HOUSING

HOUSING SURVEYS INCLUDING

METHODS OF CONDUCTING SURVEY
 CONTENTS-

•DEFINITION
•PURPOSE
•NEED
•USES OF SURVEYS
•STEPS OF SURVEY
• SURVEY TECHNIQUES
•COLLECTION OF DATA BY DIFFERENT METHODS
•TYPES OF SURVEYS
•CHANDIGARH
•ADVANTAGES OF SURVEY
 WHAT IS A SURVEY ?

“A survey is any activity that collects information in an organized

and methodical manner about characteristics of interest from some
or all units of a population using well-defined concepts, methods
and procedures, and compiles such information into a useful
summary form.”

Surveys are method of data collection in which information is

gathered through oral or written questioning.
 PURPOSE OF SURVEY

The surveys are carried out by looking for facts already

recorded by other investigators and authorities and by original
field works on the spot.

The surveys establish ultimately the present state of the town

and indicate the measures for its improvements.

The data collected in surveys are properly analyzed in relation

to the area under consideration and they are recorded on maps,
charts, schedules and sometimes on models.
 NEED OF SURVEY
It is necessary because an item has never been studied before
or because facts and figures need to be brought up-to-date.

We need to know the present state of the town & the
measures for its improvement.

The survey draws attention to the inter-relation between

various complicated activities of a town life.

The survey stresses the local requirements & appropriate

treatment to be given socially, conveniently & artistically.
 USES OF SURVEYS
The data and information collected during the survey work are
useful in the following respects-

1. To give the town planner some basis for his thinking and
working.

2. To provide the relevant information regarding the community

to be served by the town planning scheme.

3. To suggest the means for developing public opinion &

appreciation in favour of the town planning scheme.
 STEPS OF A SURVEY
1. Formulation of the statement of objectives;
2. Selection of a survey frame;
3. Determination of the sample design;
4. Questionnaire design;
5. Data collection;
6. Data capture & coding;
7. Editing & imputation;
8. Estimation;
9. Data analysis;
10. Data dissemination;
11. Documentation.
THIS MAP SHOWS THE STATUS OF SURVEY IN INDIA-
ROAD SAFETY SCENARIO IN INDIA
IN YEAR 2012
 SURVEYING TECHNIQUES
•SELF SURVEY-
mailing questionnaires to the persons to be surveyed

•INTERVIEWS-
by asking questions to the people to be surveyed

•DIRECT INSPECTION-
when the survey or himself inspects the situations concerned

•OBSERVERS PARTICIPATION-
when the observer himself participate in acquiring the data
required
 COLLECTION OF DATA
Following four surveys are carried out to collect data and other
relevant information:

(1)FUNCTIONAL
SURVEY

(2)SOCIAL SURVEY

(3)TERRITORIAL
SURVEY

(4)VITAL SURVEY
 FUNCTIONAL SURVEY
The type of information collected in the functional survey-

 roads including history of roads, traffic survey, details of width of

roads and tree planning.
 railways with positions of level-crossing, passenger stations and
goods sheds.
 airports, seaports, waterways & canals.
 routes of services by bus, tram, ferry & suburban railway.
 facilities provided for the access to the town.
 local industries, their classification & location, availability of raw
materials and type of labour employed.
 conditions of commercial activity.
 probable cost of planning scheme, sources of raising funds, preparing
schedule of taxes.
 SOCIAL SURVEY
The type of information collected in the social survey-

 architectural character of the locality including local usages.

 history of growth from the study of old maps.
 conditions favorable for preservation of wild life.
 birth rates, death rates & charts of diseases.
 residential area including historical studies, types of buildings, slums &
suburban development.
 historical buildings & public buildings, their location & classification.
 parks & playgrounds, their size & no. in relation to the residential areas.
 public services comprising of water supply, sewerage, drainage,
electricity, telephone, street lighting etc.
 TERRITORIAL SURVEY
The type of information collected in the territorial survey-

 geology showing arrangements of underlying rocks & method

responsible for formation of surface.
 contours of the land surface showing both the actual heights
&variations of surface.
 rivers, oceans, streams & lakes.
 climatic conditions including temperature range, rainfall & direction &
intensity of winds.
 type of soil including areas of first class agricultural soil.
 forests & other natural vegetation.
 areas which are low-lying & are likely to submerge .
 VITAL SURVEY

The type of information collected in the vital survey-

 history of the past growth population.

 characteristics of the present population.

 factors which may influence the future rate of growth of the town
such as migration, decentralization, development of new local
industries.

