ANALYSIS AND COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT

SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUE FOR IEEE802.11

PRESENTED BY:
ADIL NIYAZ MAKHDOOMI
REG NO:-1613902

SUPERVISOR:
Ms. Rashmi Raj
 CONTENT
• Introduction
• Objective
• Problem Modeling
• Simulation Result in Matlab
• Conclusion
• Future Work
• References
 INTRODUCTION
COGNITIVE RADIO:-
• CR is an advanced technique which reduce the problem of

spectrum scarcity in electromagnetic spectrum.

• The Cognitive Radio (CR) is a technology which efficiently utilizes the

licensed spectrum without causing any harm to the licensed user.

• CR can increase spectrum efficiency leading to higher bandwidth.

• CR consist of RF front end and baseband processor which modulate/

demodulate the signal.

• IEEE 802.22 is standard form of cognitive radio(CR)

FUCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
COGNITIVE RADIO
SPECTRUM SENSING
 SPECTRUM SENSING
Three Techniques of Spectrum Sensing:-
1. Energy detection(ED)
2. Matched filter detection(MF)
3. Cyclostationary detection(CSD)
ENERGY DETECTION:-
• It is simplest technique ,also known as radiometry.
• In this method, the energy of the received signal is calculated which is
compared against some given threshold to determine the presence or
absence of PU signal.
• It does not require prior information about signal, is a non co-operative
detection technique.
 OBJECTIVE
• The main objective of the paper is to conduct analysis of
Energy detection technique for spectrum sensing in cognitive
radio and finalize the best suited condition for spectrum
sensing.
PROBLEM MODELING
 SIGNAL SIMULATION IN MATLAB
Values of the parameters to simulate the signal are:-
• SNR = 30db and -30db
•W= 1* 105
• ts = 1* 10-2
• N= 2* W*ts
• σS 2 = (σn*10-1)2
• σn 2= 1*10-12

•CR promises the secondary users access the spectrum which is

allocated to a primary user, so avoiding interference to potential
primary users is a basic requirement. Therefore I have decided to
detect the primary user status through the continuous spectrum
sensing.
For 30dB SNR & 100 Samples
For -30dB SNR & 100 Samples
For 30dB SNR & 200 Samples
For -30dB SNR & 200 Samples
Energy detector for 30dB SNR & 100 Samples
For -30dB SNR & 100 Samples
For 30dB SNR & 200 Samples
For -30dB SNR & 200 Samples
Problem Modeling
Correlated signal of matched filter
Detected Signal From Matched Filter
 CONCLUSION
Following results have been observed :
• When the sample size is small at low SNR energy is low and
vice versa.
• Variation of signal is less in case of high SNR when sample
size is small.
• By increasing the sample size the variation of signal are more
due to which the energy graph becomes stipper .
• At higher sample size for both low and high SNR energy
becomes low.
• The possibility of detection of signal is high at high SNR but it
reduces when the sample size increases.
 FUTURE WORK
My forthcoming work is:
• To compare the result of energy detection technique with
matched filter , cyclostationary detection technique and decide
the best suited technique for spectrum sensing.
• Energy detection technique is applied for IEEE802.11 and
IEEE802.16
 REFERENCES
• S.Haykin, “Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless
communications,” Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE
Journal on, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 201-220, 2005
• Al-Habashna, A. and Dobre, O.A. and Venkatesan, R. and
Popescu, D.C., “Second-Order Cyclostationarity of Mobile
WiMAX and LTE OFDM Signals and Application to Spectrum
Awareness in Cognitive Radio Systems,” Selected Topics in
Signal Processing, IEEE Journal of, vol. 6, pp. 26-42, 20
• M.Subhedar and G. Birajda, “Spectrum Sensing Technique in
Cognitive Radio Networks: A Survey,” International Journal of
Next-Generation Networks(IJNGN), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 37-51,,
June 2011
 REFERENCES

• T.Yucek. and H.Arslan, “A Survey of Spectrum Sensing

Algorithms for Cognitive Radio applications,” IEEE
Communications Surveys and Tutorials, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 116-
130, 2009.
• Sutton P, Nolan K, Doyle l. Cyclostationary signatures in
practical cognitive radio applications. IEEE Journal on
Selected Areas in Communications 2008; (26 January):13-24.
• Dandawate A, Giannakis G, Statistical test for presence of
cyclostationarity. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
1994;42(September):
THANK
YOU