INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ZYQ ENGINEERING SDN. BHD

MOHD AMIRUL BIN MD ZAIN

2015836448
NUR ZIANA BINTI MOHD ZAIN
2015898644
 Company Background

 ZYQ Engineering was established in 2012 by En. Zikri Zaini.

 In December 2014, ZYQ Engineering was upgraded to a
Sdn. Bhd status company on behalf of ZYQ ENGINEERING
SDN BHD.
 On Mac 2015 engineering has set up a new manufacturing-
related department that is the company's creation of a
company's building products which is Industrialized
Building System (IBS).
Vision
 Ensuring that the low income family and the poor
have the ability to have a home.
 Become a company that cares about social society of
Malaysia.
Mission
 Providing “Rumah Mampu Milik” and affordable homes
from market prices.
 Became a consulting company in the field of
construction and project management in Malaysia.
 Being a developer company focused on only affordable
home in Malaysia.
 Background of Company Directors
ENGR. MOHD ZIKRI BIN MD ZAINI
Bach. Of Eng. (Hons) Civil & Dip. Civil Eng.
Education
• SPM Civil Engineering, Sek. Men. Teknik Sg.
Buloh
• Diploma In Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaysia
Pahang
• Bachelor in Civil Engineering, Universiti
Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam.
Working Experience
• Site Supervisor at IJM Construction Sdn. Bhd.
(2006- 2009)
• Civil and Structure Engineer ZYQ Engineering
(2009- now)
Commissioning
• Graduated Engineer registered with Board
Engineering Malaysia (BEM)
• Registered with Institute Engineer Malaysia
(IEM) – G 64762
Organization Chart
 Daily Task
 For the first two weeks, I was assigned to the
construction department and my supervisor is En
Hafiz.
 Under supervision En Hafiz, I learn how to be a site
supervisor. So my daily task is to report the progress
of the house until finish.
 There are five steps of payment needed to be tally
with the progress of the house.
 Mini Project
Introduction
 The concrete industry today is the most consumers of limited
natural resources, such as water, sand, gravel and crushed
rock. It has been reported that the concrete industry will
consume 8 to 12 billion tonnes of natural aggregates per years
after 2010.

 The growing need for sustainable development has motivated

researchers to focus their experiments on the use of waste or
recycled materials into potential construction material.
 Palm kernel is covered by a hard endocarp which is called palm
kernel shell and is alternatively known as oil palm shell. OPKS
have high flakiness index and includes a variety of thickness.

 Roving fiberglass is high-performance reinforcement fibers

and more efficient than polymer fibers because of their high-
tensile and modulus of elasticity.

 By referring the previous experiment, we conduct a new

research with the aim of this research is to develop a
lightweight aggregate concrete that produces a high
compressive and to investigate the effect of OPKS sizes and
presence of fiber the shellcrete.
 Problem Statement

1. Using handmade wooden mold during making the

shellcrete might result the size of the shellcrete are not
same with each other. Therefore the accurate reading
and focus must be done during making the wooden
mold to ensure the size is the same.

2. The formation of the shellcrete might not occur due

to absent of the proportion of sand.
 Objectives

1. The lightweight concrete building brick that follows ASTM

standard C55 which is the dry density lesser than 1680 kg/m3.

2. The results of water absorption indicate that all shellcrete

specimens comply the specification for lightweight concrete
building brick as required in ASTM C55.

3. The compressive strength that satisfies the strength

requirement of structural lightweight concrete.

4. Low-cost and high strength building wall material.

 Research Methodology
 Specimen preparation

Cover bricks with plastic

coatings. The curing process will
take about two weeks.

Removing ready brick

from mold.

Concrete blocks should be kept in

the mold for 24 hours for drying.

Mix the concrete mixture into the mold,

and stir or vibrate so that the mold can
be solved in the mold and up to all
angles.

Start by mixing the water in the container

and stirring the mixture continuously with
the mechanical mixer

Put the mixture of cement, sand and palm

kernel shell in the container according to the
specified ratio.

Palm Kernel shells are washed and soaked

for an hour. Then sun dried for five hours.
 Bulk Density

Measure the dimension

of the brick.

