Technical Interventions On Operation of Petroleum Dispatch Centre To

Vidyanagar, Hubballi – 580 031, Karnataka, INDIA
Presentation on
Technical Interventions on Operation of Petroleum Dispatch Centre to

Minimize Energy Cost Through the use of Solar Energy
Submitted by:
AVINASH. P. CARNEIRO
(01FE15MES004)
Internal Guide External Guide

Prof P.P.Revankar Mr. Rajan. G
Associate Professor Station-In-Charge
KLE Technological University, Hubballi Petronet MHBL, Mangalore
4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1

CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Problem statement
3. Objectives of the study
4. Literature review
5. Project execution
6. Results and discussions
7. Conclusions
8. Scope for future work

INTRODUCTION
 Oil remains the world's leading fuel, accounting for one-third of the world's energy
consumption with around 1.6 million barrels per day consumed globally making its
transportation an important concern due to environmental issues.
 Oil consumption has increased at 3.3 per cent over the period 2008-2016 with
consumption of 4.0 Mb/d during 2016 on account oil imports continuously
increasing.
 India has proven oil reserves of 5.7 billion barrels and 1.4 trillion m3 of gas
reserves, but India remains a net importer of energy, due to the low production base.
 The petroleum transportation through pipelines over the long distance requires well
designed pump sets, highly equipped dispatch station and control station. The large
amount of money has to be spent towards the heavy electricity bills incurred at
dispatch station due to continuous running. An alternative option to reduce the high
power consumption costs can be through adoption of green energy.

Continued
 The photovoltaic system is a reliable and clean source of electricity that can
be adopted to a variety of applications. Photovoltaic plants are one of the most
important renewable sources of energy, as they are an effective solution to
environmental problems.
 The demand for electricity in the country has risen rapidly and is expected to
rise further in the coming years. To meet the growing demand of electricity in
the country, a massive addition to the installed generating capacity is required.
 India increased its solar-generation capacity for almost four times from 2,650
MW on 26 May 2014 to 12,289 MW on 31 March 2017.

OIL CONSUMPTION POTENTIAL OF INDIA
Oil consumption in India as on 2016

TOP 10 SOLAR POWER INSTALLED CAPACITY IN INDIA
Solar Power installed capacity n MW

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 The petroleum dispatch center requires enormous amount of energy to run the pumps
for over a long period of time. The power required for these pumps results in the large
amount of electricity bills.
 There is no alternative for the energy consumption in the cross country petroleum
dispatch stations. But however we can provide an alternate source of energy to run the
majority of the equipment in the dispatch station.
 The proposed solar power plant at the dispatch stations can be made to provide power
to the control room, lighting of the building, street lighting, all the other major
machineries and equipment up to the rating of 440 volts installed at the pump house and
other stations.
 The use of renewable energy not only caters the gap between demand and supply but
also does not contribute to the global carbon foot print unlike conventional source of
energy.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. Study of Petroleum dispatch process with focus on pipelines and pumping

station in view of plant operation taking account of power consumption at
High tension (H.T) and Low tension (L.T)load connected to the plant.
2. To perform computational analysis on the H.T and L.T side power

consumption.
3. To assess feasibility of Grid tied SPV power plant for L.T side of the station
using the PVSyst tool and simulate its operation.
4. Formulate Single Line Diagram of SPV power plant.

METHODOLOGY
The methodologies employed for the present study are as follows:

 Investigation and the survey of site based on solar plant requirement in
order to check the feasibility for the solar plant installation.
 Study of Petroleum dispatch process taking account of power consumption

at High tension (H.T) and Low tension (L.T)load connected to the plant.
To perform MATLAB computational analysis on the H.T and L.T side power
consumption.
To design and propose SPV power plant for L.T side of the station using the
PVSyst tool and simulate its operation.
Formulate Single Line Diagram of SPV power plant for the dispatch center
using AUTOCAD.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Review on Petroleum Sector
Brandon J. Murrill et al., describe the Pipelines are a relatively safe means of
transporting oil and gas compared to other modes of transport but have the
potential to damage the environment by the dangerous substances they carry.
Abarasi Hartet al., describes that an enormous energy or high pumping power
required to overcome the high pressure drop in the pipeline due to its high
viscosity in the reservoir conditions. The review provides direction for
improvement and development of new technologies for the transport of bitumen
and heavy oil by pipelines.
Conrado Borraz-Sanchez et al., his research covers several approaches that help
to a better understanding of the topic for the future research and the study of the
mathematical formulations and difficulties of the equivalent optimization
problems.

