Fishing operations and tools

Under supervision of
Prof.Dr. Ahmed El Gebaly
 Fishing
• Fishing is any operation or procedure to release, remove, or
recover a fish.

• The fish is any obstruction or equipment, usually tubular, in

the wellbore that restricts or adversely affects current or
future drilling, casing, completion, or production operations.

• Fishing occurs in straight, deviated, and horizontal holes, both

open and cased.

• Fish are removed with a wide variety of fishing tools and

related services, such as logging and cementing.
 GENERAL RULES AND PROCEDURES
• PERSONNEL
Competent personnel with experience in both drilling and fishing operations
and with good communications skills are absolute necessities to prevent
fishing and to conduct operations successfully when fishing occurs.
fishing is not a normal operation. Personnel are not familiar with it, and as a
result, FISHING OFTEN LEADS TO FISHING.

• BE PREPARED BEFORE FISHING OCCURS

Being prepared requires a good understanding of all conditions and general
problems related to drilling in an area, including what caused prior fishing
jobs and how they were handled.
 GENERAL RULES AND PROCEDURES
• WHEN A FISHING JOB OCCURS
Experienced operators know what to do when fishing or sticking occurs.
Generally:
 Take Immediate Action
 Learn All Details
 Develop a Plan of Action

TIME SPENT FISHING

Carefully consider all operations during fishing before taking action. This is not a time
to hurry. However, remember that recovering the fish quickly often reduces
problems.
 GENERAL RULES AND PROCEDURES
WHEN AND HOW TO QUIT
An important part of fishing is knowing when to quit. The decision of when to
quit should be made early in the fishing
job as part of the long-range plan.
Consult with geologists, reservoir engineers, and others responsible for a well
before starting an extensive fishing job. This may help determine whether
fishing is warranted and provide guidance concerning the course of action.

POST ANALYSIS
Post-analysis of a fishing job basically includes a report of what
happened, how it was corrected, and what action will prevent
it from happening in the future.
 GUIDES TO FISHING
• Work on the Fish from the Top Down
• Select the Strongest Catch Tool
• Pull the Fish out of the Hole without Delay
• Do Not Rotate When Pulling a Fish
• Expedite Fishing Operations
• Eliminate the Cause of Fishing if Necessary
• Don't Arbitrarily Assume the Fishing Job Is Easy
• Priority of Operations
• Keep Top of Fish Clean
• Anticipate Mechanical Repairs
 TOOLS AND ASSEMBLIES
When a fishing operation is required, you need to have the right
tools at hand or know where to find them, fast. You also need
to know they will do the job for you.
 Repair & Remedial tool
• High Pressure Casing Patches
• Lead Seal Tubing and Casing Patches
• Lead Seal Cementing Casing Patches
• Underwater Wellhead Casing Patches
• Casing Scraper
• Tubing and Casing Rollers
• Itcolube
 Packer-Type Casing Patches and High
Pressure Packer-Type Casing Patches
Are external catch tools, designed to engage a previously prepared Fish, pack it
off, and become a permanent part of the repaired tubing, pipe, or casing
string.

The same dependable method of engagement and release which is used for
Overshots is employed in Packer Type Casing Patches. These Patches feature
positive engagement and positive seal-off in either direction, providing a
permanent, rigid connection which will remain leak-proof for years, yet it may
be easily released if ever the need arises.

Packer Type Casing Patches will not restrict the bore of the casing or tubing in any
manner, and are as strong as the string being repaired. They are available in all
popular sizes from 3/4" standard pipe through 133/8“ casing.

Non-standard Patches will be furnished on special order for any size pipe or
casing at extra cost.
 Lead Seal Tubing and Casing Patches
are particularly well suited for service in wells which contain fluids and
gases which are harmful to synthetic rubber packers. The seals used
are compression type, multiple lead rings.

These seals are cast from commercially pure (unalloyed) lead, which is fully annealed
for uniformity of flow and to minimize the setting load required to set them.

The same method of engagement (and release) is utilized as in the Packer Type Casing
Patch. When engaged, an upward strain causes the outer assembly to move
upward while the engaged grapple, carrier and control remain stationary.

Compression between the carrier and guide causes the lead seals to flow around the
tubing or casing,
forming a highly effective seal.
 Lead Seal Cementing Casing Patches
are designed to form a permanent sealed connection between two strings of tubing or casing and
cement them together in a single run. These Patches incorporate the proven compression-
type multiple lead seal assembly and a valving method which allows it to be cemented in
place immediately after it is set.

The primary seals are cast from commercially pure lead, which is impervious to most well fluids
and gases. These seals are effective in temperatures up to 550°F.

These Casing Patches are very simple to operate. The Patch is assembled, attached to the running
string and lowered over the washed over string. The running string is lifted, allowing the
outer body parts to move up-hole while the Grapple and Carrier remain in position. This
compresses the Lead Seals, forming an initial seal.

The running string is then lowered, telescoping the carrier and stinger upward in the outer body
parts and opening the valve formed between the integral lower seal and the stinger. Cement
is immediately pumped through this valve, cementing the Patch and running string in place.

