Plain and

Reinforced
Concrete
(Specifications)

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Coverage
 Introduction

01 Purpose

02 Scope

 References

03 Industry Codes and Standards

 Requirements

04 General

05 Materials

06 Execution
Introduction
 This Practice provides
requirements for cast-in-place
concrete construction.

Purpose
 This Practice describes the
technical requirements for
furnishing and installing materials
and for proportioning, mixing,
placing, testing, and curing of plain
and reinforced concrete.

Scope
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI)
– ACI 117- Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials
– ACI 211.1- Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
– ACI 301.05- Specifications for Structural Concrete
– ACI 302.1R- Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction
– ACI 304R- Guide for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting, and Placing Concrete
– ACI 304.2R- Placing Concrete by Pumping Methods
– ACI 306.1- Standard Specification for Cold Weather Concreting
– ACI 308R- Guide to Curing Concrete

ASTM International (ASTM)

– ASTM C33 - Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates
– ASTM C150 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement

Industry Codes and Standards

Requirements
 General
A written quality control program
and inspection procedures
document shall be submitted to
the purchaser for approval.
Samples for testing shall be obtained in
accordance with ACI 301. The rate of
sampling shall be in accordance with
ACI 301:
For each concrete sample obtained, the
following tests shall be conducted in
accordance with ACI 301:
a. Strength tests
b. Slump
c. Temperature
d. Air content
Concrete quality assurance test
reports shall be provided to the
purchaser weekly. Data in the test
report shall include, but not be
limited to, the following:
Materials
 General
• Materials that are not in accordance with this Practice
or the contract documents shall not be permitted.

Cementitious Materials
• Portland cement shall be in accordance with ASTM
C150, Type I or Type II.

Admixtures
• All admixtures, except air entrainment admixtures, shall
require the engineer of record’s authorization for use.
• Only one manufacturer for each admixture shall be
used.
• Calcium chloride and admixtures containing soluble
Add Text
chlorides shall not be permitted.
Simple
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• Aggregate shall be obtained from a single source.
 Reinforcement
• Reinforcing bars shall be deformed billet steel in
accordance with ASTM A615/A615M, grade 60.
Add Text • All reinforcing shall be uncoated.
Simple • Welded wire fabric shall be plain wire fabric.
PowerPoint • Tie wire shall be black annealed wire, 16 gage
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minimum.

Water
• Water used for mixing water, ice, curing, or any other
function relating to placement of concrete shall be
potable.
• Wash water from mixer washout operations shall not be
used as mixing water.
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Execution
 Storage, handling, measuring, mixing,
transporting, and placing of concrete
materials shall follow the methods and
General means outlined in ACI 304R and comply
with manufacturer’s recommendation for
handling, storage, and protection.
 • 3/4-inch (20-millimeter) chamfer strips shall be
provided at all corners on permanently
exposed surfaces

• Form removal shall be in accordance with ACI

301.

Formwork • Form accessories that remain embedded in the

concrete (e.g., ties and hangers) shall be a
commercially manufactured type.

• Formwork for column and wall shall be provided

with adequate cleanout openings to permit
inspection and easy cleaning after reinforcement
has been placed.
 Detailing and Fabrication
1. Drawings and schedules shall show number,
grade, size, length, mark, location, and bending
diagrams for reinforcing bars.

2. Splices in reinforcement shall be detailed,

fabricated, and located as shown on the drawings
only.
Reinforcing and
Embedment 3. Fabrication drawings shall indicate the related PO
number, release number, and design drawing
number.

4. Reinforcement shall be tagged with weather-

resistant metal tags.
 Detailing and Fabrication
5. Each bundle of fabricated bars shall be
tagged. The tags shall indicate drawing number,
release number, mark number, grade, bar
quantity, and bar size.
6. Each bundle of stock-length straight bars shall be
tagged to indicate bar quantity, grade, bar size, and
bar length.
Reinforcing and
Embedment
 Installation
1. Embedded aluminum items shall not be
permitted.

2. Anchor bolts, anchors, inserts, sleeves, drains,

curb and seat angles, nosing, and other embedded
items shall be installed before placing concrete.
Welding of these items to the reinforcing bars shall
Reinforcing and not be permitted.
Embedment 3. Anchor bolt threads shall be protected from damage
and kept free of concrete.

4. Anchor bolt sleeves shall be capped or plugged to keep

out water, concrete, and debris.

5. Reinforcing bars shall be spliced in accordance with the

design drawings only.
 Tolerances

Embedment shall be installed in accordance with

Reinforcing and the tolerances shown in table below. The term
“bolt group” used in Table 1 is defined as the set
Embedment of anchor bolts for a single fabricated steel
shipping piece, or a single piece of equipment or
skid.
Tolerances for Embedments
Measurement Tolerance
Anchor bolt projection + 1/4 inch (6 mm), – 0.00 inch (0 mm)

01 02
Center of bolt group + or – 1/4 inch (6 mm)
Center to center of any two + or – 1/8 inch (3 mm)

S
anchor bolts within a bolt group
W
Center to center between bolt + or – 1/4 inch (6 mm)
groups
Anchor bolt plumbness 1/8 inch in 3 feet (4 mm in 1 meter)

O
Plate insert horizontal and vertical
location
T
+ or – 1/4 inch (6 mm) horizontal and
+ or – 1/32 inch (1 mm) vertical

03 04
 Proportioning and Mixing

The minimum 28-day compressive strength, fc,

shall be in accordance with the contract
documents.

• If high early-strength concrete is specified, compressive

strength shall be 7-day strength.
Reinforcing and
Embedment • The maximum size of coarse aggregate in concrete
shall be in accordance with ACI 301 and shall not be
greater than the sizes shown in the table in the next
slide.
Size of Coarse Aggregates
Type of Construction Maximum Size

Slabs and walls less than 8 inches thick 3/4 inch (20 mm)
01 02
Lightweight concrete 3/4 inch (20mm)

Liquid retaining structures 3/4 inch (20 mm)

S
Underground pipe or electrical encasements W 3/4 inch (20 mm)

Structures (beam and column construction) 3/4 inch (20 mm)

O
Fireproofing or structural steel encasements
T 3/8 inch (10 mm)

All other items 1-1/2 inch (40 mm)

03 04
 Placing of Concrete

• Concrete delivery tickets shall be maintained as a

record for ready mixed concrete.
• Concrete that has achieved initial set or has been
contaminated by foreign matter shall not be deposited
in the structure.
• Retempering or addition of water after concrete is first
Reinforcing and mixed shall not be permitted.
Embedment • Materials and equipment for protection and curing shall
be operational at the placement site before placement
begins.
• The interval between concrete deliveries shall be such
that no more than 20 minutes interruptions elapse
during placement of a single foundation or slab.

• Discharge of the concrete shall be completed within 45

minutes after the introduction of the mixing water to the
cement and aggregates or the introduction of the
cement to the aggregates
Recommended Slumps for Various
Types of Construction (SI)
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Dowel size and spacing for round,
square, and rectangular dowels
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