Continued
LiuXu Wang Xiaoyu et al., describes the corrosion mechanism of oil and
gas pipeline improved protection technology. This document presents the
mechanism of corrosion of the pipelines and the current corrosion technique
has been analyzed.
Sayed Ahmed Imran Bellar et al., explains a flow simulation using

Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equation was performed by
considering different blade angles and impeller surface roughness to different
petroleum products.

Reviews on Solar Sector
Shruti Sharma et al., describes the development of thin films, dye-sensitized solar
cells and organic solar cells improved the solar cell efficiency. Development is
generally hindered by costs and efficiency.
Sharma B.D. et al., describes the acquisition and simulation of data is a complex
process and may have inaccuracies of 3 to 20%. The most reliable data is measured
with accurate instruments.
K.H. Husseinet al., briefs about comparing the incremental and instantaneous
conductance of the PV array for developing a new Maximum Power Tracking (MPT)
algorithm to track Maximum Power Operating Point (MPOP). A new type of lower
power photovoltaic (PV) system with simple structure has been designed.
S. Yuvarajan et. al., briefs about the proposing of MPPT for a photovoltaic (PV)
panel using the open circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the PV array, a fast
and accurate maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm.

Continued
Hemakshi Bhoye et al., describes that how to establish PV solar power plant
design as well as calculation of power generation, based on that to further
recommendation and techniques to reduce the cost of PV solar power plant.
M. H. Albadi et al, explains Retscreen software was used to provide the necessary
data on cost and financial analysis to determine the annual output and the amount
of greenhouse gas reduction corresponding to the clean energy generated from solar
PV system.

PETRONET MHBL – PETROLEUM DISPATCH CENTER
1 Petroleum dispatch center – Petronet MHBL, Mangalore

DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF PETROLEUM DISPATCH CENTER
1. Pumping station
2. Metering Stations
3. Valve Manifolds
4. Valves
5. Piping Manifolds
6. Pigging
7. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems
8. Telecommunication Towers
9. Mass Flow Meters
10. Corrosion Control Systems

POWER CONSUMPTION AT PETRONET MHBL
Power consumption Main line pumps and Booster pump

While Single pump is running, the rated current ratings are as below
Avg. Main line pump current while running, I1 = 31 A
Avg. Booster pump current while running, I2 = 17 A
While Dual pumps are running the current ratings are as below
Avg. current of Main line pump while running, I3 = Main pump 1 + Main pump 2
I3 = 29 + 29 = 58A
Avg. current of Booster pump while running, I4 = 16A
Total power required for the Single pump
Power required for the Main line pump, P1  3 V I1 cos 
P1  3  6600  31  0.9  318.939 kW
Power required for the Booster pump, P2  3 V I 2 cos 

P2  3  6600  17  0.9  174.90 kW

Total power required for the Dual pump
Power required for the Main line pump, P3  3 V I 3 cos 
P3  3  6600  58  0.9  596.72 kW
Power required for the Booster pump, P4  3 V I 4 cos 

P4  3  6600  16  0.9  164.61 kW
Motor Running hours for April 2017 from daily reports Petronet MHBL,
Single pump (1 Main line pump + 1 Booster pump) = 376 h
Dual pump (2 Main line pump + 1 Booster pump) = 215 h
Avg. motor running hours per day for April 2017

Avg. running hours of the Single pump, T1 = 376/30 = 12.53 hrs
Avg. running hours of the Dual pump, T2 = 215/30 = 07.16 hrs

Per day energy consumption
Per day energy consumption of the Main line pump, E 3  P3  T2

