ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY

#1

An adult who has unstable interpersonal

relationships, self-image, affect, and
impulsivity may be suspected to have _.
a.Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
b.Borderline personality disorder
c.Body dysmorphic disorder
d.Intermittent explosive disorder
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER. A pervasive pattern of instability of
interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity.

DISRUPTIVE MOOD DYSREGULATION DISORDER. Chronic, severe persistent

irritability (frequent temper outbursts and chronic, persistently irritable or angry mood
that is present between the severe temper outbursts).

BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER. Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or

flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear only slight to others, and
by repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to the appearance concerns.

INTERMITTENT EXPLOSIVE DISORDER. Recurrent behavioral outbursts representing

a failure to control aggressive impulses as manifested by verbal or physical aggression,
and behavioral outbursts involving damage or destruction of property.

Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#2

What can be said about a person who is neat,

hardworking, organized, comes to work on time and tries
to make his output as perfect as possible?
a.This person is highly conscientious.
b.This person has obsessive-compulsive personality
disorder.
c.This person has obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d.This person will get promoted.
#3

When a person who needs twice as much

marijuana to get the same high he used to get with
just one joint, we can deduce that this person has
____.
a.Become tolerant of the drug
b.Displayed typical symptoms of marijuana withdrawal
c.Become dependent of the drug.
d.Been abusing marijuana to get high.
#4

A student who falls ill whenever they have an oral

exam but otherwise feels fine on regular school
days might be suspected to _____.
a.Be malingering.
b.Have conversion disorder.
c.Be suffering from social phobia.
d.Have factitious disorder.
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER. Multiple, current, somatic symptoms that are
distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life. The symptoms sometimes
represent normal bodily sensations or discomfort that does not generally signify serious
disease.

ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER. Entails a preoccupation with having or acquiring a

serious, undiagnosed medical illness. Somatic symptoms are not present or, if present,
are only mild in intensity.

CONVERSION DISORDER (FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM

DISORDER). One or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function.

FACTITIOUS DISORDER. The falsification of medical or psychological signs and

symptoms in oneself or others that are associated with the identified deception in the
absence of obvious external rewards.
Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)
#5

In ancient times, this is the process of drilling

a hole in the skull of a person assumed to be
mentally ill.
a.Lobotomy
b.Bloodletting
c.Exorcism
d.Trephining
#6

The most commonly used drug in the

world is _.
a.Caffeine
b.Marijuana
c.Alcohol
d.Nicotine
#7

Which of the following difference between MDE and grief is NOT true?
a. Thoughts about death is connected to the deceased in grief; for MDE it
is connected to feelings of worthlessness, undeserving of life, and
inability to cope.
b. Grief involves persistent depressed mood and inability to anticipate
happiness; in MDE, the predominant affect is feelings of emptiness and
loss
c. In grief, self-esteem is preserved; in MDE, self-loathing is common.
d. Depressed mood in MDE is not tied to specific thoughts; pangs of grief
are associated with reminders of the deceased.
 GRIEF
feelings of emptiness or loss
decrease in intensity
sadness associated with thoughts or
reminders of the deceased
may be accompanied by positive
emotions and humor
preoccupation with thoughts and
memories of the deceased
self-esteem is generally preserved
thoughts of dying are focused on "joining" ending one's life because of feeling
the deceased
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE
persistent depressed mood and inability
to anticipate happiness or pleasure
more pervasive
not tied to specific thoughts of
preoccupations
pervasive unhappiness and misery
self-critical or pessimistic ruminations
feelings of worthlessness and self-
loathing are common
worthless, undeserving of life, or unable
to cope with pain of depression
#8

This fast-acting neurotransmitter inhibits a variety

of emotions and behaviors, thereby effectively
reducing anxiety.
a.Noradrenaline
b.GABA
c.Glutamate
d.Serotonin
 Neurotransmitter Function
GABA Inhibitory
Glutamate Excitatory
Noradrenaline Stress hormone; fight-or-
flight; alertness and arousal
Serotonin Appetite, sleep, mood,
memory and learning, etc.
Dopamine Motor function, pleasure,
reward system, emotional
arousal
Acetylcholine Movement, attention,
arousal, and memory
#9

A difference between conduct disorder and oppositional defiant

disorder is
a. Conduct disorder problem behaviors most likely bring the individual in
conflict with authority figures while oppositional defiant disorders are
usually confined at home.
b. Oppositional defiant disorder involves behaviors of theft and
deceitfulness usually not present in conduct disorder.
c. Conduct disorder problem behaviors are usually less severe than the
behaviors present in oppositional defiant disorder.
d. Oppositional defiant disorder involves problems of emotional
dysregulation not present in conduct disorder.
 CONDUCT DISORDER
VS.
OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER

The behaviors of oppositional defiant disorder are typically of a less

severe nature than those of conduct disorder and do not include
aggression toward people or animals, destruction of property, or a
pattern of theft or deceit. Furthermore, oppositional defiant disorder
includes problems of emotional dysregulation (i.e., angry and irritable
mood) that are not included in the definition of conduct disorder.

Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#10

Which axis in the DSM-IV-TR includes the

client’s general medical condition?
a.Axis I
b.Axis II
c.Axis III
d.Axis IV
 AXIS DESCRIPTION

Axis I Refers to PRINCIPAL DISORDER THAT NEEDS

IMMEDIATE ATTENTION.
Axis II PERSONALITY DISORDER that may be currently
shaping the current response to the Axis I disorder;
also for DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS.
Axis III Lists any MEDICAL OR NEUROLOGICAL
PROBLEMS that may be relevant to the individual’s
current or past psychiatric problems.
Axis IV PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESSORS that the individual has
faced recently.
Axis V Codes for the LEVEL OF FUNCTIONING the
individual has attained at the time of assessment.
#11

Phineas Gage was a man who miraculously survived an

accident wherein a metal rod pierced through his skull,
severely damaging a part of his brain. After the accident,
his personality significantly changed that he was like an
entirely different person. Which part of his brain might
have been injured?
a.Frontal lobe
b.Temporal lobe
c. Parietal lobe
d.Occipital lobe
#12

Behaviors considered ‘abnormal’ may be

described by the following except:
a.Deviates from the therapist’s moral standards
b.Causes significant distress to the person or
others
c.Poses a danger or threat to self or others
d.Causes significant impairment in functioning
#13

Which one of the following is at risk for developing

schizophrenia?
a.Person diagnosed with Paranoid personality disorder
b.Person diagnosed with Antisocial personality
disorder
c.Person diagnosed with Histrionic personality disorder
d.Person diagnosed with Obsessive-Compulsive
personality disorder
#14

Which of the following is not classified under

anxiety disorders in the DSM-IV-TR?
a.Generalized anxiety disorder
b.Obsessive-compulsive disorder
c.Body dysmorphic disorder
d.Agoraphobia
#15

A woman who feels as if she is a puppet

controlled by others is experiencing:
a.Derealization
b.Depersonalization
c.Delusion
d.Hallucination
 DEPERSONALIZATION
and
DEREALIZATION

Depersonalization - experiences of unreality or detachment from one's

mind, self, or body

Derealization - experiences of unreality or detachment from one's

surroundings

Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#16

Which is the most common type of

hallucination?
a.Tactile
b.Visual
c.Olfactory
d.Auditory
#17

Shane’s parents died in a car crash. When she found out,

she laughed. What can we say about Shane’s reaction?
a.It is abnormal because she displays inappropriate
affect.
b.It is abnormal because it shows poor impulse control.
c.It is normal because some people laugh until they
cry.
d.It is normal because it is a subjective way of coping.
#18

The _ of a disorder is the total number of

people in the world who have the disorder
while __ is the number of new cases in a given
period.
a.Course, onset
b.Onset, course
c.Incidence, prevalence
d.Prevalence, incidence
 COURSE, ONSET; INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE

Course – Pattern of development and change of a disorder over time.

Onset – First appearance of signs and symptoms of a disorder

Incidence – Number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a specific

period.

Prevalence – Number of people displaying a disorder in the total

population at any given time
#19

Depressed clients usually feel empty, have low self-

esteem. Thus, it is important for them to find
meaning in their lives. Which therapy will best help
achieve this goal?
a. Psychodynamic
b.Behaviorist
c. Existential
d.Cognitive
#20

A person with generalized anxiety disorder

would most likely worry about:
a.Socializing and performing in social situations
b.Various situations where escape might be
impossible
c.A wide range of circumstances
d.Possible harm, injury, or death coming to major
attachment figures
#21
Danica says she is stressed by just about everything she can think
of. Although she knows that nothing will come out of worrying,
she cannot help but worry to the point where it interferes with
her daily activities. Can this be considered abnormal?
a.Yes, because her worry has taken the form of a physical
symptom.
b.Yes, because her worry is clearly uncontrollable and
excessive.
c. No, because her worry is clearly based on concrete evidence.
d.No, because worrying is a normal everyday experience and
should not be overpathologized.
#22

When a child refuses to be left alone by a caregiver

on the first day of preschool, you might suspect
that
a.The child has trust issues.
b.The child needs to be further observed for symptoms
of separation anxiety disorder.
c.The child responded normally for his age.
d.The child is trying to attract the teacher’s attention.
#23

