Foundation of Morality:

Freedom-responsibility for
one’s act and to others
Rodriguez, Arman
Mangay, John Cedric
BSA1B
Responsibility & Freedom
The more comprehensive and diversified the social order, the
greater the responsibility and the freedom of the individual. His
freedom is the greater, because the more numerous are the
effective stimuli to action, and the more varied and the more
certain the ways in which he may fulfill his powers. His
responsibility is greater because there are more demands for
considering the consequences of his acts; and more agencies for
bringing home to him the recognition of consequences which
affect not merely more persons individually, but which also
influence the more remote and hidden social ties.
LIABILITY
Freedom and responsibility have a relatively superficial and
negative meaning and a relatively positive central meaning. In
its external aspect, responsibility is liability

EFFECTIVE FREEDOM
Exemption from restraint and from interference with overt action
is only a condition, though an absolutely indispensable one, of
effective freedom.
LEGAL AND MORAL
Positive responsibility and freedom may be regarded as moral,
while liability and exemption are legal and political. A particular
individual at a given time is possessed of certain secured
resources in execution and certain formed habits of desire and
reflection. In so far, he is positively free.
Minimum requirement for
Morality:
Reasons and Impartiality
Moral reasoning
• Applies critical analysis to specific events to determine what is
right or wrong, and what people ought to do in a particular
situation. Both philosophers and psychologists study moral
reasoning.
• Applies logic and moral theories, such as deontology or
utilitarianism, to specific situations or dilemmas.
Impartiality also called even-handedness
A principle of justice holding that decisions should be based on
objective criteria, rather than on the basis of bias, prejudice, or
preferring the benefit to one person over another for improper
reasons.
Keep the following rough guidelines
in mind when handling cases of
conflicting obligations, ideals, and
effects
1. When two or more moral obligations conflict, choose the
stronger one.
Keep the following rough guidelines
in mind when handling cases of
conflicting obligations, ideals, and
effects
2. When two or more ideals conflict, or when ideals conflict with
obligations, honor the more important one.
Keep the following rough guidelines
in mind when handling cases of
conflicting obligations, ideals, and
effects
3. When rival actions will have different results, choose the
action that produces the greater good or the lesser harm.
 Evaluation
1.Applies critical analysis to specific events to determine what is right
or wrong
- moral reasoning
2.Applies logic and moral theories, such as deontology or
utilitarianism, to specific situations or dilemmas
- moral reasoning
3.A principle of justice holding that decisions should be based on
objective criteria, rather than on the basis of bias, prejudice
-Impartiality
4.also called even-handedness
-Impartiality
5-6.The more comprehensive and diversified the social order,
-responsibility
-freedom
7.In its external aspect, responsibility is
-liability
8-10.When two or more moral obligations conflict
-choose the stronger one.
-honor the more important one
-choose the action that produces the greater good or the lesser harm.
THANK YOU