E 3  596.72  07.16  4272.51 kWhr/day
Per day Energy consumption of the Booster pump, E  P  T

4 4 2
E4  164.61 07.16  1178.60 kWhr/day
Total energy consumption per day PT = E1+ E2 + E3 + E4

PT = 3996.316 + 2191.497 +4272.51 + 1178.60
PT = 11,638.923 kWh/day
i.e. Total H.T. units consumed for the day = 11,638.923Units/Day

Total H.T. units consumed for April 2017 = 11,638.923 × 30
= 3, 49,167.69 Units/Month

L.T side power consumption
Total L.T. side units = Total units consumed for April 2017 (Ref. MRPL bill) -
Total H.T. units consumed for April 2017
(By subtracting the calculated H.T side Energy consumption units from the Total
number of unit consumption for the month, we will get the L.T side units.)
Total L.T. side units = 3, 76,314.2 - 3, 49,072.04

Total L.T. side units = 27,241.96 Units
Total L.T side charges for April 2017
Total kVA rating of the Mangalore station = 890.4 kVA
Demand charges for April 2017 = Rs.200/kVA
Total demand charges for April 2017 = 890.4 × 200= 1, 78,080.00

Continued
Demand charges for per unit = Total demand charges for April 2017
Total units Consumed for April 2017 (Ref. MRPL bill)
= 3, 76,314.2 /200
= 0.47 Rs./unit
L.T side demand charges for April 2017 = Total L.T. side units × Demand charges per unit
 27241.96  0.47  12803.72Rs
Energy charges as per the MRPL bill = 6.5Rs/unit

Total Energy charges of the L.T side for April 2017 = 27,241.96× 6.5 =1, 77,072.74Rs
Additional Electricity tax on Energy demand = 17,707.27(10% of L.T side energy
charges of 1, 77,072.74)

Continued
Energy Escalation charges as per the MRPL bill = 0.06Rs/unit

Total Energy Escalation charges of the L.T side for April 2017 = 27,241.96 x 0.06
= 1634.51
Total L.T charges for April 2017 = L.T side demand charges + Total Energy charges
of the L.T side + Electricity Tax + Fuel Escalation charges
=12,803.72 + 1, 77,072.74 + 17,707.27 + 1634.51
= 2, 09,218.24Rs.

START FLOW CHART
DISPLAY THE NO. OF DAYS
MAIN LINE & BOOSTER PUMP

CURRENT FOR SINGLE &
DUAL PUMP, VOLTAGE V, PF RUNNING HOURS (SINGLE PUMP),
= I1, I2, I3, I4, V, COS ɸ T1= (M1/m)
RUNNING HOURS (DUAL PUMP),

MAIN LINE PUMP POWER (SINGLE), P1 =
(√3)*V*I1*COS ɸ)
T2= (M2/m)
POWER CONSUMPTION OF MAIN

BOOSTER PUMP POWER (SINGLE), P2 =
(√3)*V*I2*COS ɸ) LINE PUMP (SINGLE), E1= (P1*T1)
MAIN LINE PUMP POWER (DUAL), P3 = POWER CONSUMPTION BOOSTER

(√3)*V*I3*COS ɸ) PUMP (SINGLE), E2= (P2*T1)
BOOSTER PUMP POWER (DUAL), P4 =

POWER CONSUMPTION OF MAIN
(√3)*V*I4*COS ɸ)
LINE PUMP (DUAL), E3= (P3*T2)
MOTOR RUNNING POWER CONSUMPTION OF MAIN

HOURS, NO. OF LINE PUMP (DUAL), E4= (P4*T2)
DAYS = M1, M2, m
TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION PER

DAY PC = (PC1/1000)
DISPLAY
NO. OF NO. OF
DAYS = DAYS m=31
If, m>31 HT UNITS CONSUMPTION
HT = (PC*m)
CONTINUED
TOTAL L.T CHARGES, TLTC=
L.T. & H.T. SIDE KVA CHARGES, DEMAND (LTDC+TECM+AETD+TEEC)
CHARGE, TOTAL UNITS CONSUMED,
(MRPL BILL) = TU, DC, KVA
B
TOTAL DEMAND CHARGES, TDC= (KVA*DC)
H.T. DEMAND CHARGES, HTDC = (HT*DCU)

