LATIHAN SOAL-SOAL

FISIKA MODERN
2016
 ch = 12,4x10-3 MeV.A
moC2 = 0,051 MeV
1 ev = 1,6 x 10-19 J.s

Bentuk Relativistik
E2 = (mOC2)2 + (cp)2
Contoh 1.
An event occurs at x = 50 m, y = 20 m, z = 10 m, and t = 5 × 10 –8s
in frame S. What are the space-time coordinates of the event as
measured by an observer stationed in frame S', which is moving
relative to S with velocity 0.6c along the common x–x' axis.

Sol. Lorentz transformations are

Catatan :  = v/c
Contoh 2.
An event 1 occurs at x 1 = 20 m, t1 = 2 × 10–8s and event 2 occurs at
x2 = 60 m, t2 = 3 × 10–8s in frame S. A frame S' moves relative to S
with velocity 0.6 c along the common axis x – x'.
(i) What is the spatial separation of the events in frame S?
(ii) What is the time interval between the two events?

Sol. (i) The spatial separation of the events in frame S' is

(ii) The time interval between the events in frame S' is
Contoh 3.
Sebuah batang panjang sesungguhnya 1 m, membentuk sudut 45O
dengan sumbu X. Tentukan panjang batang dan sudutnya
terhadap sumbu X dalam kerangka yang bergerak dengan
kecepatan v = 0,5c sepanjang arah X-X’
Sol. Let l0 be the proper length of the rod and ' its inclination
with x'-axis in frame S'. The corresponding quantities in frame S
are l and . Then
……. (1)

……. (2)

Squaring and adding (1) and (2), we have

From (1) and (2), we have
 Contoh 4.
Jika energi total partikel adalah n kali energi diamnya, berapa
momentumnya?

Sol. Given that E = n m0c2. We know that the total energy of a

particle is given by
Contoh 5.
Pada momentum berapakah energi kinetik partikel sama dengan n
kali energi diamnya?

Sol. Given that: T = n m0c2 Kita tahu bahwa

Contoh 5.
Show that the velocity of a particle having total energy E is given by

Sol. We know that,

…..(1)

?
…..(2)

Substituting the value of p from

(2) in (1), we get
Contoh 6.
Show that the momentum p of a particle can be expressed in terms
of kinetic energy T as

Calculate the momentum of proton having kinetic energy of 500

MeV
Contoh 7.
Show that the velocity of a particle having momentum p is given by
Contoh 8.
Sebuah partikel bermassa m0 dikenai gaya F sepanjang sumbu x.
Partikel dimulai bergerak dari keadaan diamnya di x = 0 pada
t = 0. Tentukan posisi x sebagai fungsi waktu.

Sol. The equation of motion of the particle is

…………. (1)

Integrating and using the initial condition: at t = 0, v = 0, we have

Solving for v, we find
?
…………. (2)

Integrating (2), we have

 SOAL EFEK FOTOLISTRIK
Contoh 1.
Show that ch = 2𝜋ℏ𝑐 = 12400 eV Å = 1240 eV nm
Contoh 2.
Light of wavelength 2000 Å falls on aluminium surface, which has
work function of 4.2 eV. Calculate
(a) maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons.
(b) minimum kinetic energy of photoelectrons.
(c) cut-off wavelength.
(d) stopping potential.
Contoh 3.
In a photoelectric effect, it was observed that for light of wavelength
4000 Å, a stopping potential of 2.0 volt is needed and for light of
wavelength 6000 Å, a stopping potential of 1.0 volt. From these
data, calculate the work function of the material and the Planck’s
constant.

…….. (1)

…….. (2)
Contoh 1.
EFEK COMPTON
X-rays of wavelength 1.0 Å are scattered by a carbon block. The
scattered radiations are observed at 60°, 90°and 180°. Find (a)
Compton shift (b) kinetic energy imparted to the recoil electron.
Sol. (a) Compton shift ∆𝜆 = 𝜆𝐶 (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)
Contoh 2.
A photon with energy 1.00 MeV is scattered by a stationary free
electron. Find the kinetic energy of electron if the photon’s
wavelength changed by  = 25% due to scattering.
Contoh 3.
A photon with momentum p = 1.02 MeV/c is scattered by a
stationary free electron. Its momentum on scattering becomes
p' = 0.255 MeV/c. At what angle is the photon scattered?
Contoh 4.
A photon is scattered at an angle =120° by a stationary free
electron. As a result the electron acquires a kinetic energy
T = 0.45 MeV. Find the energy of the incident photon
 HIPOTESIS DE BROGLIE, KETIDAKPASTIAN HEISENBERG
Contoh 1.

Show that the wavelength of electron accelerated through a

potential difference V is given by
For other charged particles appropriate values of m and
charge q should be substituted in the above equation.
Contoh 2.
Dapatkan pernyataan panjang gelombang dari suatu partikel yang
bergerak dengan kecepatan relativistik

Sol. The relativistic momentum of a particle

The momentum p of a relativistic particle can also be expressed as
follows.

Hence
If the particle under consideration is an electron
accelerated through a potential difference of V volt,
its de Broglie wavelength is given by
Contoh 3.
Find the de Broglie wavelength of electron, proton and
particle all having the same kinetic energy of 100 eV.
Contoh 4.
What is the wavelength of thermal neutron at 300 K?

Sol. Kinetic energy of thermal neutron

Contoh 5.
Find the de Broglie wavelength of relativistic electrons
reaching the anticathode of an X-ray tube if the short
wavelength limit of continuous X-ray spectrum is equal
to 0.10 Å.
Contoh 5.
Consider a proton or neutron to be inside the nucleus. What is the
uncertainty in momentum of electron? Is this consistent with the
binding energy of nuclear constituents?

Sol. If a proton or neutron were inside the nucleus, the uncertainty in

momentum would be

The corresponding kinetic energy T << m0c2 . Hence

The binding energies of nuclei are of this order.