MAGNETISM

By: GROUP V
 INTRODUCTION

• In the previous discussions, we learned that most

energy sources such as coal, oil, diesel, heat from
the earth’s interior are used to make turbines work,
which are then connected to a device called a
generator which converts mechanical energy
to electrical energy
 MAGNETISM

• Magnetism, phenomenon associated with magnetic

fields, which arise from the motion of electric charges.
This motion can take many forms. It can be an electric
current in a conductor or charged particles moving
through space, or it can be the motion of an electron in
an atomic orbital. Magnetism is also associated
with elementary particles, such as the electron, that have
a property called spin.
 MAGNETISM

• Basic to magnetism are magnetic fields and their effects

on matter, as, for instance, the deflection of moving
charges and torques on other magnetic objects. Evidence
for the presence of a magnetic field is the magnetic
force on charges moving in that field; the force is at
right angles to both the field and the velocity of
the charge. This force deflects the particles without
changing their speed.
 MAGNETISM

• One end of the magnet is called a north pole and the

other end a south pole. The force between a north and
a south pole is attractive, whereas the force between
like poles is repulsive. The magnetic field is
sometimes referred to as magnetic induction or
magnetic flux density; it is always symbolized by B.
Magnetic fields are measured in units of tesla (T).
 HOW DOES MAGNETISM
PRODUCE ELECTRICITY?
• When a conductor is placed in a changing magnetic field, the
electrons in the conductor move, generating an electric current.
Magnets produce such magnetic fields and can be used in
various configurations to generate electricity. Depending on the
kind of magnet used, a rotating electric generator can have
magnets placed in different locations and can generate
electricity in different ways. Most of the electricity in use
comes from generators that use magnetic fields to produce that
electricity.
Electric generators rotate coils of wires through magnetic fields created by
permanent or electric magnets. As the conducting coils move through the
magnetic fields, the electrons in the wires move, creating an electric current.
 USING MAGNETISM TO
CREATE ELECTRICITY
• While an increasing amount of electricity is produced by
solar panels and a small amount is obtained from batteries,
most electricity comes from generators that use magnetic
fields to create electricity. These generators are made up of
coils of wire that are either rotated through magnetic fields
or are stationary around a shaft with rotating magnets. In
either case, the coils of wire are exposed to changing
magnetic fields created by the magnets.
 USING MAGNETISM TO
CREATE ELECTRICITY
•The magnets can be permanent or electric
magnets. Permanent magnets are mainly used
in small generators, and they have the
advantage that they don't need a power
supply. Electric magnets are iron or steel
wound with wire. When electricity passes
through the wire, the metal becomes magnetic
and creates a magnetic field.
•
 USING MAGNETISM TO
CREATE ELECTRICITY
• The coils of wire of the generators are conductors,
and when the electrons in the wires are exposed to
changing magnetic fields, they move, creating an
electric current in the wires. The wires are
connected together, and the electricity eventually
leaves the power station and goes on to power
homes and factories.