DEMAND CHARGES PER UNIT, DCU=
(TDC/TU)
TOTAL ENERGY CHARGES H.T., HECM =

ENERGY CHARGES, ENERGY (HT*ECM)
ESCALATION CHARGES = ECM, EECM
ELECTRICITY TAX, AETD1 = (HECM*0.1)
TOTAL ENERGY CHARGES FOR MONTH,

TEEC = (HT*EECM)
L.T. DEMAND CHARGES, LTDC = (LT*DCU)
TOTAL H.T CHARGES, THTC=

(HTDC+HECM+AETD1+HEEC)
TOTAL ENERGY CHARGES, L.T., TECM =
(LT*ECM)
TOTAL AMOUNT= (TLTC+THTC)
ELECTRICITY TAX, AETD = (TECM*0.1)
DISPLAY : TU, HT, LT, THTC, TLTC, TOTAL
TOTAL ENERGY CHARGES FOR

MONTH, TEEC = (LT*EECM)
STOP
POWER CONSUMPTION STUDY OF PETRONET MHBL
Month H.T L.T Total H.T L.T Total

And Units in Units in Units in Charges Charges in Charges in
Year kW kW kW In Rs. Rs. Rs.
Feb – 2017 296972.08 27787.92 324760.00 2402012.18 224758.22 2626770.4
Mar -2017 336652.52 25814.48 362467.00 2703757.35 207323.83 2911081.18
Jan – 2017 349167.69 27146.51 376314.20 2797191.67 218295.89 3015487.56

POWER CONSUMPTION CALCULATION FOR THE MAIN LINE
PUMPS AND BOOSTER PUMP ON MATLAB
DESIGN OF SOLAR PV SYSTEM FOR PETROLEUM
DISPATCH CENTER
The designing procedure of solar PV system is as follows

 Inspection of the site for the solar irradiation analysis.
 L.T side power consumption at the Petronent MHBL (load requirement).
 Selecting the components required for the system.
 Determining the Inverter capacity.
 Selection of the charge controller for the system.
 Selection of the solar PV array as per the design configuration.
 Orientation of the PV module direction and consideration of the land requirement.
 Cost analysis of the proposed system.

LOAD CALCULATION OF PETROLEUM DISPATCH CENTER
The power consumption of the L.T side for the last 3 months is as follows.
March 2017 - 27,146.51 Units/Month
April 2017 - 25,814.48Units/Month
February - 27,787.92 Units/Month
As per the calculation it can be seen that the L.T side consumption varies from the
25,000 units to 28,000 units per month.
The highest L.T side consumption has been taken into the considerations for the
SPV design.
I.e. 27,787.92 = 28,000 units/month (round figure)
Total estimated L.T side units per month = 2, 80, 00,000 Wh (28,000kWh)
Total estimated units used per day = 934.333 kWh or 39 kWh per hour

Total efficient sun shine hours per day = 6 hours
Total estimated units used per day = 39 kWh x 6 = 234 kWh/day
Multiplying the total units Watt-hours per day with 1.3 (the energy lost in the
system to get the total Watt-hours per day which must be provided by the panels.)
Total estimated units used per day = 234x1.3= 304.2kWh
The minimum plant that needs to be set up at Petronet MHBL, the
petroleum dispatch center is expected to be 304.2 kWh. Considering the land
availability and the design of the system the 316kWh plant has been proposed for
the better results.

