PORTS AND

HARBORS
 HARBOR
• A harbor or harbour or haven, is a body of water where ships, boats, and
barges can seek shelter from stormy weather, or else are stored for future
use.
• Harbors and ports are often confused with each other. A port is a facility for
loading and unloading vessels; ports are usually located in harbors.
 PORT
• A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors
where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land. Port
locations are selected to optimize access to land and navigable water, for
commercial demand, and for shelter from wind and waves. Ports with deeper
water are rarer, but can handle larger, more economical ships.
 HISTORY
• Harbors are frequently built for use as ports. The oldest harbor known is the
Ancient Egyptian site at Wadi al-Jarf, on the Red Sea coast, which is at least 4500
years old (ca. 2600-2550 BC, reign of King Khufu). The largest artificially created
harbor is Jebel Ali in Dubai. Other large and busy artificial harbors include:
• Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands;
• Port of Houston, Texas, United States;
• Port of Savannah, Georgia, United States;
• Port of Long Beach, California, United States;
• Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, California, United States.
• The Ancient Carthaginians constructed fortified, artificial harbors called cothons.
• Whenever ancient civilizations engaged in maritime trade, they tended to develop sea ports. One of the
world's oldest known artificial harbors is at Wadi al-Jarf on the Red Sea. Along with the finding of harbor
structures, ancient anchors have also been found.
• Other ancient ports include Guangzhou during Qin Dynasty China and Canopus, the principal Egyptian port
for Greek trade before the foundation of Alexandria. In ancient Greece, Athens' port of Piraeus was the
base for the Athenian fleet which played a crucial role in theBattle of Salamis against the Persians in 480
BCE. In ancient India from 3700 BCE, Lothal was a prominent city of the Indus valley civilization, located
in the Bhāl region of the modern state of Gujarāt. Ostia Antica was the port of ancient Rome with Portus
established by Claudius and enlarged by Trajan to supplement the nearby port of Ostia. In Japan, during
the Edo period, the island of Dejima was the only port open for trade with Europe and received only a single
Dutch ship per year, whereas Osaka was the largest domestic port and the main trade hub for rice.
• Nowadays, many of these ancient sites no longer exist or function as modern ports. Even in more recent
times, ports sometimes fall out of use. Rye, East Sussex, was an important English port in the Middle Ages,
but the coastline changed and it is now 2 miles (3.2 km) from the sea, while the ports
of Ravenspurn and Dunwich have been lost to coastal erosion.
 LIST OF PORTS AND HARBORS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
• The Port of Manila
• The Batangas International Port
• The Port of Matnog
• The Port of Cebu
• The Port of Cagayan de Oro
• The Port of Davao
• The Port of Subic
• The Port of General Santos
The Port of Manila
The Batangas International Port
Port of Matnog
Port of Cebu
The Port of Cagayan de Oro
The Port of Davao
The Port of Subic
The Port of General Santos
 PARTS OF PORTS AND HARBORS
• Entrance Channels
• Berthing Basin
• Break Water
• Turning Basin
• Pier Head
• Wharves
• Jetties
PIER HEAD
WHARVES
JETTY
COASTAL NATURAL
COASTAL BREAKWATER
RIVER BASINS
RIVER TIDE GATES
COASTAL TIDE GATES
OPEN ROADSTEAD
 THANK YOU!

REPORTERS:
MELROSE NIKKA M. GOH
LUCILE GRACE A. MOLLENO
EVIA DIANE L. YAP