Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
2 The Circulatory
System
What is the use of circulatory
system?
a. Erythrocytes c. Leucocytes
b. Platelets/Thrombocytes
Cellular components of the
blood
a. Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Biconcave shape (thinner at the centre than
at the edge)
Does not have a nucleus
7.5 micrometre (μm) in diameter
Biconcave shape and small size provides
large surface area to volume
Function – helps in gaseous exchange
Contains haemoglobin (oxygen carrying
protein pigment) which give the red colour
Haemoglobin contains haem group which
contain iron atom the site of oxygen
binding
Lifespan – 120 days, destroyed in liver and
spleen, manufactured in bone morrow
b. Leucocytes (white blood cells)
Colourless and have a nucleus
Larger than red blood cells
Classified into 2 types:
1. Granulocytes – Neutrophils,
Eosinophils & Basophils
2. Agranulocytes – Lymphocytes &
Monocytes
Make less than 1% of the blood’s
volume
Made up of stem cells in bone morrow
Function:
- Fight infection
- Neutrophils and Monocytes digest
bacteria and dead cells
- Eosinophils release enzymes that
combat inflammation in allergic
reaction and kill parasitic worms
- Basophils combating inflamatory and
allergic reactions
- Lympocytes produce immune system
against foreign substances
c. Platelets/Thrombocytes
Cellfragments from the bone
morrow
Function – involved in the process of
blood clotting