SOLAR ARRAY
 The power used at the end use is less due to combined efficiency of the
system
= Power output of a panel × Efficiency
= 310 × 0.17 = 52.7 W
 Energy produced by one 310 Wp panel in a day
= Actual power output × 6 hours/day
= 52.7 × 6 = 316.2 Wh
Number of solar panels required to satisfy given estimated daily load =

Daily energy consumption
Daily energy produced by a panel
= 316 kWh/316.2 Wh
= 999.36 modules (theoretical)
= 1000 modules (round figure)

The inverter sizing has been done on the basis of array, each array have been allotted
for the each inverter
I.e. 316 kW/50 kW = 6.32
So total no. of 6 inverters are allotted for 6 arrays
Array arrangement
No. of modules to be connected – 17
No. of MPPT – 2
No of strings – 10 (5 strings each for one MPPT input)
Total no. of modules = 17 × 10 = 170 modules
Total no. of modules of the system = Total no. of modules × No. of inverter array
= 170 × 6 = 1020 modules (Reference – PVSyst software)
For the proposed 316 kW plant 1020 solar PV modules and 6 numbers 50 kW of
inverters with 2 MPPT input are required.

SOLAR PV ARRAY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 X
4/27/2019 31
SOLAR PV ARRAY WITH INVERTER

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF GRID CONNECTED
SOLAR PV POWER PLANT (D.C SIDE)

D.C SIDE SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM LAYOUT OF SOLAR
POWER PLANT

A.C SIDE SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM LAYOUT OF SOLAR
POWER PLANT

COST ESTIMATION OF A PV SYSTEM
a. Cost of arrays = No. of PV modules × Cost of each Module
=1020 x 13600
= 1, 38, 72,000
b. Cost of Inverter = No. of PV inverter × Cost of each inverter
= 6 x 5, 50,500
= 33, 03,000
Total Cost = 1, 38, 72,000 + 33, 03,000 = 1, 71, 75,000
10% extra on total cost of the system (wires, electrical materials for wiring, civil
and mechanical materials = 17, 17,500
Total cost of the system = 1, 71, 75,000 + 17, 17,500 = 1, 88, 92,500

DESIGN OF SOLAR PV PLANT USING PVSYST SOFTWARE
PVSyst is a power modeling tool used by the solar industry for the energy
harvesting of a potential project site. Energy harvesting simulation is the result of the
effects of various parameters on the software.

SELECTION OF ARRAY AND SUB – ARRAY IN PVSYST

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
PV - ARRAY CHARACTERISTICS
Figure shows the array losses for 800W/m2, at the module temperature of
25o C the Pmpp = 42.3kW and module mismatch loss is 2.9% and at module temp
of 50.8o C the loss is calculated as 11.3%. With the considerations of the global
losses of 14.5% the resultant Pmpp array is considered as 36.2kW

MONTHLY BASIS RESULTS CONSIDERING GLOBAL
IRRADIATION AND INCIDENT ENERGY
250
200
150
kWh/m2
100
GlobHor in kWh/m²
GlobInc kWh/m²
50
GlobEff kWh/m²
0
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
GlobHor - Horizontal global irradiation

GlobInc - Global incident in coll. plane
GlobEff- Effective Global, corrected for shadings
• The horizontal global irradiation reaches the highest point of 208.2kWh/m2 in March where
the solar irradiance is expected to be at the peak level.
• Global incident in collector plane again increases after August it reaches around
1742kWh/m2in December.
MONTHLY BASIS BALANCES AND RESULTS OF
GENERATED ENERGY
60000
50000
40000
kWh
30000
20000
10000
0
Earray kWh 52280 47893 52755 45717 42560 30932 29754 33452 39995 45386 45806 51123
E_Grid kWh 50877 46597 51329 44550 41528 30293 29161 32742 39061 44260 44634 49783
• The highest tracked effective energy of the array (EArray) is 52755 kWh in March
where the lowest tracked energy is 29754 kWh in July.
• The highest tracked energy injected into grid (E_Grid) is 51329 kWh in March
where the lowest tracked energy is 29161 kWh in July.
MONTHLY BASIS BALANCES AND RESULTS OF EFFECTIVE
ENERGY OUTPUT
13.4
13.2
13
12.8
12.6
Percentage %
12.4
12.2
12
EffArrR %
11.8
EffSysR %
11.6
11.4
EffArrR – Effective Eout array / rough area

