NANOMATERIALS

BAROSA|CABASON|CACHO|LAGADON|LAPASARAN|NEMO|RUINA
I. WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Nanotechnology is the study and

application of microscopic things at the nanoscale
level. It often combines science, technology and
engineering to create nanomaterials and
nanomachines that are as small as cells.
WHERE ARE NANOMATERIALS FOUND?

Some nanomaterials occur naturally, but of

particular interest are engineered
nanomaterials (EN), which are
designed for, and already being used in
many commercial products and processes.
Engineered Nanomaterials

Engineered nanomaterials are

resources designed at the molecular
(nanometre) level to take advantage of
their small size and novel properties
which are generally not seen in their
conventional, bulk counterparts.
 Structure of Nanomaterials
• Depending on external conditions such as
temperature or pressure, atoms may arrange
themselves in various ways in lattice structures.

•An example for such a material is titanium

dioxide (TiO2). To sun screen or as white pigment
in paints it is mainly added in the rutile form,
whereas for photocatalytic applications (such as
self-cleaning surfaces) predominantly the
anatase form is used
Structure of Nanomaterials
•According to Siegel, Nanostructured
materials are classified as Zero
dimensional, one dimensional, two
dimensional, three dimensional
nanostructures.
a. 0D spheres and clusters;
b. 1D nanofibers,
nanowires, and nanorods;
c. 2D nanofilms, nanoplates, and
networks;
d. 3D nanomaterials.)
Synthesis of Nanomaterials

•Bottom-Up Approach
- This approach includes the miniaturization of
materials components (up to atomic level) with further self
assembly process leading to the formation of nanostructures.

•Top-Down Approach
- This approach use larger (macroscopic) initial
structures, which can be externally-controlled in the
processing of nanostructures.
Classification

•Single phased
- particle sizes less than 100 nm

•Multi phased
- nano phase materials are added into the matrices
II. TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Longer-lasting Medical Implants

•Next Generation Computer Chips
•Tougher and Harder Cutting Tools
•Elimination of Pollutants
•High Energy Density Batteries
•Longer Lasting Satellites
III. APPLICATION OF NANOMATERIALS

•Longer-lasting Medical Implants

•Next Generation Computer Chips
•Tougher and Harder Cutting Tools
•Elimination of Pollutants
•High Energy Density Batteries
•Longer Lasting Satellites
IV. PROPERTIES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Magnetic properties
- large surface area to volume ratio results in a
substantial proportion of atoms having different magnetic
coupling with neighboring atoms leading to differing
magnetic properties.
PROPERTIES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Optical properties
-The optical emission and adsorption occurs when the
transition of the electrons occur between these two states.
•Electronic Properties
-The changes which occur in electronic properties as
the system length scale is reduced are related mainly to the
increasing influence of the wave-like property of the
electrons (quantum mechanical effects) and the scarcity of
scattering centers.
V. EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Carbon Nanotubes
EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Nanoparticles
EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Metal Rubber
EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Quantum Dots
EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Nanoshell
EXAMPLES OF NANOMATERIALS

•Nanopores