A client is distressed because he can’t seem to stand

asymmetry. All his things, his workspace, and his entire
home must be equal on both sides. The client says these
thoughts are intrusive and extremely unnerving. What
may be said of the client?
a.The patient has obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b.The patient has obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
c. The patient has perfectionistic personality disorder.
d.The patient’s behavior is normal and needs not to be
diagnosed.
 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
VS.
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is not characterized by

intrusive thoughts, images, or urges or by repetitive behaviors that are
performed in response to these intrusions; instead, it involves an
enduring and pervasive maladaptive pattern of excessive perfectionism
and rigid control.
Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)
#24

This is a technique wherein patients are free

to talk about their problems.
a.Free association
b.Word association
c.Catharsis
d.Hypnotism
#25

This is the existence of two or more disorders

in a patient at the same time.
a.Differential diagnosis
b.Insidious onset
c.Dual psychopathology
d.Comorbidity
#26

Duanne has been feeling down for the past two weeks.
He has lost interest in and energy for most activities at
home and at work. He barely sleeps or eats, and he
complains that life is meaningless and he is worthless.
Duanne is a likely candidate for a ___ diagnosis.
a. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
b. Major depressive disorder
c. Dysthymia
d. Cyclothymia
#27

The disorder characterized by recurring mild

depression is called _.
a.Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
b.Major depressive disorder
c.Dysthymia
d.Cyclothymia
#28

A person who shows symptoms of both

schizophrenia and a major mood disorder may
qualify for a diagnosis for _.
a.Schizoid Personality Disorder
b.Schizotypal Personality Disorder
c.Schizoaffective Disorder
d.Schizophreniform Disorder
 SCHIZO...WHAT?
“skhizein” (to split) + “phren” (mind)

SCHIZOID – Personality disorder featuring a pervasive pattern of detachment from

social relationships and a restricted range of expression of
emotions.

SCHIZOTYPAL – Personality disorder involving a pervasive pattern of interpersonal

deficits featuring acute discomfort with, and reduced
capacity for, close relationships, as well as cognitive or
perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior.

SCHIZOAFFECTIVE – Psychotic disorder featuring symptoms of both schizophrenia

and major mood disorder.

SCHIZOPHRENIFORM – Psychotic disorder involving the symptoms of schizophrenia

but lasting less than 6 months.
#29

The main difference between narcissistic personality disorder and histrionic

personality disorder is ____.
a. Those with histrionic personality disorder can make themselves look
weak to gain attention; those with narcissistic personality disorder do
not
b. Those with narcissistic personality disorder will use physical
appearance to gain attention; those with histrionic disorder will not
c. Those with histrionic personality disorder will swerve the conversation
to revolve around them; those with narcissistic personality do not
d. Those with narcissistic personality disorder express emotions with
exaggeration; those with histrionic personality disorder do not
#30

A person who is preoccupied with a certain part of his/her

body and seeing it as “ugly” or “deformed” despite
contrary evidence most likely has a disorder related to
which DSM-5 classification?
a. Somatoform disorders
b.Somatic symptom disorders
c. Anxiety disorders
d.Obsessive-compulsive disorders
 CATEGORY
Somatic Symptom Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive-compulsive Disorders
INCLUSIVE DISORDERS
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Conversion Disorder
Factitious Disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Selective Mutism
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia
Specific Phobia
Social Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania
Excoriation Disorder
#31

Warren often uncontrollably binges on enormous

amounts of food and alcohol. After, he feels extremely
guilty and exercises until he feels that what he binged is
out of his system. Warren seems to qualify for a diagnosis
of _.
a. Anorexia nervosa
b. Bulimia nervosa
c. Bing-eating disorder
d. Obesity
#32

Before consulting with another psychologist about the

case, a professional psychologist may do all of the
following except:
a.Be careful in disclosing information that may identify the
client
b.Obtain permission from the client to disclose his/her identity
c. Allow the other professional access to all records of the client
d.Limit the information disclosed to the consulting professional
#33

The client-centered approach will most likely

challenge the distressed individual to
a.Finding the meaning of their problems
b.Processing latent meanings
c.Integrate him/herself
d.Getting rid of problem behavior
#34

These drugs have the capacity to reduce

appetite and so are often used to lose weight.
a.Opioids
b.Cannabis
c.Amphetamines
d.Marijuana
 DRUGS USE EXAMPLES
Depressants Result in behavior sedation Alcohol, sedative and
and induce relaxation hypnotic barbiturates, and
benzodiazepines
Stimulants Cause users to be more Amphetamines, nicotine,
active and alert, and can cocaine, and caffeine
elevate mood
Opiates Temporarily produce Heroin, opium, codeine, and
analgesia (reduce pain) and morphine
euphoria
Hallucinogens Alter sensory perceptions Cannabis and LSD
and can produce delusions,
paranoia, and hallucinations
Other drugs of Do not fit into one of the Inhalants, anabolic steroids,
abuse categories and over-the-counter-
prescription medications
#35

