SEMINAR

on
Solar Thermal Electricity
Generating System

Delivered By : Under The Supervision

Of :
Manoranjan Mahali
7th Sem, B.Tech. Prof.Sudhansu Sekhar Sahoo
Deptt. of Mechanical Engg. Department Of Mechanical
Regd.no.: 1501106376 Engineering
CONTENTs :
1. Introduction

2. Major types of solar thermal power plant

A)Parabolic Trough Solar Electricity Generating
system
B)Central Receiver Power Plant
C)Dish Sterling System
D)Solar Pond Power Plant

3. Future Perspective

4. Advantages and Disadvantages

5. Conclusion
Introduction :
 Solar thermal power generation systems use mirrors to collect sunlight
and produce steam by solar heat to drive turbines for generating power.
 This system generates power by rotating turbines like thermal and nuclear
power plants, and therefore, is suitable for large-scale power generation.
 Mirrors reflect and concentrate sunlight.
 Receivers collect that solar energy and convert it into heat energy.
 A generator can then be used to produce electricity from this heat energy
TYPES OF SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS :

(B)Central Receiver Power Plant

(A)Parabolic
Trough Solar
Electric Generating
System

(C) Dish Sterling System (D) Solar Pond Power Plant

A)Parabolic Trough Solar Electric Generating
System
 A parabolic trough consists of a linear parabolic reflector that concentrates light
onto a receiver positioned along the reflector's focal line.
 The receiver is a tube positioned directly above the middle of the parabolic mirror
and filled with a working fluid.
 The reflector follows the sun during the daylight hours by tracking along a single
axis.
 A working fluid (e.g. molten salt) is heated to 150–350 °C (423–623 K (302–662
°F)) as it flows through the receiver and is then used as a heat source for a power
generation system
Working :
B)Central Receiver Power Plant
 Central Receiver power plant (also known as 'central tower' power plants or
'heliostat' power plants).
 These designs capture and focus the sun's thermal energy with thousands of
tracking mirrors (called heliostats) in roughly a two square mile field.
 A tower resides in the center of the heliostat field. The heliostats focus
concentrated sunlight on a receiver which sits on top of the tower.
 Within the receiver the concentrated sunlight heats molten salt to over 1,000 °F
(538 °C).
 The heated molten salt then flows into a thermal storage tank where it is stored,
maintaining 98% thermal efficiency, and eventually pumped to a steam generator.
 The steam drives a standard turbine to generate electricity.
Working :
C) Dish Stirling System
 The dish or Stirling system generates power by using parabolically arranged
mirrors to reflect sunlight onto a small focal receiver, thereby heating a gas
chamber connected to a piston and drive shaft.
 The drive shaft powers a generator which produces electricity to be distributed to a
grid.
 A dish/Stirling system includes two components; the solar dish, which is simply a
parabolic mirror or set of mirrors, and a Stirling engine, a closed-cycle engine that
operates silently using any heat source
 Efficiency for the Stirling engine approaches maximum theoretical efficiency for
any engine, known technically as Carnot cycle efficiency.
D) Solar Pond Power Plant
 Solar pond is a natural or artificial body of water for collecting and absorbing
solar radiation energy and storing it as heat.
 It is a mass of shallow water about 1 or 2 meters deep with a large collection
area, which act as heat trap.
 Thermal energy from solar pond is used to drive Rankine cycle heat engine.
FUTURE PERSPECTIVE :
 Series production can reduce the levelized electricity costs significantly
below 10 Euro cents/kWh.

 Solar thermal technology is a promising technology for climate compatible

power.

 It could cover much more than just the present worldwide demand for
electricity consumption.

 It can provide an important contribution to climate protection

ADVANTAGES :
 It can provide reliable, night and day electric power at market prices
without carbon emissions..

 It is quick to implement.

 It is available widely around the planet, not just in a few countries.

 It has enormous primary energy resource which is inexhaustible over

time.

 A potential advantage of solar thermal systems is the ability to produce

electricity when sunlight is weak or unavailable by storing solar heat in
the form of molten salt.
Disadvantages :
 High Installation Cost

 Land Requirement

 Inexpensive Alternatives

 Future Technology has a high probability of making CSP Obsolete

 Limited Locations and Size Limitations

Conclusions :
 In the face of global warming, rising fuel costs and an ever-growing
demand for energy, energy needs are expected to increase by
nearly the equivalent of 335 million barrels of oil per day, mostly for
electricity.
 By concentrating solar energy with reflective materials and converting it
into electricity, modern solar thermal power plants, if adopted today as an
indispensable part of energy generation, may be capable of sourcing
electricity to more than 100 million people in the next 20 years. All from one
big renewable resource: THE SUN
References :
 Desai, N.B., Bandyopadhyay, S., ‘Solar Thermal Power Plant Simulator’,
Proceedings of International Conference on Energy Security, Global Warming
and Sustainable Climate -Solaris2012, Varanasi, India, 2012
 Desai N.B., Bandyopadhyay S., Kedare S.B., Banerjee R., NayakJ.K.,
‘Simulation of 1MWe Solar Thermal Power Plant’, The ISES Solar World
Congress 2013, Cancun, Mexico, November 2013
 Kartheek N.G.R., Yadav D., Banerjee R., Nayak J.K., Bandyopadhyay S.,
Kedare S.B., ‘Experiences in commissioning of a 1 MW solar thermal power
plant in Gurgaon’, 4th International conference on Advances in Energy
Research – ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay, India, 10-12 December 2013
 Sathish D , Sathish Kumar T R “Effective Study On Solar Pond And Its Various
Performances”, 3rd International Conference on Innovative Research in
Engineering and Technology (iCIRET2015), April 9-11, 2015
THANK YOU….