PRELIMINARY STUDY OF

PALEOZOIC – MESOZOIC STATIGRAPHY

IN EASTERN INDONESIA

Gadjah Mada University, Department of Geological Engineering

Herning Dyah Kusuma W

 Location
 Regional Geology
- Plate Tectonic Setting
- Tectonic Evolution
 Structure
 Stratigraphy
- Regional Comparison
 Petroleum Geology
 Conclusion
 Focus study

Sedimentary cover in Eastern Indonesia

(Livsey et al, 1992)
 Study area :
Pre Tertiary- Tertiary Basin
 Location
 Regional Geology
- Plate Tectonic Setting
- Tectonic Evolution
 Stratigraphy
- Regional Comparison
 Petroleum Geology
 Conclusion
 Global tectonic framework of Indonesia

Physiography of Indonesia indicates two existing great shelves (i.e. Sunda Shelf in the west and
Sahul Shelf in the east) separated by deep marines (i.e. Sulawesi Sea, Flores Sea and Banda Sea)
This configuration suggests that Western Indonesia is a part of Eurasia whilst Eastern Indonesia
originated from Australia.
 Westward Pacific plate
movement resulted in
sinistral, strike slip motion

Study area is
situated in Eastern
Indonesia (Eastern
part Sulawesi,
Banda Outer Arc,
Irian Jaya), the
locus of three
converging and
colliding major
plates, the Indo-
Australia Plate, the
Pacific Plate, and
Subduction Australian the Eurasian Plate
continental plate beneath
oceanic Banda sea plate (arc) (neogene).
Study Area

Present East Indonesia and the northern Australia continental margin regional tectonic
elements. Hill (2005); Barber et al.,(2003); Pigram & Panggabean (1984).
NW
Tanimbar Trough
SE TIMOR-TANIMBAR
AREA

Barber et al.(2003)

Schematic cross section across the Timor collisional orogen showing the
elements of anatomy from Sahul Shelf, Timor collisional ridge, inactive
volcanic arc, to the Banda Sea

modified after Simandjuntak and Barber (1996) in Satyana et al. (2007).

SW NE
B Seram Trough B’ BANDA AREA

Pairault et al. (2003)

Schematic regional cross section across

Seram showing the elements of
anatomy of collision between the Bird’s
Head continental crust and the Seram
island.

3D visualisation of present tectonic

setting of Banda Arc

Hill (2005)
 SULAWESI; BANGGAI-
SULA AREA

Geologic setting of Sulawesi and cross section across the Sulawesi orogeny showing
the elements of collisional anatomy resulted from collision between the Sundaland
continent and the Banggai-Sula microcontinent (upper figure from Wilson and Moss,
1999; lower figure from Simandjuntak and Barber, 1996 in Satyana 2007).
 PAPUA;
CENTRAL RANGE AREA

Tectonic setting of Papua and section across its tectonic elements. Elements of
anatomy of Papua Central Ranges are shown on the section from undeformed Merauke
Platform, through foreland basin, collisional orogen and suture, to oceanic crust of
Pacific Plate (modified after Simandjuntak and Barber, 1996 in Satyana et al., 2007).
 Location
 Regional Geology
- Plate Tectonic Setting
- Tectonic Evolution
 Stratigraphy
- Regional Comparison
 Petroleum Geology
 Conclusion
 Schematic diagram showing times of
separation and subsequent collision of
the continental slivers/collages of
terranes that rifted from
Gondwanaland and translated
northwards by the opening and
closing of four successive oceans, the
Palaeo-Tethys, Meso-Tethys, Ceno-
Tethys and Banda (?).

Oligocene-
Miocene- Pliocene (Banggai,
Pliocene
Sula, Buton – West Sulawesi)
Gondwana
(Australia)
Banda
Banda
SeaSea

Pliocene Metcalfe (2006) with modification.

(Passive margin Australia)
Distribution of continental blocks, fragments
and terranes, and principal sutures of Southeast
Asia.
Numbered microcontinental blocks:
1. Hainan Islandterranes, 11. North P
2. Sikuleh, 12. Paracel
3. Paternoster, 13. Maccles
4. Mangkalihat, 14. East Sul
5. West Sulawesi, 15. Bangai–
6. Semitau, 16. Buton,
7. Luconia, 17. Obi– Ba
8. Kelabit–Longbowan, 18. Buru– S
9. Spratley Islands– Dangerous Ground, 19.West Iria
10.Reed Bank,
50 Ma
End Early Eocene 30 Ma
New Guinea passive
margin collides with Mid Oligocene
leading edge of east
Philippines-
Halmahera-New
Guinea arc system.
Ophiolite was
emplaced in SE
Sulawesi.

Collision between
NW Australia and
Sepic Island arc had
emplaced ophiolites
on the north New
Guinea margin

Australia separating
from Antarctica and
move northward

Hall (2001).
20 Ma
Early Miocene 5 Ma
Continental crust Late Miocene
(micro-continent)
were emplaced in
Sulawesi on splays
at western end of
the Sorong Fault
system.

Double subduction
system developed
in Molucca Sea.

