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1st hour
5.2 Liquid
LEARNING OUTCOMES…
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
a) Explain the properties of liquids : shape, volume,
surface tension, viscosity, compressibility and
diffusion.
Why a water strider can “walk” on
water ?
Why water beads on waxy surface
such as an apple, leaf or a freshly
waxed car after a rainfall?
5.2 The properties of Liquids
2. Compressibility
3. Diffusion
4. Surface tension
5. Viscosity
5.2 The properties of Liquids
2. Compressibility
3. Diffusion
Water strider
EXAMPLE – 01
** Temperature
Molecular motion
Intermolecular force
5.2 The properties of Liquids
5. Viscosity
is _____________(e.g: ability) of liquid to flow
the greater a liquid’s viscosity, the more slowly it flows.
viscosity _____________ as temperature _____________
It depends on;
1) the size of the molecules( molar mass)
the ___________the molar mass, the more resistance their flow,
more viscous the liquid
2) the strength of intermolecular
attractive forces between the molecules
ANS:
Self–STUDY
State Solid
b) Compressibility
c) Ability to Flow
d) Density
e) Motion of molecules
AS CONCLUSION
2nd hour
5.2 Liquid
LEARNING OUTCOMES…
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
b. Explain vaporisation and condensation processes
based on kinetic molecular theory and intermolecular
forces
5.2 Vaporisation
Vaporisation
Condensation
Least
Order
Order
Greatest
5.2 Vaporisation Process
A process in which liquid is transformed into gas
Based on kinetics molecular theory,
molecules in a liquid move quite freely
each molecule possesses different magnitude of
kinetic energy
when the kinetic energy is sufficient enough to
overcome the attractive forces that bind them, the
molecules will ________and be ___________
Occur in 2 ways;
____________
____________
5.2 Vaporisation Process
Factors affected vaporisation rate,
Surface area
The larger the surface area, chances for the
molecules to escape from the water surface
____________, evaporation rate ____________.
Temperature
At higher temperature, more molecules possess
higher kinetic energy, ____________molecules
have enough energy to escape from the surface of
the liquid. Thus evaporation rate ____________.
Intermolecular attraction forces
The weaker the intermolecular attraction forces, the
____________ the evaporation rate
5.2 Condensation process
A process in which gas is transformed into liquid
Based on kinetics molecular theory;
some of the vapour molecules may lose their kinetic
energy during the collision
they do not have enough energy to remain as
vapour molecules
they reached the surface of the liquid and became
trapped by the attractive forces
if they cannot overcome the attractive forces, these
vapour molecules return as liquid molecules
the process is known as condensation
5.2 Dynamic Equilibrium
Liquid gas
Rate of vaporization = Rate of condensation
liquid phase
Dynamic equilibrium:
EXAMPLE:
two liquid molecules escape
3rd hour
5.2 Liquid
LEARNING OUTCOMES…
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
c. Define vapour pressure and boiling point. Relate
i. Intermolecular forces to vapour pressure
ii. Vapour pressure to boiling point
5.2 Vapour Pressure
Define : The pressure exerted by vapour in equilibrium with
its liquid in a closed container
Boiling point
of water
at 187.5mmHg
187.5 ≈ 65oC
Conclusion and Question
Question :
answer:
Condensation
Process at which vapour molecules return to the liquid phase. Due
to random motion, some of the molecules lose their kinetic energy
during collison, they reached the surface and trapped by attractive
forces and return as liquid molecules
Conclusion and Question
answer :