 Common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) belongs to

Cyprinidae family. It is a freshwater species and but present in

brackish water also. It is distributed around the world. The length at
first maturity measures 34.9 cm and ranges from 25 - 36 cm. Adults
inhabit in warm, deep, slow-flowing and still waters.
 Common carp is hardy in nature and can tolerate a wide variety of
conditions. It usually favours large water bodies with slow-flowing
or standing water with soft bottom sediments. Both the adults and
juveniles feed on the different benthic organisms and plant
material. Adults often undertake considerable spawning migration
to suitable backwaters and flooded meadows. Larvae survive in
warm water especially shallow submerged vegetation area.
 Carp is a schooling fish, they prefer to be in groups of five
or more. Can survive winter in a frozen-over pond.
Water quality is a critical factor when culturing any aquatic organism.
Optimal water quality varies by species and must be monitored to ensure
growth and survival. The quality of the water in the production systems can
significantly affect the organism's health and the costs associated with
getting a product to the market. Water quality parameters that are
commonly monitored in the aquaculture industry include temperature,
dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, hardness, ammonia, and nitrites.
Depending on the culture system, carbon dioxide, chlorides, and salinity
may also be monitored. Some parameters such as alkalinity and hardness
are fairly stable, but others like dissolved oxygen and pH fluctuate daily. It is
important to establish a standardized water quality testing protocol for your
particular situation. Know the tolerance range for your culture species,
establish critical levels, and be prepared to act if a problem occurs. The
chart below indicates the water quality preferences for some commonly
cultured species.
Pond Selection
The first and most important thing for carp fish farming is good pond management. If there any problem in
selecting pond, then the fish will not grow fast, fish can be stolen and there may have some problems in
the transportation of minnow. For profitable farming you have to be conscious about the point listed below.
 The ownership of the pond should be single.
 If you hire pond, it should for at least five years.
 The pond must have to free from flood.
 Depth of water of pond should 2-3 meter.
 No large tree near the pond.
 Pond should open and plenty of light and wind.
 Minimum 7-8 hours of sunlight.
 Slope of the pond should 1.5:2.
 Minnow have to be available near the pond.
 If it is situated near the farmer house, then it will be very good for pond management and care. And fish
will not theft.
 It would better if easy transportation and market is available near the pond.
 Before start farming, remove all types of cannibalistic habitat fish.
 Cannibalistic fish can easily removed by making the pond dry and applying medicine.
 Many types of little plant on pond takes the provided fertilizer. So this types of plant should removed.
 Repair the bank and bottom of pond every year.
• The level of PH can maintain by applying lime in the water. Lime can
applied by mixing with water. It reduces diseases, germs and toxic gas.
• Two types of fertilizer are used in pond like, organic and inorganic or
chemical fertilizer. Dung, poultry and ducks faeces and plant spinach are
organic fertilizer. Fertilizer made from chemical element are called
inorganic fertilizer. Nitrogen, TSP, MP etc. are inorganic fertilizer.
Fertilizer should apply spreading all over the pond.

• Water
The main element of fish farming is water. Without fresh, clean and healthy
water in the pond carp fish farming will not be profitable. So, there must
have to have a proper source of water near the pond. You also have to keep
in mind that cannibalistic habit fish should not enter in pond with water.
Water should change after a few days, weeks or month.
 What Depth of Water Do Carp Prefer?

All carp are different and all waters are different to, but I
would say that generally carp are more likely to prefer a
depth of water that is comfortable to them, and which
provides them with any present requirements.
Therefore, the depth at where the carp will feed will
depend on the time of year and the weather conditions
at the time.