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Part 1
Intro
Historical Facts
50 A.D. Plinius the Elder described natural alum stone (Al-S
compound) as “alumen“ .
Al stone used by Egyptians as binder for paint sand dyes as
early as 1000 B.C.
1750 Andreas Sigismund Marggraf discovered the basic of
aluminium : Alumina, a compound of oxygen and an unknown
metal.
1809 Sir Humphrey Davy extracted aluminum from alumina and
called it “aluminum“. The metal re-converted to alumina in a
fraction of a second
1825 Hans Christian Oerstedt: first person to prepare the pure
metal. He passed the information to Friedrich Wöhler, who
was first to describe some physical and chemical properties
1854 Robert Wilhelm Bunsen extracted aluminum using the
electrolysis
Historical Facts
1854 Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Devoville takes the first step
towards the commercial production of aluminum
1886 Paul Louis Toussaint Héroult(F) and independently Charles
Martin Hall (USA) filed patents for “fused-salt electrolysis“
→Hall–Héroult Process. Process was made possible by the
invention of the dynamo 20 years earlier byWerner von Siemens,
and the development of the Bayer Process for producing
Alumina from bauxite (contains 50% alumina together with iron
oxide and silicon oxide).
1906 Alfred Wilm (D) discovers by chance that small quantities of
copper, manganese, magnesium and silicon led to significant
improvements of the mechanical properties → structural
applications of aluminum(alloys)
Today Second mostwidelyusedmetal aftersteel
General Facts
• Aluminium ore : bauxite
• Low density
• The third most abundant
element (after oxygen and
silicon), and the most
abundant metal, in the
Earth's crust
• Recyclibility
Production
• Typical route
Recycled /
Scrap Al
Melting
Wrought
Bauxite Extraction and Forming
product
Casting
Transportation
Electrical Construction
Aluminium
Domestic Packaging
Appliance
Chemical
Applications