HARMONIC MOTION

A horizontally mounted spring has its left end held

stationary. When a spring balance is attached to the free end
and pulled toward the right, the stretching force of 5.00 N
caused a displacement of 2 cm. What is the force constant
of the spring?
F = -kx Times Up
T = 𝟐𝝅
𝒎
f=
𝟏
( )
𝟐𝝅
𝒈
𝒍
𝑻𝟐 = 𝟒 𝝅𝟐 (𝒍/𝒈)
𝒌
𝟏 𝒌 𝟒𝝅𝟐 𝒍
f= ( ) 𝑻𝟐 = 𝒎 T = 𝟐𝝅
𝟐𝝅 𝒎 𝒌 𝒈
HARMONIC MOTION
A repetitive, periodic, oscillatory, or vibratory
motion where the motion is repeated in equal
intervals of time. It is usually done by objects that
are stretched or bent from normal positions and
released, which produces a movement backward
and forward or from side to side or vibrating
motion.
HARMONIC MOTION
Example:

Pendulum Clock
HARMONIC MOTION
Example:

Earth Orbiting the Sun

HARMONIC MOTION
Example:

Spring
QUANTITIES OF HARMONIC MOTION
1. Period (T) – unit is second
2. Amplitude (A) – unit is meter
3. Frequency (f) – unit is Hz or Hertz
QUANTITIES OF HARMONIC MOTION
QUANTITIES OF HARMONIC MOTION
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Type of repititive motion which is characterized by
Hooke's Law.

F = -kx F – force
k – constant k
x - displacement
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
A horizontally mounted spring has its left end held
stationary. When a spring balance is attached to the free end
and pulled downward, the stretching force of 5.00 N caused
a displacement of 2 cm. What is the force constant of the
spring?
Given: Solution:
F = -5.0N F = -kx
x = 2cm; 0.02m k = -F/x
2
k=? = -(-5.0kg.m/𝑠 )/0.02m
k = 250 kg/ 𝑠 2
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
1. For a vibrating mass (m) on a spring of force constant k:
𝟏 𝒌
f= ( )
𝟐𝝅 𝒎

𝒎 𝟒𝝅𝟐
T = 𝟐𝝅 or 𝑻𝟐 = 𝒎
𝒌 𝒌
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Example Problem:
A force of 0.004 N exerted to a spring produces 3 cm increase in its length.
When a mass of 8 kilograms is attached to the spring, find the period and
frequency of the simple harmonic motion produced?
Given: 1 𝑘
F = -kx 𝑚 f=( )
m=8 kg; T = 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝑚
𝑘
x = 3 cm; 0.05m k = -F/x 1 0.08𝑘𝑔/𝑠 2
−(−0.004𝑘𝑔.𝑚/𝑠 2 ) 8 kg = ( )
F = 0.004 N k= T = 2𝜋
0.08 kg/𝑠 2 2𝜋 8𝑘𝑔
T=? 0.05𝑚
= 0.08 kg/𝑠 2 = 2𝜋 100𝑠 2
1
= ( ) 0.01𝑠 2
f=? 2𝜋
= 62.83s
= 0.16 cycle/s or Hz
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Example Problem:
The mass of a harmonic oscillator is 0.300 kg and the ideal spring has a
Times Up
force constant 150 N/m. What is the period and the frequency of motion?

,
..
.
,,
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
1. For a vibrating mass (m) on a spring of force constant k:
𝟏 𝒈
f= ( )
𝟐𝝅 𝒍

𝒍
T = 𝟐𝝅 or 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟒 𝝅𝟐 (𝒍/𝒈)
𝒈
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Example Problem:
What is the length of a pendulum whose period is 2.50 sec.
Given:
T = 2.50s 𝑇 2 = 4 𝜋 2 (𝑙/𝑔)
𝑔 = 9.8m/𝑠 2 𝑙 = 𝑇 2 𝑔/4 𝜋 2
𝑙=? = (2.50s)2 (9.8m/𝑠 2 ) / 4𝜋 2
= 6.25𝑠 2 (9.8m/𝑠 2 ) / 4𝜋 2
= 61.25m / 4𝜋 2
𝑙 = 12.29m or 151.13m?
FREQUENCY AND PERIOD OF OBJECTS
PRODUCING SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Example Problem:
What is the frequency of a vibrating pendulum if its length is 1.5 m. What is
its period? Times Up

,
..
.
,,
Exercises:

1. A 5 kg wooden block is fastened to the end of a spring. The ball is pulled

10 cm to one side by a force of 5 N. Find the force constant of the spring
and the period of vibration

2. What is the length of a simple pendulum that makes 200 complete swings
in seconds?