Eleven-year-old Nate’s parents were called to the school

disciplinarian’s office because ever since school started, Nate has
been bullying other classmates, stealing their things, and has
been caught beating a street cat with a bat. He does not seem to
be sorry for any of the misbehavior, and this worries his teachers.
Nate might have _____.
a. Antisocial personality disorder
b. Oppositional-defiant personality disorder
c. Conduct disorder
d. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
#36

For a diagnosis of Bipolar I disorder, a major

depressive episode is _.
a.Both necessary and sufficient.
b.Necessary but not sufficient.
c.Sufficient but not necessary.
d.Neither necessary not sufficient.
#37

This refers to the distress that accompanies the

incongruence between one’s experienced or
expressed gender and one’s assigned gender.
a.Gender identity
b.Gender dysphoria
c.Gender nonconformity
d.Gender dissatisfaction
#38

This is a repetition of the speech of others,

previously thought of as a sign of autism spectrum
disorder but is now considered a normal step in
children’s language development.
a.Echolalia
b.Echopraxia
c.Coprolalia
d.Verbal dyspraxia
#39

A child with disorganized attention, excessive motor

activity and hasty actions occurring without thought may
likely be diagnosed with ___.
a.ADHD
b.Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
c. Oppositional-defiant disorder
d.Autism spectrum disorder
#40

This is a disorder characterized by intellectual

disability, signs of cerebral palsy, and self-injurious
behavior such as finger and lip biting.
a.Trisomy 21
b.Fragile X syndrome
c.Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
d.Phenylketonuria
Down syndrome (Trisomy 21). Most
common chromosomal form of ID and is
caused by an extra 21st chromosome; have
characteristic facial features and tend to
have congenital heart malformations.
Fragile X syndrome. Caused by
an abnormality in the X
chromosome that gives it the
appearance of fragility. Women
who carry the genes display
mild learning disabilities; males
with the disorder display
moderate to severe levels of ID
and have higher rates of
hyperactivity, short attention
spans, gaze avoidance, and
perseverative speech.
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Affects
only males; includes signs of
cerebral palsy, self-injurious
behavior including finger and lip
biting.
Phenylketonuria. Most babies with the
condition appear healthy at birth.
Complications arise when condition is
not treated. Damage to the brain and
nervous system can lead to:
1. Learning disabilities
2. Behavioral difficulties
3. Epilepsy
#41

Which eating disorder literally translates to “a

nervous loss of appetite”?
a.Binge-eating disorder
b.Bulimia nervosa
c.Anorexia nervosa
d.Purging disorder
#42
Why must a clinician be familiar with the client’s culture
when making diagnoses?
a. Because the DSM-IV-TR axis 3 specifies an individual’s global
level of functioning.
b. Because the clinician may be accused of racism or discrimination
during a diagnosis.
c. Because the DSM-5 has specifications to the degree of disorders
based on cultural nuances.
d. Because some practices such as speaking oddly and hearing
voices must not be considered abnormal if they are culturally-
accepted.
#43

Freudian therapists might suggest that obsessive-

compulsive disorders develop during the _ stage,
when children are given too strict toilet training.
a.Oral stage
b.Anal stage
c.Phallic stage
d.Genital stage
#44

Hypnosis is a technique still used by some

counselors during therapy today. Who was the first
to use this technique?
a. Jean Charcot
b.Josef Breuer
c. Franz Mesmer
d.Sigmund Freud
#45

Which of the following is true of the diathesis-stress model?

a. People living in certain environments experience certain stresses that
eventually lead to a disorder more than others in different
environments.
b. People in stress-inducing environments will behave in a certain way as
to lessen the probability of developing a disorder.
c. People inherit tendencies to create the environmental risk factors that
trigger the development of a disorder.
d. People inherit tendencies to express behaviors or traits which is
triggered by some event, leading to a development of a disorder.
#46
When Chris found out his mother had died, he went ballistic. He
cried into the wee hours of the day, and rarely ate or slept for a
day. Five months later, he has already come to terms with her
death, but Chris sometimes still cries when remembering about
his mother. Can he be diagnosed with major depressive disorder?
a. Yes, because according to the DSM-5, if the symptoms continue after
five months, it can be considered a major depressive episode.
b. Yes, because according to the DSM-5, if the symptoms continue after
three months, it can be considered major depressive episode.
c. No, because his symptoms match only dysthymia, which is a less
severe, more persistent case of major depressive episode.
d. No, because the normal grieving period can last up to two years.
#47

In order to detect the presence of Down syndrome,

a procedure called _ is available wherein a small
amount of fluid surrounding the fetus is removed
and tested.
a.Amniocentesis
b.Chorionic villus sampling
c.Placental tissue sampling
d.Gene coding
Amniocentesis. A procedure that
involves removing and testing a
sample of the fluid that surrounds
the fetus in the amniotic sac
Chorionic villus sampling
(CVS). A genetic test
conducted during early
pregnancy that samples
cells found in the placenta
(chorionic villi) and assesses
possible genetic or
chromosomal problems in
the fetus.
#48

Nini is a collector of objects which have sentimental value to her.