EffSysR – Effective Eout system / rough area

MONTHLY BASIS METEO AND INCIDENT ENERGY WITH
CONSIDERATION OF GLOBAL IRRADIATION
250
200
150
kWh/m2
100
GlobHor in kWh/m²
50
GlobInc in kWh/m²
0
GlobHor- Horizontal global irradiation

GlobInc- Global incident in coll. plane

THE WIND VELOCITY
3.5
2.5
2
m/s
1.5
WindVel in m/s
0.5
0

SIMULATION RESULTS OF SYSTEM OUTPUT AND POWER
DISTRIBUTION
NORMALIZED PRODUCTION AT THE PLANT
• The normalized production of the plant with the produced useful energy of Yf =
4.37kWh/kWp/day
• The normalized production graph highlights the system losses occurred in the plant, theSystem
loss (Ls) = 0.11kWh/kWp/day
• The normalized production graph also highlights the collection losses occurred in the plant, the
Collection loss(Lc) = 1.22 kWh/kWp/day
NORMALIZED PRODUCTION AND NORMALIZED LOSS FACTORS
• The produced useful energy of the plant is, Yf = 76.7%

• The normalized production graph highlights the normalized system losses occurred in the
plant, the System loss (Ls) = 2% and Collection loss(Lc) = 21.3%

SIMULATION RESULTS OF SYSTEM LOSSES
DETAILED OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM LOSSES
ModQual- Module quality loss MisLoss- Module array mismatch loss

OhmLoss- Ohmic wiring loss EArrMPP- Array virtual energy at MPP
InvLoss- Global inverter losses EACOhmL- AC ohmic loss
DETAILED SYSTEM LOSSES
600
MisLoss in kWh
500
OhmLossin kWh
EACOhmL in kWh
400
kWh
300
200
100
0

DETAILED OVERVIEW OF INVERTER LOSSES
1400
1200
1000
800
kWh
600
400
200
0
Inv Loss 1253 1159 1278 1050 931 579 540 641 837 1008 1049 1197
IL Oper 1247 1153 1272 1044 926 574 534 635 831 1002 1043 1191

INVERTER EFFICIENCY
98.3
98.2
98.1
98
97.9
Percentage %
97.8
97.7
97.6
97.5
EffInvR in %
97.4
97.3

ENERGY LOSS DETAILS FOR APRIL (SUMMER SEASON)

 The figure shows the detailed losses of the system for April. In the designed system the
Horizontal global irradiation accounts for 190kWh/m2
 The global incident in collector plane accounts for the -1.8%, therefore the horizontal global
irradiation accounts for186.58kWh/ m2.
 The optical losses (shadings, IAM) and soiling losses contributes for -3.1% of the total losses
global irradiation respectively. This results in the 175.01kWh/ m2.
 The effective irradiance on collector plane is 205kWh/ m2 × 1957m2=345.62kWh.
 The array nominal energy can be calculated as 16.14% of the effective irradiance, which results
as 55.48MWh = 55MWh
 The array losses like (temp, module, quality, mismatch, resistance) contributes for -17.5%
losses, therefore total array virtual energy at MPP = 46MWh.
 Further considerations of -2.3% of losses on the total array virtual energy results in the
available energy at Inverter output. Therefore the total available energy at inverter output is
44.94MWh = 45MWh
 Further - 0.3% AC ohmic losses are considered for calculating the total energy injected to the
grid, i.e. 44.86MWh = 45MWh

ENERGY LOSS DETAILS FOR AUGUST (MONSOON SEASON)

 The figure shows the detailed losses of the system for August. In the designed system the
 The global incident in collector plane accounts for the -3.3%, therefore the horizontal global
 The optical losses (shadings, IAM) and soiling losses contributes for -3.7% of the total
losses global irradiation respectively. This results in the 121.87kWh/ m2.
 The effective irradiance on collector plane is 122kWh/m2*1957m2=238.75kWh.
 The array nominal energy can be calculated as 16.14% of the effective irradiance, which
results as 38.43MWh = 38MWh
losses, therefore total array virtual energy at MPP = 33MWh.
32.73MWh = 33MWh
 Further -0.2% AC ohmic losses are considered for calculating the total energy injected to the