 density of population.
TYPES OF SURVEYS

(1) PRELIMINARY SURVEY

(2) NATIONAL SURVEY

(3) REGIONAL SURVEY

(4) CIVIC SURVEY

 TYPES OF SURVEYS
PRELIMINARY SURVEY

The topics which are usually covered in this survey are-

•Electric power;
•General amenties;
•Highways;
•Housing;
•Industries;
•Land use;
•Railways;
•Water supply & sewerage;
•Waterways.
 TYPES OF SURVEYS
NATIONAL SURVEY

The topics which are usually covered in this survey are-

•Administration;
•Agriculture;
•Communication facilities;
•Economic development;
•Geography;
•National resources;
•Urban settlement.
 TYPES OF SURVEYS
REGIONAL SURVEY

Regional survey is done over a region dealing with-

•Physical factors like topography, physically difficult land, geology,

landscape etc.

•Physical economic factors like agricultural value of land, mineral

resources & water gathering lands, areas with public services,
transportation linkages etc.

•Social economic factors like areas of influence of towns and

villages, employment, population changes etc.
 TYPES OF SURVEYS
CIVIC SURVEY
The topics which are usually covered in this survey are-

•Communication amenities;
•Contour;
•Existing land uses and land values;
•Historical background;
•Housing (characteristics of housing, distribution);
•Industries;
•Population;
•Preservation of natural features;
•Public buildings;
•Public health;
•Public services;
•Topography.
EXAMPLE-

CHANDIGARH-

A- Government office
B- Town centre
C- Local shops
D- Industrial area
E- Green belt
F- Lake

PLAN OF CHANDIGARH
 CHANDIGARH
SALIENT FEATURES OF CHANDIGARH W.R.T THE PRINCIPLES
OF TOWN PLANNING
•Each sector is bisected on its long axis by a strip of continuous
open space for recreation and its short axis by a street called
the Bazaar street containing local shops, markets etc.
• It is designed that none of the properties in the township have
direct frontal access to the main roads.
•Great emphasis has been laid on tree planting.
•The main avenue leading to the capital is 90 m wide & it
provides an excellent parkway.
•The residential zone is segregated by a wide green belt from the
industrial zone.
 HOUSING IN CHANDIGARH
•Provision of good
quality housing was
central to
Chandigarh
planning.

•Initially two main

categories of
housing were
planned in the city-
public and private.
 HOUSING IN CHANDIGARH
PUBLIC HOUSING PRIVATE HOUSING
• The Population Of Chandigarh Has Crossed One Million
(1,054,686) Mark And It Is Very Close To The Population Of
Mizoram State(1,091,041)

• There has been four fold increase in population density during

1971-2017,from 2.257 to 9,252.
Year Projected Population
2014 1,090,796 10.91 Lakhs
2015 1,102,360 11.02 Lakhs
2016 1,113,814 11.14 Lakhs
2017 1,125,155 11.25 Lakhs
 Chandigarh Ranks Eighth In India In The Level Of Literacy ,Second In Density Of
Population And 30th In Terms Of Total Population.
 Literacy Rate - 81.9%
 Sex Ratio(females Per 100 Males) – 777
 Death Rate(per 1000) – 10.22(2005)
 Birth Rate(per 1000) – 21.45(2005)
 Infant Mortality Rate – 44.13
 Per Capita Income (Rs)(at Current Prices) – 67370 (Highest In All India)
 Chandigarh was initially planned for a population of 500,000. As per 2001
census however, the population of the Union Territory had increased to
9,00,635 out of which 8,08,515 was urban and 92,120 rural.

DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY NO. OF DWELLING ROOMS

(2011)

Total No exclusive One room Two room

households room

UT CHANDIGARH 201,878 1931 84,489 50.056

(0.95%) (41.85%) (24.79%)

URBAN 180,576 1725 69,310 47,395

(0.95%) (38.38%) (26.24%)

RURAL 21,302 206 15,179 2,661

(0.96%) (71.25%) (12.49%)
DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY NO. OF DWELLING ROOMS
(2011)

Total No exclusive One room Two room

households rooms

UT 235061 1.4 39.3 25.4

CHANDIGARH

URBAN 228276 Breakup not Breakup not Breakup not

available available available

RURAL 6785 Breakup not Breakup not Breakup not

available available available
 ADVANTAGES OF SURVEYING-
•To regulate growth;

•To nullify the bad effects of past growth;

•To improve the transportation facilities;

•To optimize the resources utilization;

•To balance population & economic activities;

•To promote social integration among different categories.

THANK YOU

SUBMITTED BY- Aakriti Walia

Ankit
Saraswat
Archana
Swati Singla