Tao,

Bahay,
Lindol!
Earthquakes

By: RBZ
 Last March 11, 2011
earthquake takes place 231
MARCH 11,
miles northeast of Tokyo. It is
the fourth-largest

2011
earthquake on record (since
1900) and the largest to
hit Japan.
 What is
EARTHQUAKE?
It is a sudden and violent
1
shaking of the ground,
2
sometimes causing great
destruction,
3 as a result of
movements
4 within the
earth's crust.
5
 Why does an
EARTHQUAKE
occurs?
Earthquake happens
when there is IGNATULF.
It is where the energy
released produces
seismic waves that make
the ground shake.
The forces of magma
rising above the earth’s
surface during a
VAOCILCN NEURITOP
may also cause
Earthquake.
 San Andreas Fault

The land to the west is moving north. The land to the east of the
fault is moving south. All the rocks do not move at the same time
so earthquakes occur in one area and then another.
 San Andreas Fault

The land to the west is moving north. The land to the east of the
fault is moving south. All the rocks do not move at the same time
so earthquakes occur in one area and then another.
 San Francisco Quake

• In 1906, movement along the San Andreas fault caused an

earthquake in San Francisco.
Earthquakes which occur on the ocean floor
produce giant sea waves called tsunami.
Location Date UTC Mag.
Chile May 22, 9.5
1960
Sumatra, December 9.1
Indonesia 26, 2004

Honshu, March11, 9.0

Japan 2011
Location Date UTC Mag.
Chile February 8.8
27, 2010
Haiti January 7.0
12, 2010

JAPAN EARTHQUAKE FOOTAGE

GUIDE QUESTIONS
• Why did a tsunami occur in
Japan last March 11, 2011?
• What have you realized after
watching the video?
• If you were in that situation,
what will you do in order to
survive?
• Based on this video,
identify the different effects
of an earthquake to our
environment.
• As a Scholastican student,
how are you going to
prepare your self and your
family with this kind of
calamity?
JAPAN EARTHQUAKE
FOOTAGE
 Focus
The point beneath the surface
where the rocks break and
move is called the focus. The
focus is the underground
origin of an earthquake.
 Epicenter
Directly above the focus, on the
Earth’s surface is the epicenter.
During an earthquake, the most
violent shaking is found at the
epicenter.
 Seismic
It is an elastic wave in the
earth produced by an
earthquake.
 Seismic
Waves
1. Body Waves
2. Surface Waves
 BODY WAVES
This wave arrives before
the surface waves emitted
by an earthquake.
 BODY WAVES
Primary Waves Secondary Waves
It is the fastest kind of S wave is slower
seismic wave. than a P wave
They travel through It can only move
solids, liquids and through solid rock.
gases.
P waves push and pull S waves move rock
the rocks. particles up and
down.
SURFACE WAVES
This wave travels only
through the crust. It is
entirely responsible for the
damage and destruction
associated with earthquakes.
 SURFACE WAVES
Love Waves Rayleigh Waves
It's the fastest A Rayleigh wave rolls
surface wave. along the ground.
It moves the ground It moves the ground
from side-to-side. up and down.

Love waves produce Most of the shaking

entirely horizontal felt is due to the
motion. Rayleigh wave.
SEISMOGRAPH

It is an
instrument that
measures and
records details
of earthquakes,
such as force
and duration.
SEISMOLOGIST
Seismologists study
earthquakes. They can
determine the strength
of an earthquake by the
height of the wavy line
recorded on the paper.
The Richter Scale
defines the:

MAGNITUDE OF AN
EARTHQUAKE.
The Mercalli Scale
defines the:

INTENSITY OF AN
EARTHQUAKE.