DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore-560078

(An Autonomous Institute affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE &ISO 9001: 2008 Certified)
Accredited by National Assessment & Accreditation Council (NAAC) with ‘A’ Grade
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Final Year Technical Seminar

Title : COMMON RAIL DIRECT INJECTION ENGINE TECHNOLOGY

Name VIVEKANAND KOPPA

USN 1DS16ME443
Guide Name Dr. MALLIKARJUN BIRADAR
Designation Asso Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg.,
 CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION
• THE TECHNOLOGY
• LAY OUT OF CRDI
• WORKING OF CRDI
• CRDI INJECTORS
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEEN DI AND CRDI
• SCOPE OF FUTER DEVELOPMENT
• ADVANTAGES AND DIS ADVANTAGES
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE
 INTRODUCTION

• CRDI stands for common rail direct injection

• Direct injection of the fuel into the cylinders of an engine via a single,
common line, called the common rail which is connected to all the
fuel injectors
• Instead of providing separate piston pumps for fuel supply, the
common rail alone supplies high pressure fuel to each cylinder.
 The Technology
• Whereas ordinary diesel direct fuel-injection systems have to build up
pressure anew for each and every injection cycle, CRDI engines
maintain constant pressure regardless of the injection sequence.
• This pressure then remains permanently available throughout the
fuel line.
• The electronic control unit (ECU) modifies injection pressure precisely
as needed, based on data obtained from sensors on the cam and
crankshafts. ie compression and injection occur independently of
each other.
• This technique allows fuel to be injected as needed, saving fuel and
lowering emissions.
Lay out of CRDI
 Working of CRDI

• Solenoid valves make possible fine electronic control over the

injection time and amount, and the higher pressure that the common
rail technology makes available provides better fuel atomization. In
order to lower engine noise, the engine's electronic control unit can
inject a small amount of diesel just before the main injection event
("pilot" injection), thus reducing its explosiveness and vibration, as
well as optimizing injection timing and the process continues
CRDI Injector
 Difference between DI and CRDI

Normal diesel engine CRDI engine

• Pressure range from 200-400 bar
• Indirect injection of fuel
• Noisy engine
• Fuel injection pressure varies
• High fuel consumption at low engine speed
• High emission at low engine speed
• Pressure range from 1800 bar
• Direction injection of high pressure fuel
• Less engine noise
• Fuel injection pressure remains constant
• Low fuel consumption at all engine speed
• Low emission at all engine speed
 Scope for further development

• Use of different fuels for zero emissions and better engine

performance
• By using different fuels and cetane improvers, maximum torque can
be obtained
• Lowering the cost
• Closed-loop control injection with ion sensing technology
Advantage of CRDI
• More power is developed
• Increased fuel efficiency
• Pollutants are reduced
• Particulates of exhaust are reduced
• Precise injection timing is obtained
• The powerful microcomputer makes the whole system more perfect
 Disadvantages

• Increased Cost due to high pressure pump and electronic control unit

• Engine maintenance also leads increases cost of system

 Application

• Car ranging from economy model with 3 cylinders

• Light commercial vehicles

• Heavy duty trucks, railway locomotives and ship with engines

producing up to 200kw/cylinder
 Conclusion

CRDI technology revolution diesel engines. It has changed the way one
looks as diesel cars by providing the

• Better fuel efficiency

• Higher torque

• Higher injection pressure etc

Reference
• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• Approaches to Automotive Emissions Control
• I C engine by V Ganesan