Design and drawing of RC

Structures
CV61

Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com
Mob: 9342188467

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WATER TANKS

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 Learning out Come
• REVIEW
• DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK
RESTING ON GROUND WITH RIGID
BASE

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• When the joints at base are flexible,
hydrostatic pressure induces
maximum increase in diameter at base
and no increase in diameter at top
• When the joint at base is rigid, the base
does not move

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Tank with flexible base

Tank with rigid base

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Design of Circular Tanks resting on
ground with Rigid base

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• Due to fixity at base of wall, the upper
part of the wall will have hoop tension
and lower part bend like cantilever.
• For shallow tanks with large diameter, hoop
stresses are very small and the wall act more
like cantilever
• For deep tanks of small diameter the
cantilever action due to fixity at the base is
small and the hoop action is predominant

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• The exact analysis of the tank to
determine the portion of wall in which
hoop tension is predominant and the
other portion in which cantilever
action is predominant, is difficult
• Simplified methods of analysis are
1. Reissner’s method
2. Carpenter’s simplified method
3. Approximate method
4. IS code method
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IS code method
• Tables 9,10 and 11 of IS 3370 part IV
gives coefficients for computing hoop
tension, moment and shear for various
values of H2/Dt
• Hoop tension, moment and shear is
computed as
T= coefficient ( wHD/2)
M= coefficient (wH3)
V= coefficient (wH2)
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• Thickness of wall required is computed
from BM consideration
M
d
Qb
where,
Q= ½ cbcjk
j=1-(k/3)
m cbc
k
m cbc   st
b = 1000mm
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IS code method
• Over all thickness is then computed as
t = d+cover.
• Area of reinforcement in the form of
vertical bars on water face is computed
as A  M
st
st jd

• Area of hoop steel in the form of rings is

computed as A st1  T
 st
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IS code method
• Distribution steel and vertical steel for
outer face of wall is computed from
minimum steel consideration
• Tensile stress computed from the
following equation should be less than
the permissible stress for safe design
T
c 
1000t  (m  1)A st
the permissible stress is 0.27 fck

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IS code method
• Base slab thickness generally varies
from 150mm to 250 mm and minimum
steel is distributed to top and bottom
of slab.

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Design Problem No.1 on Circular Tanks
resting on ground with Rigid base

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 A cylindrical tank of capacity 7,00,000 liters is
resting on good unyielding ground. The depth
of tank is limited to 5m. A free board of 300
mm may be provided. The wall and the base
slab are cast integrally. Design the tank using
M20 concrete and Fe415 grade steel .
Draw the following
Plan at base
Cross section through centre of tank.

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Step 1: Dimension of tank
H= 5-0.3 = 4.7 and volume V = 700 m 3
A=700/4.7 = 148.94 m2
D= (4 x 148.94/) = 13.77 14 m

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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and
bending moment
One meter width of the wall is considered
and the thickness of the wall is estimated
as t=30H+50 = 191 mm.
The thickness of wall is assumed
as 200 mm.
Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575
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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending
moment (Contd.)
Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.7 x 7 =189.175 kN
Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV),
the maximum coefficient for
bending moment = -0.0146 (produces
tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.73=15.15 kN-m

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Step 3: Design of section:
For M20 concrete cbc=7, For Fe415 steel
st=150 MPa and m=13.33 for M20
concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are: k  m cbc  0.39
m cbc   st
j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= ½ cbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth6 is calculated as
M 15.15x10
d   112.94mm
Qb 1.19x1000
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Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective cover
33 mm
dprovided=167 mm

M 15.15x10 6
A
Spacing  
st of 16 mm diameter bar =  695. 16 mm 2

 st jd 150 x 0.87 x167

201x1000
(Max spacing 3d=501mm)
 289.23mmc / c
695
Provide .16
#16@275 c/c as vertical reinforcement on
water face

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Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Hoop steel: T 189.275x103
A st1    1261mm 2
st 150

113x1000
Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =  89.mmc / c
1261

Provide #12@80 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water face

Actual area of steel provided 113 x1000

A st   1412.5mm 2
80

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 Step 4: Check for tensile stress:
T 189.275x10 3
c    0.87 N / mm 2
1000t  (m  1)A st 1000x 200  (13.33  1) x1412.5

Permissible stress = 0.27fck=1.2 N/mm2 > c Safe

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Step 5: Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm2
50.24x1000
 104.7.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar = 480

Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal

distribution on the outer face.

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Step 5: Base slab:
The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm2
50.24x1000
 279.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar = 180

Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal

distribution on the outer face.

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Design Problem No.2 on Circular Tanks
resting on ground with Rigid base

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Design a circular water tank to hold
5,50,000 liters of water. Assume rigid
joints between the wall and base slab.
Adopt M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.
Sketch details of reinforcements.

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Step 1: Dimension of tank
Volume of tank V=550 m3
Assume H= 4.5
A=550/4.5 = 122.22 m2
D= (4 x 122.22/) = 12.47 12.5 m

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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and
bending moment
One meter width of the wall is considered and
the thickness of the wall is estimated as
t=30H+50 = 185 mm. The thickness of wall is
assumed as 200 mm.
H2 4.5 2
  8.1  8
Dt 12.5  0.2
Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575
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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending
moment (Contd.)
Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.5 x 6.25 =161.72 kN
Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for bending moment
= -0.0146 (produces tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.53=13.3 kN-m

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Step 3: Design of section:
For M20 concrete cbc=7, For Fe415 steel st=150 MPa
and m=13.33 for M20 concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are:
m cbc
k  0.39
m cbc   st

j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= ½ cbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth is calculated as
M 13.3x10 6
d   105.7 mm
Qb 1.19x1000
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Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective
cover 33 mm
dprovided=167 mm
M 13.3x10 6
A st    610.27 mm 2
 st jd 150x 0.87 x167
Spacing of 16 mm diameter bar =
201x1000
 329.36mmc / c
610.27
(Max spacing 3d=501mm)
Provide #16@300 c/c as vertical reinforcement
on water face
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Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
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Hoop steel: T 161.72x10
A st1    1078.13mm 2
 st 150
113 x1000
Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =  104mmc / c
1078.13

Provide #12@100 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water

face
113 x1000
Actual area of steel provided A st   1130 mm 2
100

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Step 4: Check for tensile stress:
T 161.72x10 3
c    0.76 N / mm 2
1000t  (m  1)A st 1000x 200  (13.33  1) x1130

Permissible stress = 0.27fck=1.2 N/mm2 > c Safe

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Step 5: Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm2
50.24x1000
 104.7.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar = 480

Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal

distribution on the outer face.

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Step 5: Base slab:
The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm2
50.24x1000
 279.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar = 180

Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal

distribution on the outer face.

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A TYPICAL DRAWING

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Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467 Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com

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