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G. TOGIA
SECTION ΠΗ-Ω
10/14/2009
Reading material
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3. Handouts.
4. Self-assessment tests.
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Aim of the course
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Part 1: Semantics
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SEMANTIC FEATURES
SEMANTIC/THEMATIC ROLES
PROTOTYPES
LEXICAL RELATIONS
10/14/2009
Today’s topics
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Semantics
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What is meaning? an example
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Mare – stallion
Heavy – light
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What is meaning? Dictionary definitions?
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Problem: circularity
e.g.
pride: the belief that you are better or more important than
other people .
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What is meaning? Mental images?
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What is meaning? Reference?
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What is meaning?
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Conceptual and associative meaning
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Conceptual meaning:
the basic elements conveyed by the literal meaning of a word.
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Conceptual and associative meaning: example
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Semantics
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SEMANTIC FEATURES
10/14/2009
Why is conceptual meaning helpful?
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Semantic features: definition
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Semantic features: examples
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Woman:
[+animate], [+human], [+female], [+adult]
Boy:
[+animate], [+human], [-female], [-adult]
Horse:
[+animate], [-human], [-female], [+adult], [+equine]
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Semantic features: examples
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Semantic features: problem
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Exercises 1 - 4
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Semantics
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SEMANTIC/THEMATIC ROLES
10/14/2009
Semantic/thematic roles
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Semantic/thematic roles
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An example:
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The number of semantic roles
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Agent and theme 1
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The boy:
Agent
The ball:
Theme
Theme can also be an entity described:
• My dress is red.
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Agent and theme 2
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Instrument and experiencer
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Location
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The bed:
Location
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Source, goal
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England:
Goal/recipient
Examples:
She borrowed a magazine from George. Source
Exercises 5 - 9
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Summary
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Semantics is:
the study of words, phrases and sentences.
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Summary
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The
crucial features that differentiate the
meaning of words.
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Next week...
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