Record the
mass

Calculate the
volume

Calculation of
Bulk Density
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝑀)
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑉 )
 Water Absorption Test

Take the weight of all Enter all the

Take the weight
bricks individually. Let observation in
of each brick.
it be W2 Newton's. tabular form.
Let it be W1

Immerse all the bricks in

the water tank at room Take out each brick Calculate the percentage
from water tank and of water absorption of
temperature for period wipe all of the surface
of 24 hours. every sample and find the
with dry cloth. average of all the samples.
  Compressive Strength Test

The load at failure is

Apply the load axially at maximum load at which
Place the specimen Calculation the Strenght
a uniform rate till the specimen fails to
Labels all the with the horizontal 𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑁)
failure occur and note produce any futher
specimen between plates of the 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 (𝑚𝑚)
maximum load at increase in the indicator
testing machine.
failure. reading on the
compression machine.
 Result and Discussion
 Bulk Density
Kernel Size (mm) Dry Brick (Kg) Density (Kg/m3)

>9.5 1.89 828.947

4.75- 9.5 2.12 929.826

2.36- 4.75 2.33 1021.930

Table.1. Bulk density shellcrete with Fiber

Kernel Size (mm) Dry Brick (Kg) Density (Kg/m3)

>9.5 1.90 833.33

4.75- 9.5 2.50 1096.49

2.36- 4.75 2.70 1184.21

Table.2. Bulk density shellcrete without Fiber

Bulk Density (Kg/m3)

Palm Kernel Size (mm)

Fig.4. The bulk density of fiber and non-fiber shellcrete

Water Absorption
Kernel Size (mm) Wet Brick (Kg) Water Absorption (%)

>9.5 2.50 32.27

4.75- 9.5 2.40 13.21

2.36- 4.75 2.70 15.88

Table.3. Water absorption of shellcrete with fiber

Kernel Size (mm) Wet Brick (Kg) Water Absorption (%)

>9.5 2.20 15.79

4.75- 9.5 2.80 12.00

2.36- 4.75 3.00 11.11

Table.4. Water absorption of shellcrete without fiber

 300

250
Water Absorption (Kg/m3)

200

Without Fiber
150 With Fiber

100

50

0
> 9.5 4.75 - 9.5 2.36 - 4.75

Palm Kernel Size (mm)

Fig.5. The water absorption of fiber and non-fiber shellcrete

Compressive Strength Test

Kernel Size (mm) Strength (MPa)

>9.5 1.55

4.75- 9.5 1.83

2.36- 4.75 1.75

Table.5. Compressive strength of shellcrete with fiber

Kernel Size (mm) Strength (MPa)

>9.5 2.24

4.75- 9.5 1.63

2.36- 4.75 2.85

Table.6. Compressive strength of shellcrete without fiber

 3

2.5
Compressive Strength (MPa)

Without Fiber
1.5 With Fiber

0.5

0
> 9.5 4.75 - 9.5 2.36 - 4.75

Palm Kernel Size (mm)

Fig.7. The compressive strength of fiber and non-fiber shellcrete

 Conclusion
1. The bulk density of shellcrete increase when the sizes of OPKS decrease. The

addition of fiber decrease the bulk density of the shellcrete compared to shellcrete

without fiber. However, the result shows the shellcrete meets the requirement for

The ASTM standard C55 of the lightweight concrete building brick. This study found

that the density of shellcrete can be designed as low as 850 kg/m3.

2. The larger the size of OPKS tends to absorbed more water than small size of

OPKS. The result of shellcrete without fiber shows the constant water absorption.

As a result, it can be neglect due to error cause by human error and technical error.

However, the results indicate that all shellcrete specimens comply the specification

for lightweight concrete building brick as required in ASTM C55 which maximum

water absorption required below than 320 kg/m3.

3. In general, it can be concluded that the compressive of the shellcrete increase
with decrease in the size of OPKS in mixtures. However for shellcrete with fiber the
high-strength performance of shellcrete was attributable to the use of a medium
size OPKS size. But the fiber gives low compressive strength to compare with
shellcrete without fiber. Comparing the result with the Malaysian Standard, all
shellcrete samples do not achieved the compressive strength higher than the
required strength by the MS 76 [Article 5] Class 1 for load bearing purposes which
the minimum compressive strength is 5 MPa. The maximum compressive strength
for this is 2.8 MPa.
4. Consider the both mechanical characteristic, the suitable OPKS size for mix
proportion of the shellcrete 1 cement: 1.5 OPKS is 4.75- 9.5 with addition of fiber.
However, there are some adjustments needed to increase the compressive strength
of the shellcrete.
 Cost Calculation
10 tan of oil palm kernel shell = RM180
1 bag cement (25 kg) = RM 10
1 liter of water = RM 0.05
Production of a shellcrete will use: 1.5 kg oil palm kernel shell
1.0 kg cement
0.9 kg of water

Oil palm kernel shell: RM 0.03

Cement: RM 0.40
Water: RM 0.05
Total cost of a shellcrete: RM 0.48
 APPENDICES

Fig.8 Drying of OPKS Fig.9 Water Absorption Test

Fig.10 Samples of Shellcrete with Fiber Fig.11 Samples of Shellcrete without Fiber

Fig.12 Measure the Size of Shellcrete Fig.13 Compression Testing Machine