Cube Construction Engineering Ltd

GHB Sachin Site - Surat

Knowledge Sharing of Basic Information For Dengue

And It’s Precautions In Construction Site’s

By Mr. Jignesh Patel (Safety Executive)

Mr. Harbhim Vaghamshi (Safety Executive)
 Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of
viruses transmitted by mosquitoes.
• Dengue (pronounced DEN gee) fever is a painful, debilitating mosquito-borne
disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. These viruses are
related to the viruses that cause West Nile infection and Yellow Fever.
• An estimated 390 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year, with about
96 million resulting in illness. Most cases occur in tropical areas of the world, with
the greatest risk occurring in:
• The Indian subcontinent
Southeast Asia
Southern China
Taiwan
The Pacific Islands
The Caribbean (except Cuba and the Cayman Islands)
Mexico
Africa
Central and South America (except Chile, Paraguay, and Argentina)
• Most cases in the United States occur in people who contracted the infection while
traveling abroad. But the risk is increasing for people living along the Texas-Mexico
border and in other parts of the southern United States. In 2009, an outbreak of
dengue fever was identified in Key West, Fla.
 The Mosquito
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector that transmits the viruses that cause
dengue. The viruses are passed on to humans through the bites of an infective
female Aedes mosquito, which mainly acquires the virus while feeding on the blood of
an infected person.
Mosquito Life Cycle
 Symptoms of Dengue Fever
Symptoms, which usually begin four to six days after
infection and last for up to 10 days, may include
• Sudden, high fever
• Severe headaches
• Pain behind the eyes
• Severe joint and muscle pain
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Skin Rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of fever
• Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, Bleeding Gums, or easy bruising)
• Sometimes, symptoms are mild and can be mistaken for those of the flu or another viral infection.
• If it is not diagnosed at the right time, it can become a serious issue. It could lead to dengue
hemorrhagic fever. People have even lost lives after being attacked by this virus. People with weak
immune system are also prone to this disease.
• An individual will also notice sudden drop in their platelets count once the blood test is done. If the
fever is too high, blood test should be repeated the next day in order to track the platelets count as
well as the haemoglobin count. Even after treatment if proper care is not taken, dengue fever can
relapse. NO medicines should be taken without doctor’s guidance. It is not necessary any anti-
biotic could suit you.
Symptoms of Dengue Fever
 Concerted Efforts By Construction Sites In
Preventing Dengue
• The objective is to encourage good housekeeping habits and rigorous vector control to guard against
mosquito breeding.
• Extending the Do The Mozzie Wipeout campaign launched by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong on 28 April,
NEA and SCAL reaches out to construction sites, encouraging them to be vigilant against mosquito
breeding. A visit to Yishun Green walk construction site located at 314 Yishun Ring Road was organized by
SCAL this morning to showcase the good practices undertaken at the construction site to prevent
mosquito breeding. Some of the activities included:
• clearing of stagnant water by removing unwanted rubbish and articles;
leveling ground depressions to reduce water ponding;
over-turning containers and canvas sheets and reducing the dependency on such materials; and
clearing potential blockage along drainage areas to reduce water ponding (refer to Annex for photos).
• Though it has been found that a large number (60-70%) of mosquito breedings are in homes while
construction sites comprise about 5% of breeding spots, everyone in the community needs to come
together to help prevent dengue.
• - Closely monitor the hygienic condition to prevent breeding of mosquitoes;
• - Conduct weekly inspection to identify breeding / potential breeding places and eliminate such places as
far as possible.
• - Public are advised to check and eliminate any possible breeding places within their premises at a
frequency not less than once a week.
• - To conduct special operations in addition to the regular weekly program to eliminate all breeding /
potential breeding places;
• - Private pest control contractor might be employed to control the mosquito problem. Other control
measures by using larvicides or adulticides might be feasible.
Dengue Mosquito Cluster Founding Location Photo
 Dengue Mosquito Cluster Found Location
• Puddles on ground and concrete floor at all levels
• Building materials - zinc sheets, form work, steel bars, metal beams, pipings, uninstalled toilets, etc including
canvas sheets
• Demolition debris
• Equipment and machineries, including excavators, etc
• Water storage/ filtration/ sedimentation tanks, drums, containers
• Barriers
• Trenches
• Bulk waste containers, skips & refuse bins
• Drains/ temporary channels constructed for drainage
• Sump pits/ silt traps
• Vehicle wash bays
• Lift wells
• Concrete test cube tanks
• Tool boxes
• Paint tins/ cans.
• Plastic containers/ cooking pots & pans/ domestic containers
• Toilet cisterns & unused toilet bowls
• Bathing point concrete tanks
• Drain holes of unused sinks
• Gully/ floor traps
 Prevention measures that needs to taken to stay away
from Dengue Fever

