Nyoman Pastika

NIM. 1412021205
 
A. Introduction
B. Review of Related Literature
C. Research Method
D. Findings and Discussion
E. Conclusions
 Introduction
Manik & Sinurat (2015) state that
writing is a process of placing
thought, ideas, opinions,
experiences, events, and histories
 Hourani & Randall (2008) explain that
writing becomes to be considered and
chosen when “higher level skill”, such
such as writing letters, notes, as organization, content, and
shopping list, etc. structure, and “lower level skills”, like
punctuation and the choice of
vocabulary items and the structures of
grammar are taken into account.

Batstone (1994) states that

language without grammar
Brown (2000) states that the reasons
would be chaotic and cause
why students find difficulties in
problem such as grammatical Watcharapunyawong &
writing because the difference of the
errors either writing or in Usaha (2013) state that error
structure of the learners’ mother
speaking. is produced due to the fact
tongue with the structure of their
that the students may not be
target language.
able to identify what is
correct and incorrect.
 Review of Related Literature

Theoretical Review
1. Definition of Writing
2. Recount texts
3. The Differences between Mistakes and Errors
4. Errors Analysis in EFL
5. Types of Grammatical Errors
6. Sources of Errors
7. Empirical Review
 

Types of Errors
Sources of Errors
Murrow’s (2004) and Dulay,
Brown’s theory
Burt, and Krashen (1982)
 
Empirical Review
1. Singh, Jageer Singh, Abd Razak, & Ravinthari (2017)
2. Rattanadilok, Phuket, Aman, & Aman (2015)
3. Promsupa (2017)
4. Agustina (2016)
5. Hartini (2014)
6. Pramayani (2017)
7. Utami (2008)
 Research Method

Research Design

This1.research
Collectingis a descriptive
the Data
research. 1.Verb errors
Cresswell (1994,
Setting of the Study 2. Identifying
2. Noun Grammatical
errors
The study
p.12) was conducted
clarifies that at
3. Conjunction Errors errors
tenth
qualitative grade students
study an of
inquiry
Subject of Study 3.
The
4. Classifying
1. Researcher the Data
SMA 1. Preposition
process participants
Negeri
Pre-Observation
of errors
of this
1 Banjar.
comprehending The a
4. Calculating
2.were
Writing Taskthe
2.study 5. Article
Conducting
school
social is 34
problem errors
students
located
the at onX
Research
based
IPA Grammatical
13.which
Questionnaire Errors
Object of the Study 3. 6.
Banyuatis
building Pronoun
Calculating consist
errors
Village,
a complex, of 19
theBanjar
Data
holistic
5. males
Analyzing
4.
7.and the
Interview
Omission
15 Sources
females. of
District,
picture, Buleleng Regency,
formed by Errorswords,
Grammatical
8. Addition
Method of Data Bali,
reporting Indonesia.
detail views ofof
6. Reporting the
9. Misformation Result
Collection informants, and conducting
10. the Analysis
Misordering
Research Instrument 7. inDrawing
natural setting.
Conclusion

Data Analysis
Triangulation
 Findings and Discussion

 After conducting the analysis, it was found that the
students made errors in using of verb (missing verb,
verb tenses, gerund, and to-infinitive), noun,
conjunction, preposition, article, pronoun, omission
(preposition, article, to be, conjunction, marker, and
pronoun), addition (simple addition), misformation
(regularization), and misordering.
No Categories Examples of Errors Total
Errors
1 Verb a. When the selection begins, I feel nervous (3VE) 152
b. I helped my mother to washed and cooked (12VE)
2 Noun a. And many experience in the grandma home (2NE) 16

3 Conjunction a.
b.

b.

I saw flower and many butterfly (17NE)
I with my family to celebration birth day my grandma. (2CE)
selection start from 07.30 am to arrive 04.00 pm (24CE)
7

4 Article a. It was the nice time for fishing because I had no work to do. (15AE) 11

5 Preposition a. In Sunday I went to Renon to relax in my worked. (26PRE) 37

6 Pronoun a. Until 10.30 pm we went to CU at Wanagiri village, and meet with we 15

friends. (8PE)

7 Omission a. Its place _ in Singaraja city park (3OM) 42

b. so _ could read them again (16OM)

8 Addition a. In there I was very happy (6Add) 40

9 Misformatio a. On the semester holiday I spended three days and two nights in 4
n Denpasar (32MF)

10 Misordering a. In the afternoon I and my family watched television until night 14

(12MS)
1
Verb errors

44.97%

2
Noun errors

4.73%

3
Conjunction errors

2.07%

4
Article errors

3.25%

5
Preposition errors 10.94%


6
Pronoun errors
4.44%

7
Omission
12.42%
Types of Errors

8
Addition
11.83%

Misformation
1.11%

10

Misordering
4.14%
 Sources of Errors

30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

-
Interlingual Intralingual Context of Learning Communication
strategies
Percentage 27.99 2.31 24.26 24.69
 Discussion

Preposition
Verb Errors
Errors

Noun Errors Omission

Conjunction
Addition
Errors

Article Errors Misformation

Pronoun Errors Misordering

Conclusions 
1. It was found that the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1
Banjar committed the ten types of errors in their writings. It
was in line with the theory from Murrow and Dulay et al.
Those were verb was 43.93%, omission was 12.72%, addition
was 12.12%, preposition was 10.90%, noun was 4.84%,
pronoun was 4.54%, misordering was 3.33%, article was 3.25%
conjunction was 2.12%, and misformation was 1. 21%.
2. Based on the questionnaire and interview, there were four
types of sources of errors that led the students committed
errors in writing recount texts. Interlingual transfer became the
most sources of error that led the students made errors. Then it
followed by communication strategies. Context of learning was
the third place that caused the students committed errors.
Finally, the last source of error that caused the students made
errors was intralingual transfer.