She keeps most of the things she holds dear in a trunk underneath
her bed which she opens and looks at from time to time to
reminisce. Does her behavior count as pathological?
a. No, because her collecting does not result in distress and impairment.
b. No, because her collection does not involve dead animals and useless
junk.
c. No, because it is a normal response of people with low in openness to
experience.
d. No, because hoarding does not involve reminiscing by looking at the
objects in question.
#49

Which of the following patients qualify for a diagnosis of

narcolepsy?
a.An adult male suddenly lapses into sleep even in the middle
of doing something.
b.A young woman who wakes up at exactly midnight and has
difficulty going back to sleep.
c. An obese man who snores and sometimes experiences
breathing pauses in sleep.
d.A woman who sleeps excessively every day but does not feel
rested afterwards.
INSOMNIA. Difficulty falling or maintaining sleep; nonrestorative sleep

HYPERSOMNOLENCE DISORDER. Involves sleeping too much.

SLEEP APNEA. A breathing-related sleep disorder wherein people have difficulty

breathing at night, snore loudly, pause between breaths, and wake in the morning with a
dry mouth and headache.

NARCOLEPSY. Recurrent periods of irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep, or

napping occurring within the same day; some people experience cataplexy or a sudden
loss of muscle tone.

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM SLEEP DISORDER. The disorder characterized by disturbed sleep

(either insomnia or excessive sleepiness during the day) brought on by the brain’s inability
to synchronize its sleep patterns with the current patterns of day and night.
#50

Researches on PTSD that deliberately seek individuals

diagnosed with the disorder make use of which sampling
method?
a.Random sampling
b.Multi-stage sampling
c. Convenience sampling
d.Purposive sampling
#51
Most psychologists would agree that somatic symptom disorders
are basically disorders of cognition and perception because
a.Interpretation of people’s pity and attention as love is an
important criteria for diagnosis
b.Indifference to physical symptoms and loss of limb activity is
a sign of poor judgement and insight
c. Abusive environments in childhood, which is a healthy
ground for much of psychopathology, distort patient’s reality
testing
d.Faulty interpretation of physical signs and sensations as
evidence of physical illness is central
#52

What does the triple vulnerability model suggest?

a.The three personality disorders in cluster A are most
vulnerable to develop schizophrenia
b.A person who has experienced at least three emotionally
straining events are more prone to disorders
c. Biological, psychological and social factors contribute to the
development of disorders
d.Specific triad genes code for specific vulnerabilities to certain
anxiety disorders
#53

Marc feels uncomfortable in closed, tight spaces after

watching a horror film about a ghost in an elevator when
he was young. Since then, he will never stay in small
rooms, ride elevators, use bathroom cubicles, or be
anywhere he feels is suffocating. This type of phobia is
learned by _______.
a.Classical conditioning
b.Vicarious experience
c. Enactive learning
d.Operant conditioning
 #54

A doctor noticed a patient enjoying the attention of the medical staff. He

found out that the patient had been rushed to several emergency rooms
all over the country due to a condition that would suddenly worsen when
she is about to be discharged. He referred her to a psychologist. Did the
doctor do the right thing?
a. Yes, the patient shows classic symptoms for conversion disorder.
b. No, the patient is obviously allergic to something and it is my duty to help.
c. Yes, because the patient might have Munchausen’s disorder.
d. No, because the patient is obviously malingering.
#55

When the media shows unrealistic images of the ‘ideal’

female body, it becomes a considerable factor in the rise
of diagnosed cases of eating disorders. To which
dimension does media belong?
a.Biological
b.Cognitive
c. Social
d.Psychological
#56

Individuals with a hand-washing obsession usually wash

their hands in order to get rid of germs or dirt. Thus, the
removal of germs becomes a _ for the hand-washing
behavior.
a.Positive reinforcement
b.Negative reinforcement
c. Positive punishment
d.Negative punishment
 REINFORCEMENT PUNISHMENT
(to increase behavior) (to decrease behavior)

Adding something to Adding something to

POSITIVE
increase frequency of decrease frequency of
(adding)
desired behavior problem behavior

Removing something to Removing something to

NEGATIVE
increase frequency of decrease frequency of
(removing)
desired behavior problem behavior
#57

Because we have been primed to believe that alcohol can

make us less inhibited, research participants given a
placebo they believed to be alcohol actually felt less
inhibited. This bias is called _.
a.“Flushing” effect
b.Halo effect
c. Antagonist effect
d.Expectancy effect
#58

Hibernius has become depressed because he cannot

seem to make out what life really means. To which kind of
therapist would you most likely refer Hibernius?
a.Psychodynamic
b.Humanist
c. Existentialist
d.Cognitive
#59

