 HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus.

 It’s a virus that attack CD 4 cell.

 If HIV not treated it will become AIDS.
 AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)is the
severe phase of HIV.
 1). Acute HIV infection- within 2 to 4 weeks most infected develop flu, like
symptomps, often describe as “worst flu ever”. Symptoms can include fever,
swollen glands, sore throat, rash, muscle and joint aches, pains and head aches.
This is called ‘acute retroviral syndrome’ (ARS) or ‘primary HIV infection’, and it’s
the body’s natural response to the HIV infection.
 2). Clinical Latency- after the acute stage of HIV infection, the disease moves into a
stage called the ‘Clinical latency’ stage. During this stage, people who are infected
with HIV experience no symptomps, or only mild ones (this symtomps sometimes
called Chronic HIV infection).
 3). AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).- This is the stage of HIV infection
that occurs when your immune systems is badly damaged and you become
vulnerable to opportunistic infection. When the number of your CD4 cells falls
below 200 cell per cubic millimeter of blood you are considere to progressed to
AIDS.
 No effective cure currently exist for HIV.
 But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled.
 Treatment for HIV is called antiretroviral theraphy or ART.
 The Phillipine has fastest growing HIV epidemic in the world.
 Around 32 Filipinos get diagnosed with HIV daily.
 As of June 2018, the department of health AIDS registry in the Philippines reported
56,275 cumulative cases since 1984.
• Prejudice, negative attitudes and abuse directed at people living with HIV and Aids

• Lack of awareness/Misconceptions:

-HIV and AIDS are always associated with death!

-HIV is only transmitted through sex, (especially gay-sex)
which is a taboo subject in some cultures
 Linking HIV to improper or immoral behavior(like homosexuality, drug use sex work or infidelity)

 Fear of contagion-casual contact stemming from incomplete knowledge about HIV transmission

 Fear of losing income/livelihood, family/social support

 Loss of hope and feelings of worthlessness

 Loss of reputation and self prestige

 Treatment is mostly available in government-controlled centers
 Patients can only get their ART prescriptions in designated “treatment hubs”
 The only one-pill regimen available is atripla.
 The young population is not targeted well.
 One major issue is and old HIV/AIDS law. Written back in late 1990’sWith the
intention of protecting privacy. Teenagers can only get HIV testing with parental
consent
 Some industries require HIV testing prior to hiring
 (This is against the law, and is not properly enforced)
 Touching, hugging, Shaking hand, or social contact, such as schools and offices.
 Casual kissing-risky only if you both have large open sores or bleeding gums and
Blood is exchanged.
 Coughing,sneezing or spitting from an infected person
 Sharing drinking glasses or exposure to infected person’s saliva, sweat, tears,
urine, or feces.
 Sharing toilet sears, Fancet handles, tables, door handles, cutlery, towels.
 Swimming pools, baths, shower areas or from drinking fountains
 Oral sex, used condoms, mutual masturbation
 Tattos and piercing (if done professionally)
 Insects/mosquitoes/animal bites.
 HIV Perinatal transmission: During pregnancy, Delivery, and breastfeeding
 Early diagnose/treatment for HIV – infected women during pregnancy and continuation
of ART after pregnancy
 Women who present in labor with unknown HIV status should undergo
rapid/expedited/antigen/antibody, HIV testing
 If positive-maternal (IV zidovudine)/infant (Combination antiretroviral prophylaxis) if
negative HIV-RNA test, The maternal and infant ARV drugs should be stopped
 Women with positive initial testing should non initiate breastfeeding until HIV infection
is definitively ruled out
 Scheduled cesarean delivery at 38 at weeks” gestation to minimize perinatal
transmissition: if RNA levels (VL) 1,000 Copies/mL or unknown HIV levels near the tme
of delivery
 If HIV –VL <1,000 Copies/Ml, short duration of ruptured membranes- vaginal delivery
pregnant women or in reproductive age – Avoid sastiva (efavirense-NNRTI)
 Many IDPH/CDC Funded agencies provide free HIV (and HCV) Testing &Counseling
services.
 HIV screening is covered by health insurance without a co-pay, as required by the
affordable Care Act.
 Health insurance companies required to cover some HIV medicines
 Patients who don’t have health insurance, or can’t afford co-pay or co-insurance $, - may
be eligible for government program through Medicaid, medicare, the Ryan white
HIV/AIDS program, AIDS drug Assistance program(ADAP). Community health centers,
and medication assistance programs run by the manufacturers.
 Generic versions of HIV drug can be up 30% cheaper than the branded versions-may
result in increased pill burden AND reduced adherence.
 Prior authorization: As a Cost- containment strategy, some programs require that
clinicians obtain prior authorizations or permission before prescribing newer or more
costly treatments rather than older or less expensive drugs