Design of 2.

4GHz Patch Antennae for

WLAN Applications
ABSTRACT

A simple micro strip patch antenna is designed for Wireless Local Area
Network (WLAN) applications in IEEE 802.11b/g/n are presented. WLAN
is most commonly used wireless distribution standard for short distance
network communication. This paper describes a high-gain; single band
micro strip antenna is printed on FR-4 substrate and has dimensions of
29.2 x 29.2 x 1.6mm3 with a ground plane. The proposed patch antenna
design covers 2.4GHz frequency range with the return loss of -39.008dB.
The simulation has been done through ADS 2014. And the designed
antenna deliberates excellent performance and a great solution for WLAN
applications.
ANTENNA DESIGN
The geometry of the proposed rectangular feed
patch antenna is shown in Fig. 1. The antenna
design consists of three elements such as ground
plane, substrate and patch design. The antenna
uses FR4 substrate with a dimension of 29.2 x 29.2
x 1.6 mm3, dielectric constant is 4.8 and a loss
tangent of 0.001. The antenna feed is given as
rectangular feed at the center of the patch.
Mathematically the antenna dimensions are
calculated.

The width and length of the patch antenna is

calculated
as
CALCULATIONS

𝑉 2
o𝑊 = 0 √ Width of the
2𝑓𝑟 ∈𝑟 +1
patch(m)
𝑉0 1
o𝐿 = − ∆𝐿 Length of the patch(m)
2𝑓𝑟 ∈𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓

∈𝑟 +1 ∈ −1 12ℎ −1
o∈𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = + 𝑟 × (1 + )2 Effective dielectric
2 2 𝑊
constant
𝑊
(∈𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 +0.3) ( ℎ +0.264)
o∆𝐿 = 0.412ℎ × × 𝑊
(∈𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 −0.258) ( ℎ +0.8)
DIMENSIONS

o∈𝑟 = 4.4 𝐹Τ𝑚 relative permittivity of dielectric substrate

o𝑉0 = 3 × 108 𝑚Τ
𝑠 speed of light
o𝑓𝑟 = 2.4 GHz = 2.4× 109 Hz resonance frequency
oℎ = 1.8 𝑚𝑚
o∈𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 4.0574 𝐹Τ𝑚
o𝑊 = 𝑋 = 3.803 𝑐𝑚
o∆𝐿 = 8.2967 × 10−2 𝑐𝑚
o𝐿 = 𝑌 = 3.016 𝑐𝑚
2
oPosition of probe = 𝑊 = 2.535 𝑐𝑚
3
DIMESNIONS OF THE PATCH ANTENNA

Parameters W L A B C D

Unit (mm) 29.2 29.2 11.7 11.7 12 5.8

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

To investigate the proposed antenna, the following

parameters are necessary: Return loss and radiation
pattern. The antenna design is carried out through the
Comsol and Ansys HFSS software. And here the momentum
microwave optimization is preferred for proposed design.
First the patch design has been done in the corresponding
workspace provided in the software and followed by the
substrate editor. Generally the micro strip antenna contains
three elements: Ground plane, Substrate and patch. By
using the coordinate values, the patch antenna can be
easily designed in the workspace. The return loss is a
measure of reflected and forward power which will be
denoted by S11.
RETURN LOSS OF PROPOSED ANTENNA
RADIATION PATTERN
SMITH CHART FOR DESIGNED ANTENNA
FREQUENCY , RETURN LOSS , GAIN AND DIRECTIVITY

FREQUENCY – 2.4GHz
Return Loss – -39.008 dB
Gain - 4.685 dBi
Directivity – 6.287 dBi
CONCLUSION
WLAN is a promising technology for short distance communication. In this
presentation, a novel 2.4GHz patch antenna for WLAN application in 802.11b/g/n
has been demonstrated. Acceptable performance has been achieved in terms of
return loss, radiation pattern and bandwidth. In addition, the gain and directivity
shows that the antenna is perfectly matched for WLAN applications. This antenna
will be easily fabricated with low cost due to its size and substrate material. FR4 is
a cheapest material which provides optimum performance for antenna fabrication.
It is seen that the proposed antenna achieved good performance for WLAN
applications in simulation model. Future work will focuses on fabrication and
testing with performance comparison of simulation and fabrication results.
Thank You
Submitted By –
Abhishek Kumar
Batch – ENTC B3
Roll no. 312