SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

[Educational Service : SNR Sons Charitable Trust] 01

[Autonomous Institution, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade]
[Approved by AICTE and Permanently Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai]
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VATTAMALAIPALAYAM, N.G.G.O. COLONY POST, COIMBATORE – 641 022.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Bluetooth​ Based Home

Automation Using Micro waves
Batch Members:
RANJIT. V.S.

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Abstract

• We are living in 21st century where automation of any form i.e. home or industrial plays
an important role in human life. When it comes to industrial automation, the concept is
applied to large machines or robots which helps in increasing the efficiency in terms of
production, energy and time.
• Home automation on the other hand involves automating the household environment.
This is possible because of the smartphones and internet that we are widely using. Home
automation can be again divided in to just controlling the appliances using a smartphone
from a remote location and another type filled with sensors and actuators which controls
the lighting, temperature, door locks, electronic gadgets, electrical appliances etc. using a
“Smart” system.

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Components Used

• Arduino UNO
• HC-05 Bluetooth module
• 2N222 NPN transistor *4
• 12V relay*4
• Smartphone or tablet

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Electro magnetic principle

in Bluetooth
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short
distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4
to 2.485 GHz) from fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area
networks (PANs). Bluetooth data transmission speed is up to 25Mbps.

Bluetooth version Maximum speed Maximum range

3.0 25 Mbit/s 10 meters (33 ft)
4.0 25 Mbit/s 60 meters (200 ft)
5 50 Mbit/s 240 meters (800 ft)

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Electro magnetic principle

in Relay
• A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use
an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch.
• Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by
a separate low-power signal
• Magnetic latching relays require one pulse of coil power to
move their contacts in one direction

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Circuit Diagram

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Arduino UNO

The 8 – bit ATmega 328P microcontroller based Arduino UNO is used in the project
to control different components like Bluetooth module and relay network. This is the
brain of the project.

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Bluetooth Module

The Bluetooth Module used in this project is HC- 05. As seen in the
image below, this Bluetooth module has 4 – pins for VCC (5V), ground,
TX and RX. This Bluetooth can be used with Bluetooth enabled phone
(or tablet or laptop) and the range of this module is approximately 10
meters.

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4 – Channel Relay
Board:
• A 4 – channel relay board is used in this project to control four different loads. It
has all the necessary components and connections like base current limiting
resistor, flyback diode, LED indicators and header for connecting it to other
devices.
• Caution: We should be very careful when using a relay with AC mains

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Working Process

• A simple home automation project using Arduino UNO, Bluetooth module and a
smartphone. The aim of this project is to control different home appliances using a
smartphone. The working of the project is explained here.

• When the power is turned on, the connection LED on the Bluetooth module starts
blinking. We need to start the “Bluetooth Controller” app in our smartphone and
get connected to the Bluetooth module. If the pairing is successful, the LED
becomes stable.

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Working Process

• Now, in the app, we need to set different keys for different loads and their
corresponding value that must be transmitted when that key is pressed. The
following image shows a set of keys to control 4 loads and an additional key to turn
off all the loads
• Then we are ready to control the loads. When a key is pressed in the smartphone,
the Bluetooth module receives the corresponding data and intern transmits that data
to Arduino.
• This data is transmitted to Arduino. Arduino then compares the received data with
the data written in the sketch and accordingly turns on the load 2. The similar action
can be applicable to other keys and loads.

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Applications

• Using this project, we can turn on or off appliances remotely i.e. using a phone or
tablet.
• The project can be further expanded to a smart home automation system by
including some sensors like light sensors, temperature sensors, safety sensors etc. and
automatically adjust different parameters like room lighting, air conditioning (room
temperature), door locks etc. and transmit the information to our phone.
• Additionally, we can connect to internet and control the home from remote location
over internet and also monitor the safety.

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Limitations

• The system needs a continuous power supply to be practical or else we might not
be able to control the appliances.

• Hence, best way to design the system efficiently would be to implement both the
automated control and manual control through switches at a time.

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User Friendly Graph

10
9
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5
4
3
2
1
0
Switches IR Controlled Switches Android Application
Controlled Switches

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Related Work

Before sending message After sending message

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Reference

1.P. D. Minns, C Programming For the PC the MAC and the Arduino Microcontroller System. Author House, 2013.
2. M. Banzi, Getting Started with arduino. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.", 2009
3. Arduino, "Arduino uno." Last visited on 06/09/2014.
4. A. M. Gibb, New media art, design, and the Arduino microcontroller: A malleable tool. PhD thesis, Pratt Institute,
2010.
5. M. Margolis, Arduino cookbook. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.", 2011
6. D. Mellis, M. Banzi, D. Cuartielles, and T. Igoe, "Arduino: An open electronic prototyping platform, " in Proc.
CHI, vol. 2007.
7.A. U. ARDUINO UNO, "Front. arduino uno board, " 2012.
8."Intro to arduino, " January 2014.

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Thank you

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