ENERGY LOSS DETAILS FOR DECEMBER (WINTER SEASON)

 The figure shows the detailed losses of the system for December. In the designed system the
 The global incident in collector plane accounts for the +19.2%, therefore the horizontal global
 The optical losses (shadings, IAM) and soiling losses contributes for -2.6% of the total losses
 The effective irradiance on collector plane is 196kWh/m2*1957m2=384.92kWh.
as 62.12MWh = 62MWh
losses, therefore total array virtual energy at MPP = 51.24MWh.
50.06 = 50MWh

ENERGY LOSS DETAILS FOR A WHOLE YEAR

 The figure shows the detailed losses of the system over the whole year. In the designed system
the Horizontal global irradiation accounts for 1989kWh/m2
 The global incident in collector plane accounts for the +4.7%, therefore the horizontal global
 The optical losses (shadings, IAM) and soiling losses contributes for -3% of the total losses
 The effective irradiance on collector plane is 1957.53kWh/m2*1957m2= 3830.88kWh.
as 618.60MWh = 619MWh
losses, therefore total array virtual energy at MPP = 534.29MWh.
 The module quality loss of +0.4% contributes in the array virtual energy at MPP = 536.42MWh.
 Further considerations of -5.6% of losses on the total array virtual energy results in the Available
energy at Inverter output. Therefore the total available energy at inverter output is 506.38 =
506MWh
grid, i.e. 504.86.90MWh = 505MWh
SIMULATION RESULTS OF CO2 EMISSIONS IN PV SYSTEM
A normal traditional system without solar PV emits 936g of CO2 per kWh. So for the
duration of the 10 years total amount of 3912.771 tons carbon emissions can be stopped from
emitting into the atmosphere by adopting the green energy.

Figure shows the saved CO2 emissions of the PV system for the period of 30 years. A normal
traditional system without solar PV emits 936g of CO2 per kWh. So for the duration of the 30 years
total amount of 11694.095 tons carbon emissions can be stopped from emitting into the atmosphere
by adopting the green energy.

CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions were drawn from the present study.
 The power consumption at different sections of the petroleum dispatch center was studied as L.T side
and H.T side load using MATLAB simulation program. The 316 kW Solar PV system has been proposed
for the L.T side of the power consumption that compensates for loss in electricity charges of the L.T side.
 The PV simulation tools used for analysis (PVSyst) is effective means for SPV system design. The
result indicates that proposed 315kW plant generates the 300kWac and requires 1957m2 of module area
for the proposed plant.
 From the PVSyst simulation results the energy fed to the grid for the different months have been
calculated. The energy generated in March the total generated power of 51329kWh makes it highest
amount of energy to be fed to the grid. The energy fed to the grid in January and December stands second
and third respectively in the table with the total amount of power 50877kWh and 49783kWh respectively.
 The proposed plant contributes towards the green energy of the system which contributes in stopping of
carbon emissions. For the duration of the 10 years total amount of 3912.771 tons carbon emissions can be
stopped from emitting into the atmosphere from the proposed solar plant.
SCOPE FOR FUTURE IMPROVEMENT
The present study can be extended to include
 Real time implementation of the designed system and its experimental study
 A n alternative plan can be taken into consideration in order to compensate the H.T side power
consumption charges. The different site of land can be acquired and larger grid connected solar
plant of 3MW can be proposed. The revenue generated can be utilized for the energy charges of the
petroleum dispatch center (Petronet MHBL).
 Detailed estimation of component level design of solar PV system can be proposed.