After cementing, a moderate pull is again applied to the running string and maintained during the
cement curing interval.
How to Order
Specify:
(1) Name and number of assembly or part.
(2) Casing O.D.
(3) Size and type of thread.
 Underwater Wellhead Casing Patches
Are engineered to allow casing to be salvaged during landing operations, which would otherwise
necessitate expensive underwater washover and pulling operations Underwater Wellhead
Casing Patches are essentially the same as the well known standard Packer Type Casing Patch,
with the added feature of a long Top Extension.

These Casing Patches are available in a complete range of sizes from 51/2" through 133/8" casing.
Additional sizes to meet specific requirements will be made on special order.

The Top Extension is manufactured from casing where practical to reduce cost to a minimum.
Where hole sizes will not permit the inexpensive extension, alloy tubing is used. Extensions
are available, in most cases, of any required length.

Sometimes during landing operations the casing being landed gets stuck off bottom. It this
happens while the casing is being floated down in cement, an expensive and time consuming
fishing job could result.
In place of conventional fishing, the operation may be salvaged by using a
Casing Patch in the following manner.

 The first collar below the well head may be located and the casing cut.
 The upper portion of the casing is removed from the well.
 The remaining portion of the casing is engaged and packed off, and is
then engaged with a Releasing Spear and pulled up into the path a
sufficient distance to insure proper tension in the casing string.
How to Order
Specify:
(1) Name and number of assembly or part.
(2) Connection size, and type.
(3) Type of casing patch.
(4) Casing size to be patched.
(5) Length and O.D. of extension, if other than standard.
 Casing Scraper
The new Bowen Casing Scraper is ideal for the removal of mud, cement,
bullets, rust, scale, paraffin, perforation burrs and other obstructions from the
inside walls of casing.

Maintaining a clean casing I.D. is important when operating drilling, fishing, or wireline
tools. Likewise, packers, patches, spears, and similar tool require clean surfaces to
grip.

Obstructions on casing walls will frequently cause these tools to fail or become
difficult to operate. Utilizing a simple one-piece mandrel design, the Bowen
Casing
Scraper is constructed to be rugged, yet simple to operate and maintain.

The Scraper conditions 50% more surface area than any other tool on the
market. The full circle blades are so spaced to contact 600° (almost two
complete circles) of casing surface at once.
Short and compact, the Scraper also incorporates a long taper on the blades
for passing through joints without hanging.
The Scraper works in vertical or

rotary operations and may be run on drill pipe or wireline. Bowen Casing Scrapers are
available to condition pipe ranging from 23/8 inch tubing to 133/8 inch casing. For more
information on the use, operation and specifications of the Scraper contact your Bowen
representative.

Advantages
• More scraping surface…approximately 50% more than any other scraper on the market.
Extends blade life.
• Full circle blades contact 600° surface at once.
• Short, compact, easy to assemble and disassemble.
• Longer guide taper on blades for passing through joints without hanging.
• Vertical and rotary operation — may be run on wireline or drill pipe.
• Investment cast tool steel blades allows maximum scraping ability.
How to Order
Specify:
(1) Connection size of casing or tubing
(2) Fishing neck size
(3) Weight of casing
 Tubing and Casing Rollers
Tubing and Casing Rollers are simple, rugged tools for restoring buckled, collapsed,
or dented casing to its normal diameter and roundness. There are no pins, springs
or other small parts to break or lose in the hole, making it safer to use and easier
to maintain than other rollers.
Operation is very simple requiring only ample fluid circulation and slow rotary speeds.

Bowen Tubing and Casing Rollers are composed of a mandrel with a series of eccentric
roll surfaces, each of which is assembled with a series of heavy-duty rollers. These
rollers are secured by a nose cone which is locked to the mandrel by a series of
husky ball bearings, running in a race between the nose cone and lower mandrel
end.
These tools may be redressed to roll a larger size by changing the rollers to proper
oversize rollers. The Casing Roller is equally effective using right- or left-hand
rotation and left-hand connections will be furnished on request.

Lower stinger connections may be furnished on a special nose cone or on the lower
mandrel end on request, at additional cost.
How to Order
Specify:
(1) Name and number of assembly or part.
(2) Casing O.D. and weight.
(3) Top connection, if other than standard.
 Itcolube
Bowen Itcolube is composed of a new formula which has greatly improved the anti-
seize, anti-gall, and the general lubricating and protective qualities of the product.

Itcolube is compounded from a special blend of non-gassing, high quality zinc dust and
carefully blended greases. It is smooth-textured, colloidal, homogeneous, non-
melting,requires no mixing, and is water resistant. It also resists high
temperatures.

Itcolube is recommended for use wherever two metals come into contact with each
other, like in mandrel splines or bushings. It is especially recommended for use on
all threaded joints, particularly threaded joints of drill pipe tool joints and thread
connections of subsurface tools.

Any threaded joint which would ordinarily be dressed with conventional thread
compound may be coated with Itcolube. This can be very important in critical
applications where contamination by thread compounds cannot be tolerated. With
proper application, Itcolube will usually not contaminate, since less bulk of
material is required.
How to Order
Specify:
(1) Name and part number.
(2) Quantity of cans or cases desired.
(3) Size of cans in ounces or lbs.