U.S.

Psychologist Abraham Maslow was a practitioner of

humanistic psychology. He is known for his theory of “self-
actualization.”
Full Name:
Abraham Harold Maslow
Birth Date:
Famed psychologist Abraham Maslow was born on April 1,
1908.
Birth Place:
Brooklyn, New York.
Education:
University of Wisconsin, Columbia University
Occupation:
Academic, Educator, Scholar, Psychologist.
Death Date:
June 08, 1970
Maslow's original Hierarchy of Needs model was
developed between 1943-1954, and first widely published
in Motivation and Personality in 1954. At this time the
Hierarchy of Needs model comprised five needs.
Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs:
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology
proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A
Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review.
Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his
observations of humans' innate curiosity.
Five steps of Theory Needs:
1. Biological and Physiological needs:
Air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc.
2. Safety needs:
protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc.
3. Belongingness and Love needs:
work group, family, affection, relationships, love, sex, etc.
4. Esteem needs:
Achievement, independence, status, dominance, prestige, etc.
5. Self-Actualization needs:
Personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, etc.
Presentation # 2.

Two Factor Theory Of Frederick Irving Herzberg.

The two-factor theory (also known as Herzberg's
motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory)
states that there are certain factors in the workplace that
cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause
dissatisfaction. It was developed by psychologist Frederick
Herzberg, who theorized that job satisfaction and job
dissatisfaction act independently of each other.
Birth Date:
April 18, 1923
Birth Place:
Lynn, Massachusetts, U.S
Full Name:
Frederick Irving Herzberg.
Occupation:
Psychologist.
Death Date:
January 19, 2000
Profession:
Professor And Management Consultant.
About Herzberg And Education:
Herzberg enrolled at the City College of New York in 1939. He
did not finish his studies as he enlisted in the army.
In 1944 he married Shirley Bedell.
He finally finished his studies and graduated from the City
College of New York in 1946.
He then decided to move to the University of Pittsburgh
where he earned a master's degree in science and public health.
He completed a Ph.D. at Pittsburgh that focused on electric
shock therapy.
Herzberg started his research on organizations in the 1950s. He worked
at the University of Utah.
He proposed the motivator-hygiene theory, also known as the two
factor theory of job satisfaction.
Herzberg's theory of motivators and hygiene factors:
Herzberg (1959) constructed a two-dimensional paradigm of
factors affecting people's attitudes about work. He concluded
that such factors as company policy, supervision,
interpersonal relations, working conditions, and salary are
hygiene factors rather than motivators. According to the
theory, the absence of hygiene factors can create job
dissatisfaction, but their presence does not motivate or create
satisfaction.
Hygiene Factors.
Elements of life or work that do not increase satisfaction but
that can lead to dissatisfaction if they are missing.
Hygiene(Dissatisfaction) Factors and Motivators Factors.
Extrinsic(Environmental) motivators:
Extrinsic/Environmental motivators are expected and so cause
dissatisfaction if they are absent. Intrinsic motivators, on the other
hand, can provide extra motivation.
Extrinsic/Environmental motivators tend to represent more tangible,
basic needs, such as status, job security, salary, and fringe benefits.

Extrinsic refers to the external environment of the organization.

Intrinsic refers to the internal matters of the organization.