive form
Past Perfect

there would have been a much

MAIN CLAUSE
higher violation of people's rights.

Conditional Perfect

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3 – expresses

unreal situations
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 Conditional Type Zero
IF + Present Simple , Present Simple

Conditional Type 1
IF + Present Simple , Future

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 They’re going to lose the next advertising
campaign if they don’t change the team

Conditional Type 2
IF + Past Simple , Conditional

Conditional Type 3
IF + Past Perfect , Conditional Perfect

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 Conditional sentences
• Conditional clauses are normally used when we talk
about a possible situation, both in the past and in the
future.

• Although there are many clauses which fit the 1, 2, 3

conditional patterns, there are many which do not.

• If is not the only word we can use to introduce

conditional sentences. The most common alternative
to if is whether but if is more frequent than whether.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 They’re going to lose the next advertising
campaign if they don’t change the team

Unless they change the team, they’re

going to lose the next campaign.
Conditional sentences – If and unless
• Often when we are talking about present situations,
we use unless instead of if...not.

• Unless means except if or simply it means if...not.

Both of these examples have the same meaning and
refer to the present time.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 Now Practise!

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 Complete the sentences with the correct
verb tense. (type 0/1/2)
didn’t exist (not/exist), consumers
1. If advertising _____________
would be less informed about their choices.
are / will be
2. If we watch TV commercials, we _______________
(be) exposed to their creativity and art work.
wouldn’t be (not/be) so weary of advertising
3. We _______________
if ads weren’t so exaggerated.
believe (believe) everything adverts say,
4. If we ____________
we are easily deceived.
would stop (stop) earning
5. Advertising agencies _______________
millions if their work failed its goals.
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 B. Rewrite the sentences as suggested
below. (type 0/1/2)

1. Advertising is so trivial that we don’t think about its

impact on our decisions.
We would think...
about the advertising impact on our
decisions if it wasn’t so trivial.
2. Try this chocolate! You’ll crave for more!
If you try...

this chocolate, you will crave for more.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 3. Consumers need to be more critical so as not to
be tricked into bad deals.
Unless consumers are...

more critical, they will be tricked into

bad deals.

4. Many people show a deep desire to buy things so

they are vulnerable to advertising.
People wouldn’t be...

so vulnerable to advertising if they didn’t

show a deep desire to buy things.
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 Complete the sentences with the correct
verb tense.
1. If there was no violence in Northern Africa, people
wouldn’t be (not/be) forced to leave their countries.
_____________

are
2. If you ____________ (be) a target of discrimination,
you can ask for help and legal support.

would have stopped (stop) by now

3. Discrimination ____________________
if governments had had much stricter legislation.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 will feel
4. Ethnic minorities ________________ (feel)
discriminated against if media networks continue
stereotyping them.

didn’t give in (not/give in) to

5. If teenagers ______________
peer pressure, they would behave more fairly.

had broadcast (broadcast) a fair

6. If the media _______________
vision of Africa, we wouldn’t have created these
stereotypes.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 B. Rewrite the sentences as suggested
below.
1. The Declaration of Human Rights was created because
people’s basic rights were violated during WWII.
If people's basic rights hadn't been...
violated, the Declaration of Human
Rights wouldn’t have been created.
2. Unless governments respect minorities’ rights, the
United Nations will sanction them.
The United Nations will sanction governments...
if they don’t respect minorities’
rights.
Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa
 3. Racial segregation in southern U.S. was banned
thanks to the demands of the Civil Rights Movement.
If the Civil Rights Movement hadn’t demanded it, ...
racial segregation in southern U.S.
wouldn’t have been banned.

4. Prejudice exists because it is the result of a

misguided perception of our multicultural world.
If people didn’t have...
a misguided perception of our multicultural
world, prejudice wouldn’t exist.

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa

 Further Practice!

Conditionals / If-Clauses Quiz 1

Conditionals / If-Clauses Quiz 2

Teresa Pinto de Almeida ▪ Paula M. Araújo ▪ Telma Coelho de Sousa