IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST BENEFICENT,

THE MOST MERCIFUL

 DESIGN OF SLAB FOR
FLOOR/ROOF OF A HOUSE
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB OF A HOUSE
DESIGN PROCEDURE
 Look at the line plan of the house and decide about
load bearing and non load bearing walls. Mark non
load bearing walls by a cross, (X).
 Check for support around all sides of all panels and
provide beams/concealed beams (C.B.) and column
if necessary.
 Check that walls of first floor (F.F.) are directly over
walls of ground floor (G.F.) or over beam / C.B.
 Look for stairs and car porch and provide beam/C.B.
if required. Opening in the slab is provided when
head clearance is less than 7 ft.
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB OF A HOUSE
DESIGN PROCEDURE (cont)
 Sink the floor of the F.F. bathroom by 6”-8”. Weight
of the fill material should be taken as additional
dead load for design of this slab.
 Select the largest room of the entire house and
calculate slab thickness. This thickness is to be
provided over entire roof / floor.
 Decide about the material strength of concrete and
steel. Use f‘c = 2.5 / 3 ksi for concrete and fy = 40
ksi unless reinforcing steel is tested by an authentic
laboratory.
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB OF A HOUSE
DESIGN PROCEDURE (cont )
 Decide about floor finish, partition, heat insulation
and water proofing. Calculate the dead load for each
of the above and select a suitable value of live load
from the table.
 Decide about direction of top and bottom steel or da
and db. Positive steel will be placed in the same
direction in the bottom layer for all panels.
 Design slab panel one by one using moment
coefficient method and show reinforcement details.
In adjacent panels maximum of the two negative
reinforcement is placed at the common support.
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB OF A HOUSE
DESIGN PROCEDURE (cont )
 Calculate the load on the beam from slab using
shear coefficient and design the beam for flexure,
shear and torsion. (Minimum depth of beam should
be at least three times the slab thickness).
 Calculate the load on the walls and columns and
design the foundation using the usual procedure.
Footing design is based on service loads.
 Design the columns.
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB OF A HOUSE
DESIGN PROCEDURE (cont )
 Ensure adequate slope in the roof normally 1:80 or
more and provide proper drainage for storm water.
 Septic tank and under ground water tank should be
located AWAY from one another.
 Provide torsion reinforcement at the free corner of
the slab according to the code requirement.
 Dimensions shown on the drawing are always the
clear dimensions from face to face of wall. First
dimension is always the horizontal dimension.
 DESIGN EXAMPLE

Design a two way slab panel 21’x18’ in

size resting on 9” thick masonry wall having
edge conditions as shown. The dead load
consist of self weight, 2.5” F.F,½ inch C.P.
and 4.5 inch thick masonry partition wall with
½ inch thick cement plaster on both sides and
10 ft high. Live load = 60 psf f’c = 4000 psi
and fy = 60000psi.
 21’x18’

Fig 1. Edge condition of slab panel

Case 9

Case 4
SOLUTION
1.Slab thickness. According to the ACI Code – 1963
For grade 60 steel,
h = Perimeter x 1.1/180
= (18+21)x2x1.1x12/180 = 5.72” say 6”
2.Loads
 Dead load
Self wt of slab= 6x150/12 = 75 psf
F.F+C.P=(2.5+0.5)x144/12=36 psf
Wt of partition wall=(0.5+4.5+0.5)X10x120x10/100
= 55 psf
wdu=1.2(75+36+55)= 200 psf
Live load
wlu= 60x1.6 = 96 psf say 100 psf.
wu= 200+100 = 300 psf
3.Bending moment co-efficients.
m = la/lb = 18/21 = 0.85

B.M. Type Co-eff Case 4 Case 9

- Ve moment - Ca 0.066 0.072
“ “ - Cb 0.034 0.021
+ ve moment Cadl 0.036 0.028
“ “ Cbdl 0.019 0.013
“ “ Call 0.043 0.039
“ “ Cbll 0.023 0.020
Shear Wa 0.66 0.79
“ “ Wb 0.34 0.21
4.B.M
Mu=Cxwuxl2
_ Ma=0.072x300x182=7.00 Kft