Opening Banda
Sea

Northern Margin
Australia collide
with Banda Arc.

Hall (2001).
Recent

Focus study

Legend :

: Australian continental
Plate and including
Micro-continent
Fragment
: Arc or ophiolite

: Accreted crust (Eurasia)

Hall (2001).
 Location
 Regional Geology
- Plate Tectonic Setting
- Tectonic Evolution
 Stratigraphy
- Regional Comparison
 Petroleum Geology
 Conclusion
Stratigraphic Location
Index :
A. Bonaparte
B. Timor
C. Tanimbar
D. Kai
E. Seram
F. Buru
G. Buton
H. East Sulawesi
I. Banggai-Sula
J. Obi
K. Misol
L. Salawati
M. Bintuni
N. Lengguru
O. Central Range
 Intense compression, thrusting and uplift due to Neogene
Australian continental plate collision with Indonesian arc system

Seram-Buru microcontinent began move to east

POST BREAK UP (Passive Margin Sequence)

BREAK UP

RIFT
(Intra cratonic Rifting Sequence)
INFRARIFT

POST BREAK UP

BREAK UP

RIFT

INFRARIFT
Collision East Sulawesi microcontinent with Sulawesi via sorong splay and latter Buton-
Tukangbesi and Banggai-Sula microcontinent. Locking of splay of Sorong fault caused
subduction initiate at eastern margin of Molucca Sea. Double subduction developed in
Molluca Sea.
Opening Banda Sea due to Buton-Tukangbesi and Banggai-Sula separation

POST BREAK UP (Passive Margin Sequence)

BREAK UP

RIFT

(Intra cratonic Rifting Sequence)

INFRARIFT
 Bird head microcontinent collides with Papua and moved
north along a strike-slip fault at Aru basin edge
(Lengguru collision).

Northern passive margin Australia/ Northern Papua

collided with oceanic island arc (Central range collision).

POST BREAK UP (Passive Margin Sequence)

BREAK UP

RIFT
(Intra cratonic Rifting Sequence)
INFRARIFT

POST BREAK UP

BREAK UP

RIFT

INFRARIFT
OUTER
BANDA Stratigraphic Corelation (H-G-B-A)

Australian continental plate collision with Indonesian arc system

Collision East Sulawesi microcontinent with Sulawesi via sorong splay and latter
Buton-Tukangbesi.

Opening Banda Sea due to Buton-Tukangbesi and Banggai-Sula separation

POST BREAK UP (Passive Margin Sequence)

BREAK UP

RIFT

(Intra cratonic Rifting Sequence)

INFRARIFT

POST BREAK UP

BREAK UP

RIFT

INFRARIFT
 Stratigraphic Corelation (A-C-D-O)

Australian continental plate collision with Indonesian arc system

Collision East Sulawesi microcontinent with Sulawesi via sorong splay and latter
Buton-Tukangbesi.

Opening Banda Sea due to Buton-Tukangbesi and Banggai-Sula separation

POST BREAK UP (Passive Margin Sequence)

BREAK UP

RIFT

(Intra cratonic Rifting Sequence)

INFRARIFT

POST BREAK UP

BREAK UP

RIFT

INFRARIFT
 Location
 Regional Geology
- Plate Tectonic Setting
- Tectonic Evolution
 Stratigraphy
- Regional Comparison
 Petroleum Geology
 Conclusion
Charlton, 2002
 PETROLEUM SYSTEM CHARACTERISTIC OF SOME FIELD IN EASTERN INDONESIA

FIELD RESERVOIR SOURCE ROCK SEAL

AREA TRAP
AGE FORMATION LITHOLOGY AGE FORMATION LITHOLOGY AGE FORMATION LITHOLOGY
Wiriagar Permian Ainim Carbonaceous anticline
Vorwata Mid.Jurassic Kembelangan Sandstone shale & coal Late Jurassic Upper Claystone and pinchout
BINTUNI Ofaweri Group Jurassic Yefbie shale & coal Kembelangan shale Pop-up structure
Roabiba anticline
Klamono Miocene Kais Limestone Miocene Kais Intraformational
SALAWATI Walio Miocene Klasefet Limestone Early Pliocene Klasaman Shale Miocene Klasefet Shale Thrust anticline
Kasim
Early-Mid. Kanikeh Calc.shale
SERAM Oseil Manusela Limestone Triassic Jurassic Late Jurassic Kola Shale Thrust anticline
Jurassic Manusela Carbonate
BANGGAI Tiaka Jurassic Bobong Sandstone Jurassic Buya Marine shale
Early Miocene Tomori Limestone Early. Miocene Salodik Shale & carbonate Late Miocene Matindok Marine shale Thrust anticline
Late Miocene Mtindok Sandstone
Abadi Mid. Jurassic Plover Sandstone Early. Jurassic Plover eq. Marine shale Early Cretaceous Echuca Shoals shale Normal Fault
TIMOR Bayu-Undan Mid.Jurassic Elang Sandstone Mid.Jurassic Elang Sandstone
Early Cretaceous Echuca Shoals shale
Plover Sandstone Plover Sandstone