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PSYCHOLOGY
TOPI C 1 : I NT R OD UCT IO N TO E DU CAT IO NAL PSYCHO LO G Y
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Describe some basic ideas about the field of educational psychology.
• Identify the attitudes and skills of an effective teacher.
• Discuss why research is important to effective teaching and how
educational psychologists and teachers can conduct and evaluate
research.
Educational Psychology
Historical Background of Educational
Psychology
E.L
William Jones John Dewey
Thorndike
(1842-1910) (1859-1952)
(1874-1949)
William James (1842-1910)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XH0qf2crD9Y
John Dewey (1859-1952)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGjSMqwlP3E
E. L. Thorndike (1874-1949)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yEKM51c3lys
Educational Psychology’s
Historical Background
1980s Cognitive
1950s Bloom’s Psychology
Taxonomy of memory, thinking,
Cognitive Skills reasoning – to help
student learn
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Bloom’s taxonomy
• Create: Produce new or original work: *Design, assemble, construct, conjecture, develop,
formulates, author, investigates.
• Evaluate: Justify a stand or decision. *Appraise, argue, defend, judge, select, support, value,
critique, weigh.
• Remember: Recall facts and basic concepts. * define, duplicate, list, memorize, repeat, state.
Cognitive Psychology
• Ulric (Dick) Neisser was the “father of cognitive psychology” and an
advocate for ecological approaches to cognitive research. Neisser was a
brilliant synthesizer of diverse thoughts and findings. He was an
elegant, clear, and persuasive writer.
• Scientific study of mind and mental function, including learning,
memory, attention, perception, reasoning, language, conceptual
development, and decision making. The modern study of cognition
rests on the premise that the brain can be understood as a complex
computing system.
• Analyses of memory, learning, thinking, problem solving, language, and
consciousness as they occur in real world contexts.
Teaching as Art & Science
Effective
Teaching
Professional Commitment
knowledge and and
Skills Motivation
Effective Teaching
Professional Knowledge and Skills
Effective Teachers:
• Exhibit subject matter competence
• Implement appropriate instructional strategies: techniques teachers use
to help students become independent, strategic learners.
• Set high goals for themselves and students and plan for instruction
• Create developmentally appropriate instructional materials and activities
• Manage classrooms for optimal learning
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jC3D7O-ByLE
Educational Psychology
Effective Teachers:
• Use effective strategies to promote students’ motivation to learn : sometime use ‘humor’
to get attention.
• Communicate well with students and parents
• Pay more than lip service to individual variations: In the classroom, the students have
diverse characteristic so they need much though and effort to teach. It makes a teacher
pay attention to each their learners in taking every subject and how to solve classroom
problems
• Work effectively with students from culturally diverse backgrounds
• Have good assessment skills
• Integrate technology into the curriculum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoOiPtvdWeY
Effective Teaching
Commitment and Motivation
Effective Teachers:
• Have a good attitude
• Care about students
• Invest time and effort
• Bring a positive attitude and enthusiasm to the classroom
Educational Psychology:
A Tool for Effective Teaching
Why Research
is Important
Research in
Educational
Psychology
Research Program
Methods Evaluation
Research in Educational Psychology
Research Is Important
Based on the scientific method, researchers
Conceptualize the problem
Collect data
Draw conclusions
Revise research conclusions
and theory
Theory
Hypothesis
The Scientific Research Approach
• Ethnographic Studies :
• also known as qualitative research. The instrument used to
gather data in the study is the researcher. Data can be
gathered through interviews, observations, and document
analysis.
• Researchers completely immerse themselves in the lives,
culture, or situation they are studying. They are often
lengthy studies.
Focus Group
• a gathering of deliberately selected people who participate in a
planned discussion that is intended to elicit consumer perceptions
about a particular topic or area of interest in an environment that is
non-threatening and receptive. The focus group is a collective on
purpose.
• used in focus group interview with students.
Personal Journals and DiariePersonal Journals and Diaries
Journals and Diaries