Because he strongly believes that aliens are putting untraceable

mind-control chemicals in food, Inno grows his own food. He is a
total recluse, living alone in his farm, although he sometimes asks
neighbors to trade food he cannot grow on his own. He has been
hospitalized due to vitamin deficiency and a diagnosis of a
disorder. Which one might it be?
a. Schizoaffective disorder
b. Schizotypal personality disorder
c. Schizoid personality disorder
d. Paranoid personality disorder
Paranoid personality disorder and schizotypal personality disorder
share the traits of suspiciousness, interpersonal aloofness, and paranoid
ideation, but schizotypal personality disorder also includes symptoms
such as magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences, and odd
thinking and speech.

Individuals with behaviors that meet criteria for schizoid personality

disorder are often perceived as strange, eccentric, cold, and aloof, but
they do not usually have prominent paranoid ideation.

Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#60

Which of the following individuals are least likely to

develop schizophrenia?
a.Person with schizophrenic fraternal twin raised together
b.Person with schizophrenic identical twin raised together
c. Person with schizophrenic fraternal twin raised apart
d.Person with schizophrenic identical twin raised apart
#61

Personality disorders are included in which DSM-IV-TR

axis?
a.Axis I
b.Axis II
c. Axis III
d.Axis IV
#62

Damage in this part of the brain may cause a type of

aphasia in which the individual has difficulty producing
speech.
a.Wernicke’s area
b.Broca’s area
c. Medulla
d.Limbic system
#63

Having hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech

for a period of more than a month but less than six
months may qualify a patient for a _ diagnosis.
a.Schizotypal personality disorder
b.Brief psychotic disorder
c. Schizophreniform disorder
d.Schizophrenia
#64

A theory in the cause of schizophrenia looks at the

neurotransmitter _, which seems to be hyperactive in
people with the disorder.
a.Dopamine
b.Serotonin
c. Norepinephrine
d.GABA
#65

Adler suggested that because these people are initially

the unchallenged center of attention but then experience
dethronement upon the arrival of another sibling, they
are most likely to become neurotics, criminals, alcoholics,
and perverts.
a.Only children
b.Firstborn children
c. Middle children
d.Youngest children
#66

Margaux refuses to go to school because she has often

had bouts of breaking out in cold sweat, shortness of
breath, and sudden palpitations. She was afraid she was
going crazy. These ‘bouts’ described by Margaux were
most likely
a.Panic attacks
b.Nervous breakdown
c. Anxiety
d.Somatic complaints
#67

What do we know about unipolar mania?

a.It is the most commonly diagnosed mood
disorder.
b.It is relatively rare.
c.It affects more men than women.
d.Nothing, there is no such thing.
#68

Learned helplessness is mindset wherein people decide or

think that no matter what they do, they will never be able
to change their situation, causing depression. Who was
the first to describe this concept?
a.E. L. Thorndike
b.Martin Seligman
c. Bernard Weiner
d.Emil Kraepelin
#69

It is important to be familiar with the cultural norm of the

client when making a diagnosis because:
a.Some cultures tend to discriminate those labeled as
‘abnormal’.
b.We might identify a behavior as abnormal when, in the
cultural context of the client, it is completely normal.
c. A diagnosis made by the therapist might be considered
‘racism’ when not being careful.
d.Culture must be taken into consideration when making a
proper diagnosis.
#70

Kaye identifies as female but acts like a boy. She is more

comfortable wearing pants and shirts than skirts and dresses,
moves about in a boyish way and loves to play basketball with her
predominantly male friends. What can be said of Kaye?
a.She meets the criteria for gender dysphoria.
b.She does not conform to gender roles.
c. She is undergoing gender identity crisis, common among
teenagers.
d.More information is needed to come up with a sound
diagnosis.
#71

The humoral theory of abnormality is a legacy of

whom?
a.Aquinas and Augustine
b.Socrates and Plato
c.Pussin and Pinel
d.Hippocrates and Galen
#72

Which of the following became a result of the work by Dorothea

Dix?
a. It was proven that mental illnesses had environmental
causes and are therefore curable.
b. Patients in asylums were treated as normally as possible in
normal environments.
c. Increased numbers of mentally ill patients and understaffed
asylums.
d. The moral therapy movement displaced psychoanalysis as
first aid for the mentally ill.
#73

In the Philippines, psychological diagnosis and treatment are

made difficult because individuals in need of psychological aid are
hidden away by family members and relatives. This is because of
the Filipino tendency to always protect the family’s ___.
a. Dangal at puri
b. Kapakanan
c. Pakiramdam
d. Ulirat
#74