_ Mb=0.034x300x212=4.5 Kft

+ Ma=(0.036x200x182)+(0.043x100x182)
=2.33+1.4 = 3.73 Kft
+ Mb=(0.019x200x212) +(0.023x100x212)
= 1.68+1.01 = 2.69 K ft
_Mb at discont edge =+Mb/3= 0.90 kft
5.Area of steel and detailing. Max spacing =2xh=12”
da= h – cover - db/2 = 6 - 0.75 - 0.5/2 = 5”
db= da - 0.5 = 5-0.5 = 4.5”
Asmin=0.0018bxh=0.0018x12x6=0.13 in2

Dir Moment d ρ As detailing Remarks

Kft in in2
Short _ 7.00 5 0.00548 0.33 # 4 @ 7”c/c

Short 3.73 5 0.00271 0.16 # 4@ 12”c/c Spacing

limit
Long _ 4.5 4.5 0.00430 0.23 # 4@ 10” c/c

Long 2.98 4.5 0.00255 0.14 # 4 @12” c/c Spacing

limit
Mu=ϕρbd2fy(1-0.59ρfy/f’c)
7.0x12=0.9xρx12x52x60(1-0.59xρx60/4)
8.85ρ2 – ρ + 0.00518 = 0
ρ = 0.00548
As = ρxbxd= 0.00548 x12x5=0.33 in2
Use # 4 rebar @ 7” c/c
6.Torsion steel
Same as max +ve steel
7.Sketch
ANY QUESTION ?
Thanks
 Instructions for structural drawing
1.Civil engineering drawings are generally of three type.
Architectural Drawings.- Consist of line plan,
elevation, side views, sections, perspective etc
Structural Drawings. It includes Reinforcement
details of slab, beams, girders, columns, footings,
water tank, stairs etc.
Services drawings. These include drawings for
Water supply sewerage, gas, drainage, electrical,
heating and air conditioning etc.
2. Structural drawings consist of reinforcement plan, X-
section, L-section for various members.
3. Draw a border 1.5”-1.75” on left side of your drawing
sheet and 0.5” on the remaining three sides.
4. Draw the seal showing necessary information like
name of the project, title of the drawing
(reinforcement plan), drawn by, checked by, date etc
in the right hand bottom corner.
5.Reinforcement plan. On the main sheet draw
reinforcement plan of slab showing ALL PANELS to
suitable scale covering ¾ part of sheet.
Show reinforcement in two and half panels only.
Show beam /girder by two parallel dash lines 1/8”
- 3/16” long line with 1/16” gap in between.

Fill light black shade with pencil in column.

Write slab thickness in a box on the rft plan.
 SLAB THICKNESS = 6”

Show top reinforcement with only TWO

PARALLEL THICK DASH lines. length of line and
gap as above. Write size and spacing of rebars.
Use solid thick dark lines for bottom
reinforcement. Draw three parallel lines; one of
them showing cut off point. Show size and
spacing of bar say # 4 bar @6” c/c altn cut off.

Show temp and shrinkage reinforcement by solid

two parallel lines. Indicate bar size and spacing.
 Edge lines should be of medium thickness and
darkness.
Dimension lines should be thin and light.
Title of the drawing is written below the view.
6.X- Section. The following points may be adhered to
while drawing the X-Section below the
reinforcement plan
Draw only two and a half panel to show
reinforcement details.
Show dimensions, concrete cover, reinforcement
size and spacing, hooks, cut off points etc.
Use different scales for vertical and horizontal
dimensions. Slab thickness should be about ¾”
wide.
7.Draw column elevation (showing top and bottom slab
as well) on the top right hand side of the sheet and
plan / X-section below it (Above the seal).
8.Beam L-section. It is to be drawn on the reverse
side of the drawing sheet.
Draw full three span of beam to suitable scale –
on almost the entire length of sheet.
Show dimensions of the members, reinforcement
size and number (including stirrups size and
spacing) hooks, bar cut off points and cover etc.
Draw X-section to show changes in longitudinal
and transverse reinforcement. Draw at least five
sections. Label the X-section as sec A-A, B-B etc.
 show width of beam with every section and depth
at one place only.
Name of the x-section is to be written below the
view.
Reinforcement size and number to be mentioned
in side the view.
9. L-Section and X-section of the girder. Draw it in the
lower half of the drawing sheet (reverse side)
following instructions of para 8 above.
10. Differentiate for thickness and darkness between
dimension line, edge line, centre line, dash line and
reinforcement.