S•O•SSM Services

The S·O·S Analyst

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services

Analyst Toolkit
• Access to Learning Materials (References)
• Learn the subject matter
• Apply the learning - practice
• Learn about the iron
• Gain insight into the customer’s operation
• Communicate clearly and directly
• Network with dealer personnel

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services

S·O·S Analysis Can’t Detect

• Catastrophic failure.
• Failure analysis
• Brand or API rating of oil
• Test fuel or brake fluid
• Oil Life Expectancy
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S•O•SSM Services

S·O·S Analysis Can Detect

• Abnormal wear (and
“normal” wear)
• Coolant leak
• Water contamination
• Dirt entry
• Fuel dilution
• Oil condition
• Fluid Transfer
Equipment Management Solutions
S•O•SSM Services

References
• Machine Profiles
• Wear Tables
• SIS
• Knowledge Network
• Optimizing Oil Change Intervals
(PEDP8025)

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services
S·O·S Oil Analysis
• Focus on Both:
– Condition of Oil and
Condition of Equipment

• Four SOS Oil Analysis

Aspects:
– Wear Rate Analysis
– Oil Condition Analysis
– Oil Cleanliness Analysis
– Oil Contamination Analysis
(Fuel, Water or Antifreeze/
Coolant Detection)

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Wear Rate Analysis

• Tracks and quantifies

wear elements
• Charts rate of wear
element increase
• Wear trending
• Element combinations
allows for component
specific interpretation

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Wear Rate Analysis

• Spectrophotometers (AA, ICP, or DCP)

• Quantifies metal wear elements from components in
"Parts / Million" (PPM)
– Copper, Iron, Chrome, Lead, Tin,
Aluminum, Molybdenum
• Qualifies wear rate trends
40
The “Bathtub” curve
35
30
25 Run-in wear Degradation
PPM

20
15
10
5
0
T i me

Component Hours

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Wear Rate Analysis

• Wear Level Norms - Model/Compartment Wear Tables

• Wear Meals: Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr),
Lead (Pb), Tin (Sn), Aluminium (AI) and Molybdenum
(Mo)
• Dirt Entry: Silica (Si)
• Water (Coolant) Entry: Sodium,Potassium (Na,K)
• Classic Combinations
• Oil Add Pack Elements
– Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc & Phosphorus

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Condition Analysis
• Infrared Analysis Uses Optical
Wave Lengths to Evaluate
Changes in the Oil:
– Compares Old to New Oil
– Assures the oil in use is still
protecting your equipment
• Infrared Analysis Determines
levels of :
– Oxidation
– Soot Level
– Sulfation
– Nitration
• Viscosity Test

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Condition Analysis

• OXIDATION
• Conditions that increase
Oxidation
– High operating temperature
– Extended oil usage
– Depleted antioxidant additives
– Glycol and Copper
contamination

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Condition Analysis

• SOOT – what is it?

• Soot Thickens Oil & Shortens Engine Life Through
Ineffective Lubrication
• Conditions that Cause Soot
– Plugged Air Filter Element
– Excessive Idling
– Cool Engine Temperatures
– Blow-by
– Excessive/Rapid Acceleration

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Condition Analysis
The Oil’s “Break Point”
• Trending is the Key to Determine Optimal Oil
Change Period
– Increase Oil Change Intervals 50 hours at a time
– 250 hours, 300 hours then 350 hours, etc.
• We will watch carefully for the Oil’s Breakpoint:
– A Sharp Decrease in oil condition and
– A Sharp Increase in wear metals
• At this Break Point … Back Off 50 hours =
Optimal Oil Change Interval

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Cleanliness Analysis

• 70% - 85% of
Hydraulic failures are
caused by
contaminants

• Early contaminant
warning is imperative

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Cleanliness Analysis

• Uses Particle Count (PC)

• Counts by size range
all particles present in
the oil (metallic or not)
• Detects Additional Signs of
Abnormal Wear
• Used for Non-Engine
compartments
• Metallic & Nonmetallic
particles counted

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Oil Cleanliness Analysis

Cleanliness analysis may help detect potential

failures which other tests may have not detected
•gear failures
•roller bearing failures
•sleeve bearings
•synthetic materials

Can be supplemented by
microscopic observation

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services
What’s Normal?

We Screen Data Three Ways:

– By obvious contamination
or serious wear

– By the trend of each

compartment's data history

– By comparing data
trends of similar units

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S•O•SSM Services COMMUNICATION IS EVERYTHING !!

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S•O•SSM Services

Interpretation Is….
• Good interpretation is comprised of two parts –
– Evaluation (known information)
– Recommendation (customer’s action)
• Three overall evaluations
– No Action Required
– Monitor Compartment
– Action Required
– Take a stance – don’t mix evaluations &
recommendations

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services

Need for Additional Samples

• To check for oil transfer
• Wrong compartment
• Verify trend
• To acquire a baseline
"Sample"
• Suspect Original Sample
was contaminated
• Too small volume original
sample

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis

• Detects Potential Problems

• Problems in Engine, Transmission & Hydraulic Cooling

Systems

• Cooling Systems Problems

Degrade Oil

• Results in Premature
Failure of Critical
Components

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis

• Coolant Requirements of Diesel Engines:

– Diesel Engines Produce

Tremendous Power

– Diesel Engine Oil Transfers

Heat to Coolant

– Coolant Absorbs
Engine, Transmission
and Hydraulic Heat

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis

• Improper Cooling System Maintenance

Oxidizes Oil

– Hot Shutdowns Oxidizes Coolant

– Damages Engine Parts

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services Benefits of Coolant Analysis

• Fluid condition
– More vital now: Higher performance systems ….
good heat dissipation is essential

• Reduce risk of component failure

– Half of engine problems
caused or accelerated by
poor cooling system
performance

• Enables before-failure repairs

• Another indicator in the life cycle

management process

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis
• Multi-level analysis
– Field screening
• Cooling system obvious problems awareness
• Generally done by visiting dealer personnel
• Basic tests done with a coolant analysis kit
– Refractometer for glycol %
– Test strips for nitrite check
– pH meter for pH
– Odor and appearance
– Level 1 analysis
• Generally done in a dealer lab
• Every 250 hrs.
– Level 2 analysis
• Generally done in a specialized lab
• Once a year or as indicated by Level I

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis
• Level 1: verification of coolant properties

– Chemistry
• glycol % (refractometer)
• nitrite % (titration)
• water hardness
• acidity (pH meter)
– Conductivity
• total dissolved solids
(conductivity meter)
– Physical attributes
• appearance, color, odor
• foam

Equipment Management Solutions

S•O•SSM Services S·O·S Coolant Analysis
• Level 2: coolant properties + cooling system
condition complete evaluation

– Engine, transmission, hydraulic cooling system

– Degradation
• hardness
• ammonia level,
• reserve alkalinity
– Chemistry
• source of inhibitor depletion
• source of oxidation products
• source of contaminants (chromatograph)
• corrosion and scaling products identification (spectro)

Equipment Management Solutions