CHEMISTRY

PROJECT
AIM: ASSESSMENT OF
CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
(COD) OF WASTE WATER.
REAGENTS & SOLUTIONS: Standard
K2Cr2O7(0.1N),FAS Solution
(0.1N),Silver sulphate-Sulphuric acid
solution(2g Silver sulphate dissolved
in 1000ml of 20% sulphuric acid
solution),HgSO4 ,Ferroin indicator.
APPARATUS USED:COD
digester
setup,burette,pipette,conica
l flask and burette stand.
PRINCIPLE: The chemical oxygen
demand determines the amount of
oxidizable organic pollutants found in
surface water, making COD a useful
measure of water quality. It is
expressed in milligrams per
liter(mg/L),which indicates the mass of
oxygen consumed per liter of solution.
The COD is determined by refluxing the
sample in the presence of excess
K2Cr2O7,which serves as oxidizing agent.
 2 4
oxidation of low molecular weight fatty
acids. Mercuric sulfate(HgSO4) is added to
complex any chloride is present, thus
preventing the precipitation of the Ag+
catalyst as AgCl.After refluxing for 30
mins,the solution is cooled to room
temperature and the excess Cr2O72- is
determined by a back titration, using
Ferrous ammonium sulphate as the titrant
and ferroin as the indicator. Since it is
difficult to completely remove all the
traces of organic matter fro the reagents,a
blank titration is performed. The
 sample tube.
 Add 20mL of Potassium dichromate solution,30mL of
silver sulphate-Sulphuric acid mixture and 0.5g of
mercuric sulphate to it.Add one porcelain bit to the
reaction vessel.
 Insert the reaction vessels in the holes of the heating
block, which has attained 150C.Fix the air condenser
on reaction vessel.
 Reflux the contents for 30 mins,cool to room
temperature and transfer the contents in 200mL
conical flask. Transfer all the contents by washing
the tubes with 10mL distilled water.
 Titrate the excess potassium dichromate with
standard ferrous ammonium sulphate solution using
4 to 5 drops of ferroin indicator.
 The end point is change of color from yellow to
OBSERVATIONS:
Type of Volume of Burette Volume of
water sample Reading FAS(mL)
taken(mL) (mL)
INITIA FINAL
L
Sewage 0 21.3 (V2 )21.3
Water(Vit
Lake)
Blank(Distilled 0 19.2 (V1 )19.2
Water)
CALCULATION:
VOLUME OF STANDARD FAS CONSUMED FOR BLANK TITRATION(V 1)=
VOLUME OF STANDARD FAS CONSUMED FOR BLANK TITRATION(V 2 )=
STRENGTH OF STANDARD FAS(N1)=
VOLUME OF SAMPLE WATER(V3)=

COD=(V1-V2)*N1*8*100 PPM
V3
= 20.8 PPM
RESULT:The COD of the given
sample of water = 20.8
ppm
PROJECT BY:

 TANISHQ D CRUZ
 SHEIK NAZEER
 UTKARSH DEEPANKAR
 B.SHUBANKAR
 YASHODEEP SANT
 PALLAVIT BIST