• All you need to know about its precautions

• Killing of mosquito larvae
• Prevention is better than cure. As the mosquitoes have to breed in water, it is more effective and efficient
to control mosquito at source at its aquatic stage. Pesticide should only be used for killing of mosquito in
its breeding place or preventing its breeding if the breeding sources or potential breeding grounds are
inaccessible or could not be eliminated for the time being. The followings must be noted for killing
mosquito larvae:
• Larvicidal oil can be applied to stagnant water directly with dosage according to the label instructions.
• Higher than required concentration of larvicide or excessive amount of larvicidal oil would not give better
result on killing the mosquito larvae.
• The pesticides used must have been registered with the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation
Department.
• Depending on the product, larvicide may be applied weekly into the stagnant water until the water has
been removed.
• Larvicidal oil need not be applied into the stagnant water again if the oil is still present in the water.
• Pesticide applicator should put on protective gears including face mask and rubber gloves during pesticide
application.
• Killing of adult mosquito
• Elimination of adult mosquitoes is relatively difficult as compared with that of the larvae.
Adult mosquitoes usually disperse from their breeding place and hide in inconspicuous sites.
The followings must be noted for killing adult mosquitoes:
• Adult mosquito can be killed by using household pesticides against flying insect with dosage
according to the label instructions.
• The pesticides may be applied in form of aerosol, liquid spray, smoke (traditional mosquito
coil) or vapour (electric mosquito mat/liquid).
• Do not spray the pesticides directly against functioning electrical appliances or flame to avoid
explosion.
• Aerosol and liquid spray has to be applied directly to the adult mosquito for effective killing.
• Spraying of pesticide excessively on adult mosquito is not necessary for killing the insect.
• Mosquito coil and electric mosquito mat/liquid has to be placed near possible entrance, such
as window, for mosquito.
• Care must be taken to ensure good ventilation and to avoid fire hazard on using mosquito
coil.
• Protection against adult mosquitoes
• Adult mosquito attacks people for getting blood for laying eggs. The followings
have to be noted for getting protection against adult mosquitoes:
• Windows and doors could be screened.
• Wear long-sleeved clothes and long trousers when going outdoors.
• Mosquito bed net could be used when the room is not air-conditioned.
• Bodies could be protected from mosquito bite by applying mosquito repellent on
the clothes or skin according to label instructions.
• Advice to Public:
• To tidy up their premises and check for any accumulation of water inside their premises;
• To remove all unnecessary water collection and eliminate the sources;
• To change at least every week the water in flower vases and saucers of potted plants to
prevent breeding of mosquitoes. The use of saucers should be avoided whenever possible;
• To properly cover all containers that hold water to prevent mosquito from accessing the
water;
• To properly dispose articles that are able to contain water such as empty lunch boxes, cans
and tyres;
• To stop storing water along morning walk trails or Government land for irrigation;
• To make large holes on tyres used as anti-bumping measure in garage to prevent water
trapping or use mark(s) on the parking space to prevent bumping instead.
• To contact the district pest control offices or PCAS of FEHD, or pest control companies for
assistance in mosquito control or prevention.
 Mosquito Preventing Processes
• Remove stagnant water
• Dispose of garbage properly
• Cover water containers properly, and keep empty containers upside down to avoid
• collecting water
• Fill bamboo stumps and uneven ground with sand, mud or cement
• Remove garbage from gullies to avoid choking
• Wrap up disused tyres or punch the tyres with large holes
• Cover construction materials that might collect water properly
• Keep all material stacking in vertical position.
Always Maintain Material Stacking Condition In
Vertical Position
Mosquito Spraying
Fogging Process
Waste Oil & DDT Powder Spraying
 Treatment for Dengue Fever
• There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. If you think you may have dengue
fever, you should use pain relievers with acetaminophen and avoid medicines with , which
could worsen bleeding. You should also rest, drink plenty of fluids, and see your doctor. If you
start to feel worse in the first 24 hours after your fever goes down, you should get to a
hospital immediately to be checked for complications.
• What is the treatment for Dengue Fever?
• In some cases, dengue could be treated at home. Doctors give the patient a pattern to follow
right from diet to the type of medicines to be taken. One cannot identify which mosquito
would be infected and so we ourselves need to ensure from all mosquito bites.
• Dengue mosquitoes bite during the day. Chances are high two hours before sunrise and
sunset. So avoid opening household windows early morning and keep it shut before 6pm.
Cover your body by wearing full sleeves cotton outfits. Whether it is day or night use
mosquito nets if you intend to take short nap or sleep for long hours.

Preventing Dengue Fever

• There is no vaccine to prevent dengue fever. The best way to prevent the disease is to
prevent bites by infected mosquitoes, particularly if you are living in or traveling to a tropical
area. This involves protecting yourself and making efforts to keep the mosquito population
down.
Knowledge Sharing Meeting Photo’s
Knowledge Sharing Meeting Attendance Sheet
Thanks GHB Sachin Site - Surat