Namie enjoys conversations with other people, and a lot

of people adore her engaging and bubbly personality.
What can be said about her behavior?
a.It may be characteristic of narcissistic personality disorder
b.It may be characteristic of histrionic personality disorder
c. It is abnormal, but needs more details to make a diagnosis
d.Namie is an extravert.
#75

People who take drugs experience pleasure during

intoxication, and they will continue to take drugs in order
to keep experiencing the pleasure. The pleasure, in
Skinnerian conditioning, is called _.
a.Positive reinforcement
b.Negative reinforcement
c. Positive punishment
d.Negative punishment
#76

This is a type of formalized suicide in which an individual

who brought dishonor to himself or his family was
expected to impale himself on a sword.
a.Koro
b.Kamikaze
c. Hara-kiri
d.Amok
KORO. A culturally related disorder that usually occurs in epidemics in
Southeastern Asia, consists of a fear that the penis (labia, nipples, or
breasts in females) is shrinking or retracting and will disappear into
the abdomen, often accompanied by a belief that death will result.

HARA KIRI. An individual who brought dishonor to himself or his family

was expected to impale himself on a sword.

AMOK. Individuals enter a trancelike state and may commit violent acts.
Later, they will have amnesia about the episode.
#77

This is the second most common chromosomally related

cause of intellectual disability. People with this condition
have hyper-extensible joints and display moderate to
severely low IQ, high rates of hyperactivity, short
attention span.
a.Down syndrome
b.Fragile X syndrome
c. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
d.Phenylketonuria
#78

A man who has excessive thoughts and worries that

harm may befall his loved ones that will cause him
to be alone may have _____.
a.Agoraphobia
b.Paranoid personality disorder
c.Panic disorder
d.Separation anxiety disorder
#79

This is the most prevalent type of neurocognitive

disorder.
a.Neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease
b.Neurocognitive disorder due to Parkinson’s disease
c.Neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury
d.Neurocognitive disorder due to HIV infection
#80

People with Parkinson’s disease have low

levels of the neurotransmitter _.
a.Dopamine
b.Serotonin
c.Norepinephrine
d.GABA
#81

Some patients diagnosed with PTSD forget important

details of the traumatic event they have experienced.
Which theory believes that these details were buried to
the unconscious?
a. Psychodynamic
b.Behaviorist
c. Existential
d.Cognitive
#82
How is autism spectrum disorder different from selective
mutism?
a.Selective mutism presents itself at a much earlier onset than
that of autism spectrum disorder.
b.Selective mutism does not involve social reciprocity
impairment present in autism spectrum disorder.
c. Selective mutism shows itself in all contexts, autism does
not.
d.Selective mutism does not enable a child to exhibit
appropriate communication skills in selected contexts,
autism does.
#83

Some suggest that we have been prepared by evolution

to fear certain wild animals, dangerous situations, and
angry, critical, or rejecting people. This tendency to act
instinctively will be suggested by Jung to be part of the
a.Personal unconscious
b.Collective unconscious
c. Complexes
d.Archetypes
#84

This is a disorder wherein the eating of

nonnutritive, nonfood substances is not part of a
culturally supported or socially normative practice.
a.Avoidant food intake disorder
b.Restrictive food intake disorder
c.Rumination disorder
d.Pica
AVOIDANT/RESTRICTIVE FOOD INTAKE DISORDER. An eating or
feeding disturbance (e.g., apparent lack of interest in eating or food;
avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food; concern about
aversive consequences of eating) as manifested by persistent failure to meet
appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs.

RUMINATION DISORDER. The repeated regurgitation of food occurring

after feeding or eating.

PICA. The eating of one or more nonnutritive, nonfood substances that

might include paper, soap, cloth, hair, string, wool, soil, chalk, talcum
powder, paint, gum, metal, pebbles, charcoal or coal, ash, clay, starch, or ice
on a persistent basis.

SOURCE: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#85

John Doe purposely rides the train during rush hour

because then he is free to rub his genitals on unknowing
victims for sexual gratification. John displays
characteristics of the DSM-5 paraphilic disorder called
a.Exhibitionistic disorder
b.Voyeuristic disorder
c. Frotteuristic disorder
d.Fetishistic disorder
EXHIBITIONISTIC DISORDER. Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from the exposure
of one’s genitals to an unsuspecting person, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or
behaviors.

VOYEURISTIC DISORDER. Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an

unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual
activity, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors.

FROTTEURISTIC DISORDER. Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from touching or

rubbing against a nonconsenting person, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors.

FETISHISTIC DISORDER. Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from either the use of
nonliving objects or a highly specific focus on nongenital body part(s), as manifested by
fantasies, urges, or behaviors.

