 Its stands for organic light emitting diode(OLED).

 Emerging Technology for displays in devices.

 Main principle behind OLED technology is

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE.
 Offers brighter, thinner, high contrast, flexible
displays.
 These are solid state devices composed of thin
films of organic molecules that is100 to 500
nanometres thick.

 They emits light with the application of electricity.

 They doesn’t require any backlight. i.e., they are
self emitting.

 They are made from carbon and hydrogen.

Electroluminescence is a process in which a
material emits light in response to electrical field
Applied across it.
 Flexibility.

 Emissive Technology.

 Light weight and thin.

 Low power consumption.

 High contrast, brighter and perfect display from all
angles.
Substrate.

Anode.

Cathode

Organic layer.

1. Conductive layer
transport "holes" from the anode.
This layer is made of polyaniline
2. Emissive layer
Electron Transport Layer from the cathode
made of polyfluorene
This is where light is made.
STRUCTURE OF OLED(FIGURE)
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

 A voltage is applied across the anode and cathode.

 Current flows from cathode to anode through the
organic layers.
 Electrons flow to emissive layer from the cathode.
 Electrons are removed from conductive layer
leaving holes.
 Holes jump into emissive layer .
 Electron and hole combine and light emitted.
WORKING PRINCIPLE(FIGURE)
 OLED DEVICE OPERATION

Transparent Anode Conductive Emissive Cathode

substrate (ITO) layer layer
eˉ eˉ
LUMO
LUMO

Light
HOMO
HOMO
h+ h+
h+
 TYPES OF OLED

Six types of OLEDs

 Passive matrix OLED(PMOLED).

 Active matrix OLED(AMOLED).

 Transparent OLED(TOLED).

 Top emitting OLED.

 Flexible OLED(FOLED).

 White OLED(WOLED).
PASSIVE MATRIX OLED
 The organic layers are
between strips of cathode
and anode.

 The intersections form the

pixels.

 Easy to make

 Uses more power

ACTIVE MATRIX OLED

 Full layers of cathode

and
anode.

 Anode overlays a thin

film transistor (TFT).

 Requires less power

 Higher refresh rates

TRANSPARENT OLED

Transparent OLEDs
have only
transparent
components
(substrate, cathode
and anode)
TOP EMITTING OLED

Top-emitting OLEDs
have a substrate that is
reflective
FLEXIBLE OLED
 OLED ADVANTAGES
Thinner, lighter and more flexible
Thin display
Can be made to larger sizes.
Large fields of view, about 170 degrees.
Faster response time.
Brighter.

High resolution, <5μm pixel size.

Safer for environment
Better Contrast Ratio
 OLED DISADVANTAGES
 Expensive.

 Lifespan.

 Water damage.

 Colour balance issues .

 APPLICATIONS
Major applications of OLED technology are

 OLED TV.

 Mobile phones with OLED screens.

 Rolltop Laptop.
OLED TV
MOBILE PHONES WITH OLED
SCREEN
ROLLTOP LAPTOP