MOVEMENT OF THE AIRCRAFT

English Technique Team

 ACTIVITY 1

Read and understand the text carefully.

 An aircraft in flight is free to rotate in three
dimensions: pitch (nose up or down); yaw (nose
left or right); and roll (rotation).
The axes are alternatively designated as lateral,
vertical, and longitudinal. These axes move with the
vehicle and rotate relative to the Earth along with
the craft.
On an aircraft, these are intentionally produced by
means of moving control surfaces.
Elevators (moving flaps on the horizontal tail)
produce pitch, a rudder on the vertical tail produces
yaw, and ailerons (flaps on the wings that move in
opposing directions) produce roll.
 VERTICAL AXIS (YAW)

The yaw axis has its origin at the center of gravity

and is directed towards the bottom of the aircraft,
perpendicular to the wings and to the fuselage
reference line. Motion about this axis is called yaw.
The rudder is the primary control of yaw.
 LATERAL AXIS (PITCH)

The pitch axis (also called lateral or transverse axis.

has its origin at the center of gravity and is directed
to the right, parallel to a line drawn from wingtip to
wingtip. Motion about this axis is called pitch. The
elevators are the primary control of pitch.
 LONGITUDINAL AXIS (ROLL)

The roll axis (or longitudinal axis) has its origin at

the center of gravity and is directed forward,
parallel to the fuselage reference line. Motion about
this axis is called roll. An angular displacement about
this axis is called bank. A positive rolling motion lifts
the left wing and lowers the right wing. The pilot
rolls by increasing the lift on one wing and
decreasing it on the other. The Aileron are the
primary control of Roll
ACTIVITY 2

Follow after your teacher.

 TERMINOLOGIES

• Rolling Motion • Yawing Motion • Pitching Motion • Perpendicular

• Aileron • Rudder • Elevator • Parallel
• Longitudinal Axis • Vertical Axis • Lateral Axis • Descent and Climb
• Stick Control • Rudder Pedal • Stick Control • Flap
 ACTIVITY 3

Discuss the meaning with your friends with the help of the
teacher.
 TERMINOLOGIES

• Rolling Motion • Yawing Motion • Pitching Motion • Perpendicular

• Aileron • Rudder • Elevator • Parallel
• Longitudinal Axis • Vertical Axis • Lateral Axis • Descent and Climb
• Stick Control • Rudder Pedal • Stick Control • Flap
 ACTIVITY 4

Answer these question based on the material given.

1. What the movement of the plane as climb and
descent is called ?
2. What the movement of the aircraft of turning to
the left or the right is called ?
3. What do we name the aircraft movement of
rolling to the left or to the right? what axis for this
movement around?
4. What axis that has its origin at the center of
gravity and is directed towards the bottom of the
aircraft?
5. What is the primary control of pitch?
6. What is the primary control of Yaw?
7. What is the primary control of Roll?
 ACTIVITY 5

Read and act the dialogue out.

Sam and his son Jimmy are talking about flying lessons that
Jimmy has received during his pilot study in one of civil
aviation schools.

Sam: What will you do when you are going to land the plane?
Jimmy: I will reduce the height, position the flap into down position,
and ensure that the landing gear lock down.
Sam : Good, and when you want to change the Heading, what will
you do?
Jimmy : I will use rudder pedals and stick control to move rudder
and aileron simultaneously, after getting the direction that I want, I
will restore the position of Rudder and Aileron in neutral position as
l got a straight flight level.
Sam : Well, I think you are wise enough to fly the plane. Good luck,
son.
Jimmy : As you wish Dad. Thank you.