Source: DSM-5 (APA, 2013)

#86

Agoraphobics may be described by any the

following statements except
a.They fear that escape might be difficult.
b.They fear that help might not be available.
c.They fear they might not be able to control their
worry.
d.They can leave their homes but with a companion,
and always with fear or anxiety.
#87

Gabby was stuck in traffic when a figure in a black hood

appeared in front of her car and whispered unintelligible
words to her. She was so scared she screamed and ran
out. This is an example of a(n) _____.
a.Derealization
b.Depersonalization
c. Delusion
d.Hallucination
#88

Which of the following is not a cluster C

disorder?
a.Avoidant personality disorder
b.Paranoid personality disorder
c.Dependent personality disorder
d.Obsessive-compulsive disorder
#89

In most Filipino communities, some people with dissociative

identity disorder who behave like a different person and pose a
danger to themselves and others are sometimes belatedly
treated because they are first referred to _____.
a.Priests, because they are assumed to be possessed.
b.Doctors, because they are assumed to have an organic
disorder.
c. Guidance counselors, because they are assumed to be acting
out.
d.Rehabs, because they are assumed to be on drugs.
#90

Some people with hypochondriasis have a

preoccupation of having, or the idea of having a
serious disease in the absence of bodily symptoms.
In the DSM-5, this condition is called _____.
a.Somatic symptom disorder
b.Illness anxiety disorder
c.Conversion disorder
d.Factitious disorder
#91

Cognitive therapists might suggest that a client’s

problem is caused by all of the following except:
a.Unconscious motivation
b.Irrational beliefs
c.Dysfunctional beliefs
d.Faulty perceptions
#92

This is a term in developmental psychology which

suggests that we should consider a number of causes to a
particular behavior or disorder. For example, two different
causes may result in the same disorder.
a.Equivocacy
b.Equivalence
c. Equitability
d.Equifinality
#93

Before they started the therapy session, the psychologist and the
client with dissociative identity disorder agreed about having an
audio recording of the session. Which ethical principle was
violated?
a. There was no formal procedure as to the acquisition of the recording.
b. This proceeding must be stipulated in the informed consent before the
start of the sessions.
c. The patient was coerced into having the sessions audio recorded.
d. None, because there was permission from the client.
#94

People with neurocognitive disorders sometimes

experience the inability to recognize and name
objects. This is a condition called
a.Aphasia
b.Agnosia
c.Apraxia
d.Anhedonia
APHASIA – “a” (not) + “phanai” (speak); loss of ability to speak

AGNOSIA – agnosia (ignorance); loss of ability to recognize

familiar objects or stimuli

APRAXIA – apraxia (inaction); loss of ability to perform

purposeful movements

ANHEDONIA – “an” (without) + “hedone” (pleasure); inability to

feel or experience pleasure
#95

Eric Berne developed a model of people and

relationships which suggests that most problems
are caused by people not talking at the same level.
a.Transactional analysis
b.Cross-communication model
c.Interaction analysis
d.Cross-interaction relationship model
#96

In order to prevent overdiagnosis of bipolar disorders in

children, DSM-5 added diagnosis of ____ which is
characterized by persistent irritability and behavioral
dyscontrol in children up to 12 years of age.
a.Bipolar disorder with childhood onset specifier
b.Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with mood disorder
c. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
d.Persistent depressive disorder
 DISRUPTIVE MOOD DYSREGULATION DISORDER
VS.
BIPOLAR DISORDER

• Bipolar disorders are episodic; disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

is not.

• DMDD cannot be assigned to a child who has ever experienced a full

duration hypomanic or manic episode (lasting more than 1 day).

• Elevated or expansive mood and grandiosity (features of mania) are

present in mania but not in DMDD.
Source: DSM-5 (APA, 20130
#97

Albert Ellis developed a cognitive therapy which aims to

let the clients recognize and ultimately change their
irrational beliefs.
a.REBT
b.CBT
c. Gestalt therapy
d.Reality therapy
#98

Low levels of this neurotransmitter was found to be

associated with aggression, suicide, impulsive
overeating, and excessive sexual behavior.
a.Serotonin
b.Dopamine
c.Glutamate
d.GABA
#99

A man who needs to cross-dress in order to

get sexually aroused is/has _.
a.A transgender
b.A transvestic disorder
c.A fetishistic disorder
d.An exhibitionist
#100

____ is a proposition that psychopaths have

abnormally low levels of cortical arousal causing
them to seek stimulation to boost their levels.
a.Underarousal hypothesis
b.Fearlessness hypothesis
c.Psychological marasmus hypothesis
d.Triple vulnerability model
UNDERAROUSAL HYPOTHESIS. Psychopaths engage in dangerous or illicit
behavior to stimulate the underaroused cerebral cortex in their brains.

FEARLESSNESS HYPOTHESIS. Psychopaths are less prone to fear and thus

less inhibited from dangerous or illicit activities.

TRIPLE VULNERABILITY THEORY. A theory of the development of anxiety

disorders; purports that three vulnerabilities contribute to the development of
anxiety disorders (biological, generalized and specific psychological
vulnerability).