REFERENCES
1. Brandon J. Murrill, “Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas and Crude Oil” Congressional
Research Service, CRS report , March 28, 2016
2. Abarasi Hart, “A review of technologies for transporting heavy crude oil and bitumen via
pipelines” Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, September 2014,
Volume 4, Issue 3, pp 327–336
3. Conrado Borraz-Sanchez, “Optimization Methods for Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas”
Department of Informatics, October 2010
4. Kenneth P. Green, “Safety in the Transportation of Oil and Gas” Centre For Natural Resource
Studies, Fraser Research Bulletin, August 2015
5. Taylor Jackson, “Intermodal Safety for Oil and Gas Transportation” & “Rail is quite safe, but
pipelines are the safest way to transport oil and gasser” Fraser Institute 2017, and National Post,
August 14, 2015
6. Liu Xu Wang Xiaoyu, “The Research of Oil and Gas Pipeline Corrosion and Protection
Technology” Advances In Petroleum Exploration And Development, Volume 7, No 2 (2014)

7. Sayed Ahmed Imran Bellar, “Pumping crude oil by centrifugal impeller having different
blade angles and surface roughness” Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production
Technology, March 2016, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp 117–127
8. Tan Mengqi, “Current Situation and Suggestions of Pipelines of Oil and Gas Storage and
Transportation” International Conference on Education, Management and Computing
Technology (ICEMCT 2015)
9. T.C. Pharris, R.L. Kolpa, "Overview of the Design, Construction, and Operation of
Interstate Liquid Petroleum Pipelines" Environmental Science Division, Argonne National
Laboratory, ANL/EVS/TM/08-1, November 2007
10. Shruti Sharma, "Solar Cells: In Research and Applications" Materials Sciences and
Applications, 2015, 6, 1145-1155, 24 December 2015
11. Hemakshi Bhoye, “An Analysis of One MW Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant Design”
International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, Vol. 3, Issue 1, January 2014

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Technical Interventions On Operation of Petroleum Dispatch Centre To - 01FE15MES004

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Vidyanagar, Hubballi – 580 031, Karnataka, INDIA

Internal Guide External Guide

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1

3. Objectives of the study

6. Results and discussions

8. Scope for future work

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 3

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 4

Oil consumption in India as on 2016

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 5

Solar Power installed capacity n MW

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 6

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 7

1. Study of Petroleum dispatch process with focus on pipelines and pumping

2. To perform computational analysis on the H.T and L.T side power

4. Formulate Single Line Diagram of SPV power plant.

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 8

The methodologies employed for the present study are as follows:

 Study of Petroleum dispatch process taking account of power consumption

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 9

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 10

Sayed Ahmed Imran Bellar et al., explains a flow simulation using

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 11

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 12

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 13

1 Petroleum dispatch center – Petronet MHBL, Mangalore

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 14

7. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems

9. Mass Flow Meters

10. Corrosion Control Systems

Power consumption Main line pumps and Booster pump

Power required for the Booster pump, P2  3 V I 2 cos 

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 16

Power required for the Main line pump, P3  3 V I 3 cos 

P3  3  6600  58  0.9  596.72 kW

Power required for the Booster pump, P4  3 V I 4 cos 

Avg. motor running hours per day for April 2017

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 17

Per day energy consumption of the Main line pump, E 3  P3  T2

Per day Energy consumption of the Booster pump, E  P  T

E4  164.61 07.16  1178.60 kWhr/day

Total energy consumption per day PT = E1+ E2 + E3 + E4

i.e. Total H.T. units consumed for the day = 11,638.923Units/Day

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Total L.T. side units = 3, 76,314.2 - 3, 49,072.04

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 27241.96  0.47  12803.72Rs

Energy charges as per the MRPL bill = 6.5Rs/unit

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 20

Energy Escalation charges as per the MRPL bill = 0.06Rs/unit

4/27/2019 SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 21

MAIN LINE & BOOSTER PUMP

RUNNING HOURS (DUAL PUMP),

POWER CONSUMPTION OF MAIN

MAIN LINE PUMP POWER (DUAL), P3 = POWER CONSUMPTION BOOSTER

BOOSTER PUMP POWER (DUAL), P4 =

MOTOR RUNNING POWER CONSUMPTION OF MAIN

TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION PER

H.T. DEMAND CHARGES, HTDC = (HT*DCU)

TOTAL ENERGY CHARGES H.T., HECM =

ELECTRICITY TAX, AETD1 = (HECM*0.1)